Puqienine E: An angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory steroidal alkaloid from Fritillaria puqiensis

Eight steroidal alkaloids, puqienine A, puqienine B, puqienine C, puqienine D, puqienine E, puqietinone, puqiedine and peimisine were isolated from Fritillaria puqiensis G. D. Yu et. G. Y. Chen, and their anti-hypertensive effect were assessed in vitro based on the inhibition of the purified angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) using high-performance liquid chromatography assay. The results showed that puqienine E, puqienine B and puqienine A exhibited better inhibitory activity against ACE than others, with inhibition ratios of 70.2 ± 0.5%, 24.7 ± 0.5% and 20.4 ± 2.8%, respectively at the concentration of 200 μM. The 50% inhibiting concentration of puqienine E was determined to be 68 µM.     

组培平贝母形态转变过程中同工酶变化的研究

以平贝母为供试材料,研究了组培平贝母培养过程中培养体不同发育时期同工酶的变化。结果表明:在发育过程中各培养体的酯酶同工酶的酶带较丰富,共检测出11条酶带,且形成小鳞茎后酶谱的酶带数都明显多于愈伤组织和胚状体时期,且愈伤组织在Rf=0.708处产生了特异性酶带。过氧化氢酶在愈伤组织、胚状体和刚形成小鳞茎时都有表达,且酶谱仅有1条带,Rf=0.042,而在鳞茎膨大时没有该酶的表达。     

伊贝母根系分泌物对其幼苗生长的自毒作用

采用生物测定的方法,研究了伊贝母(Fritilla riapallidiflora Schvek)根系分泌物成分中的1,3,5-三烯丙基-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)三酮、酚酸和二者的混合液对伊贝母幼苗的影响。结果表明,伊贝母根系分泌物成分对伊贝母幼苗体内的保护酶SOD起到抑制作用,但对POD、CAT的活性既有抑制作用亦有促进作用。对幼苗体内MDA及叶绿素含量有促进作用。     

组培平贝母不同阶段培养体淀粉酶同工酶电泳及其活力的研究

以平贝母为供试材料,研究了组培平贝母培养过程中不同发育时期培养体的淀粉酶同工酶及其活力的变化,可为进一步深入研究贝母器官发生机理和以后的分子研究提供参考。结果表明:在发育过程中各培养体的淀粉酶同工酶在Rf=0.167处产生了平贝母α-淀粉酶的特征性酶带,在Rf=0.250时,4个时期都有浅蓝色的R-淀粉酶的表达;而β-淀粉酶酶带在小鳞茎膨大阶段进行表达,而在其他3个时期没有该酶的表达。在淀粉酶活力方面,培养体内总淀粉酶活力整体呈下降-上升-下降的趋势,不同发育时期的α-淀粉酶变化趋势与总淀粉酶变化趋势相似,其活力始终高于β-淀粉酶,推测α-淀粉酶在组培平贝母不同发育时期培养体的淀粉代谢中作用比较重要。     

Drought stress tolerance analysis of Populus ussuriensis clones with different ploidies

The selection of drought-tolerant plants is an important aspect of plant breeding.We studied physiological and biochemical mechanisms of different ploidies of Populus ussuriensis Kom.that relate to drought stress tolerance.We used a 5%(v/v)polyethylene glycol(PEG-6000)solution to simulate drought stress.We recorded leaf phenotypes including color,dry area and curl degree.We evaluated sequential variations in some drought stress tolerance-related physiological and biochemical indices and compared these among diploid clones(CK),triploid clones(T12)and tetraploid clones(F20).T12 leaves exhibited slightly more drought stress damage than CK and F20 leaves.CK leaves suffered the most severe drought stress damage.The physiological and biochemical indices of the different ploidies differed significantly 12 days after drought stress treatment.The activities of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,catalase and proline in the triploid(T12)leaves were the highest.The relative electric conductivity and malondialdehyde content of T12 leaves were the lowest.The index values of F20 were between those ofthe diploid and triploid.In consideration of these results,the drought resistance of the three different ploidies of P.ussuriensis can be ranked as T12>F20>CK.We speculate that the gene expression patterns of polyploid clones of poplar will change after genome doubling and that some of the drought stress tolerance-related physiological and biochemical indices will be improved,resulting in greater drought tolerance of polyploid clones.     

浙贝母淀粉、蔗糖代谢相关基因的克隆与表达分析

为了培育高品质浙贝母鳞茎,本研究以浙贝3号为材料,采用蒽酮法、高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术和试剂盒法测定浙贝母鳞茎发育过程中淀粉与蔗糖的含量变化;采用同源克隆、cDNA末端快速扩增技术(RACE)克隆蔗糖代谢关键酶基因,使用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)测定各基因表达量并进行相关性分析。结果发现,鳞茎中淀粉含量在成熟期达到最大值,可溶性总糖和蔗糖含量在鳞茎发育初期和末期最高,AGP2、AGP3、GBSS、SSS在鳞茎中表达量最高,AGP1在根中表达量最高,5个基因均与淀粉含量显著相关(相关系数分别为0.930、0.839、0.582、0.561和0.826),SS主要表达部位为鳞茎,SPS为叶片,二者均与蔗糖含量呈显著相关性(相关系数为0.575和0.536)。本研究为淀粉、蔗糖代谢基因功能验证,以及浙贝母分子育种与分子调控鳞茎发育相关研究奠定了基础。     

大青杨9个地理种源生长量的对比分析

对9个不同产地的大青杨进行了苗期生长量测定,经方差分析,地径与苗高生长量均呈显著差异,3年间的地径、苗高间的净生长并不呈相关关系。经遗传力估算,试验点的优劣对大青杨第1年生长有较大影响,第2、3年生长遗传性非常稳定。通过本试验为东北各造林区选用适用种源提供了依据。     

药用植物平贝母(Fitillaria ussurieusis)组织培养的研究——Ⅱ.体细胞胚胎发生及细胞学观察

以平贝母(Fritillaria ussuriebsis Maxim)鳞茎为试材,建立了高频率体细胞胚胎发生体系。愈伤组织诱导培养基为 MN+2.5ppm 2,4—D+1.0ppmKT+5.0ppmA+500.0ppmcH,体细胞胚诱导培养基为 N6+1.0ppmKT十5.0ppmA。细胞学观察表明,体细胞胚起源于单个胚性细胞,经过原胚、球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷胚、子叶胚而形成具有苗端和根端的成熟胚。体细胞胚发生于胚性愈伤组织表面、外植体表层及胚性愈伤组织内部。     

乌苏里蝮多器官罹患软骨肉瘤的形态观察

乌苏里蝮(Gloydius ussuriensis)是中国东北地区常见的毒蛇,由于其蛇毒有效成分的医疗价值,我国南北方蛇类养殖场均有不同大小的养殖种群。但人工养殖条件下,乌苏里蝮的成活率并不理想。为了探究患病的原因,研究室与沈阳一养殖场合作,对生理状态不佳的部分乌苏里蝮进行了剖检观察。2017年1月份,编号为F20170101的成年雄蛇,被检查出多发性肿瘤,在食道、心脏、肝脏和肾脏均有不同大小的肿块。组织切片观察显示,肿瘤均由软骨组织构成,其间有不规则的钙化,个别有"癌穴"的出现。肿块被鉴定为骨外软骨肉瘤,但未确定原发部位。此属于乌苏里蝮患有肿瘤的国内首例报道,且为多器官并发。     

浅谈大青杨人工林间伐实验

本文通过大青杨在太平林场的密度间伐实验,得出了大青杨树高和单位面积材积的定期生长量与间伐强度的关系,初步确定了培养杨树短周期工业用材林较为理想的间伐密度,为我省东部山区营建短轮伐期工业用材林提供了一定的理论依据和实践指导.