Die Esche(Fraxinus excelsior L.) — ein Baum des Leipziger Auwaldes?

Zusammenfassung Die historische Analyse der Waldentwicklung des Leipziger Auwaldes ergab, da?Fraxinus excelsior bis Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts nicht in der Baumschicht vorkam. Ihre Einbringung erfolgte durch forstliche Ma?nahmen beginnend am Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts und wurde ab 1870 verst?rkt. Heute ist die Esche die h?ufigste Baumart im Leipziger Auwald. Weitere Beispiele zeigen, da? der Eschenanbau keine lokale Erscheinung darstellt, sondern auch in anderen europ?ischen Gebieten zur gleichen Zeit erfolgte.      

水曲柳性状相关选优方法的探讨

根据30株天然水曲柳解析木资料，运用相关分析原理，对其胸径、树龄、树高之间关系进行了探讨，并利用其回归方程，编制了天然水曲柳胸径、树龄、树高相关表，为石沉大海 曲柳选优找到了简便可靠的方法。     

对节白蜡幼苗移栽育苗试验初报

大田播种不易管理，往往因种子还未发芽，苗田就长满杂草并与种子争水、争阳光，造成种子不易发芽，种子甚至发霉、变质、腐烂。而采取砂床播种，便于管理，发芽率高，出土整齐。     

不同光环境下水曲柳幼树光合指标的生理反应

应用Li-640002B型光合仪对生长在不同光环境下的水曲柳幼树的光合特性进行了测定。统计分析结果表明,幼树对低光环境具有较强的适应能力,能够在0.512μmol·m-2·s-1的条件下正常生活。幼树光合速率最高可达13.0μmol·m-2·s-1,光饱和点(LSP)1000μmol·m-2·s-1左右,适生光环境为800～1000μmol·m-2·s-1。     

Influence of main site factors on Fraxinus mandshurica（Oleaceae） plantation

The investigation was carried out on 10-year-old plantation of Fraxinus mandshurica in Mao‘er Mountain Experimental Station of Northeast Forest University.tree height(H),diameter at breast height(D1.3) and the increment of tree height in 5 years (H5),the thickness of humus layer,as well as the soil moisture were measured for the plantation and the growth indexes(H,D1.3,H5) for different site conditions were analyzed.The results showedthat main site factors influencing the growth of Fraxinus mandshurica were soil moisture,gradient and location of siope in order.The growth of Fraxinus mandshurica was better on the middle-or up-slope site than on the down-slope site.Soil moisture and late frost caused by terrain are the main reasons that limit the growth of Fraxinus mandshurica plantation.     

蔗糖对水曲柳体细胞胚发生的影响

以水曲柳子叶为外植体,研究了不同浓度的蔗糖对水曲柳愈伤组织和体细胞胚发生以及体细胞胚数量、质量的影响。结果表明:当NAA多于BA时,附加7%蔗糖的体细胞胚发生率最高;当BA多于NAA时,附加10%蔗糖的体细胞胚发生率最高,但每个外植体上体细胞胚的数量和质量不是最好的。综合认为,选定9%~12%的蔗糖浓度最有利于水曲柳体细胞胚的诱导。     

水曲柳DNA浓度及滴加时间对杨树花粉管通道法结实率的影响

[目的]对适宜的水曲柳DNA浓度及滴加时间进行初步探索,获得具有水曲柳优势性状的杨树植株。[方法]通过花粉管通道法,将携带水曲柳基因组的DNA导入杨树。人工授粉后一定时间在花柱基部进行横切,把不同浓度DNA溶液滴加到子房切口端,10 d后统计结实率。[结果]在同一时间点,随着水曲柳DNA浓度的增加,结实率呈现逐渐降低趋势;随着授粉与滴加DNA时间的延长,同一浓度下呈现出结实率先降低后升高趋势。当水曲柳DNA溶液滴加时间控制在人工授粉后6 h左右,DNA浓度为50μg/ml时是在杨树上运用花粉管通道法转化水曲柳基因最适宜的条件,结实率可达17%。[结论]滴加时间与外源DNA不同梯度水平对转化结实率有很大影响。     

不同嫁接高度、方法对水曲柳成活及生长的影响研究

在天恒基苗圃对水曲柳进行嫁接对比试验,结果表明:在嫁接方法中,切接法效果较好,平均成活率为87%;在3种砧木高度处理中,以嫁接高度为10 cm,平均嫁接成活率最高,达到92.5%;单一来看砧木高度为10 cm,采用切接法成活率最高,达到96%。因此,在乌鲁木齐和昌吉地区可以采用切接法进行水曲柳的嫁接繁殖。     

Fraxinus-Glomus-Pisolithus symbiosis: Plant growth and soil aggregation effects

It has been established that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are involved in the conservation of soil structure. However, the effect of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi alone or in interaction with AM fungi in soil structure has been much less studied. This experiment evaluated EM and AM fungi effects on soil aggregation and plant growth. Ash plants (Fraxinus uhdei) were grown in pots, and were inoculated with Glomus intraradices and Pisolithus tinctorius separately but also in combination. Our results showed that F. uhdei established a symbiotic association with EM and AM fungi, and that these organisms, when interacting, showed synergistic and additive effects on plant growth compared to singly inoculated treatments. EM and AM fungi prompted changes in root morphology and increased water-stable aggregates. AM fungi affect mainly small-sized macroaggregates, while EM and EM-AM fungi interaction mainly affected aggregates bigger than 0.5 mm diameter. These results suggest that ectomyccorrhizal as well as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi should be considered in restoration programs with Fraxinus plants.     

花曲柳木材细胞腔壁上沉积物的研究

用扫描电子显微镜观察了花曲柳(Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance)木材细胞腔壁上沉积物的分布及存在形态。观察发现,花曲柳木材细胞腔壁上沉积物极为丰富,无论导管腔壁、木纤维细胞腔壁、轴向薄壁细胞腔壁还是射线薄壁细胞腔壁上均有分布,而且存在形态各异,特别是在轴向薄壁细胞和射线薄壁细胞腔壁上的沉积物最多,存在形态最为复杂。从构造的角度初步探讨了花曲柳木材细胞腔壁上沉积物对其木材液体渗透性的影响。