水曲柳无性系种子园营建技术的研究

在广泛收集资料的基础上，对营建水曲柳无性系种子园的建设原则、经营方针、目标、建设程序及标准、园址选择、优树搜集和选择、田间配置、嫁接、管理等技术方面进行了探索。     

The impact of land afforestation on carbon stocks surrounding Tehran,Iran

The city of Tehran,like many polluted metropolises of the world,has higher emissions of greenhouse gases than other cities in Iran,due to heavy consumption of fossil fuel and landuse changes.To estimate carbon sequestration in two 40 year-old stands of planted Cupressus arizonica and Fraxinus rotundifolia in degraded lands surrounding Tehran,sampling of above-and below-ground biomass,soil(at two depths of 0-15 and 15-30 cm),and leaf litter was done by systematic random sampling.The total carbon stocks of C.arizonica and F.rotundifolia stands were respectively 328.20 and 150.69 Mg·ha-1.The aboveground biomass with 233.16(71%)Mg·ha-1 in C.arizonica and88.16(58.50%)Mg·ha-1 in F.rotundifolia contributed the most shares to carbon sequestration.The diameter at breast height,total height,basal area,total volume,and biomass of C.arizonica were significantly(p0.01)higher than those of F.rotundifolia.Also the depth of 0-30 cm of soil contributed between 18.29%and 32.15%of total ecosystem carbon,respectively.The economic value of carbon sequestration in the two stands in 2011 was calculated at 3.5 and 2.5 million dollars,respectively.Our results indicate that afforestation of the degraded land surrounding Tehran would sequester more carbon than would continuously degraded land,the current status quo.These stands can absorb atmospheric CO2 at different rates,thus tree species selection and stand development should be considered in planning future afforestation projects.     

山西省晋南地区白蜡优树生长特征研究

采用空间代替时间的方法,分别在山西省晋南白蜡主要分布区夏县、沁水和阳城,选择18年生,22年生,26年生,30年生及34年生的,郁闭度0.6以上,林相整齐的白蜡优树,系统调查不同立地条件下白蜡优树的生长发育过程。结果表明,白腊优树的树高、胸径、冠幅、枝下高均随年树龄的增加而增大,成显著的对数函数关系或线性函数关系;山西省晋南地区白蜡优树较优分布地点在夏县及类似的立地条件区域;白蜡优树选择的较适树龄为30 a左右。     

水曲柳山地垄作与平床育苗生长效果试验初报简

在甘井子林场进行了水曲柳（Fraxinus mandschurica）山地育苗垄作与平床育苗生长效果的对比试验,结果表明：垄作育苗当年平均苗高83 cm ,地径0．96 cm ,主根长38 cm ,侧根长27 cm ,侧根平均7条,均高于平床育苗;垄作育苗和平床育苗在生长量、地径粗度和侧根数量上形成明显的差异;垄作育苗由于根茎粗壮,侧根条数多,当年造林成活率和造林保存率均比平床育苗成效显著,均构成了显著差异。山地垄作育苗效果要明显好于平床育苗效果。     

双氧水处理对白蜡种子发芽的影响

在实验室进行了双氧水不同浓度和处理时间对白蜡种子发芽的影响研究,结果表明不同处理浓度（0％～4.0％）白蜡种子发芽率为64％～79％,有随浓度升高而增加的趋势,其中双氧水浓度为3.5％的效果最好,极显著高于其他处理（p＜0.01）,其他处理之间差异不显著（p＞0.05）;在双氧水处理浓度3.0％时,浸种12 h的发芽率为71％,极显著高于浸种24h时的42％发芽率（p＜0.01）.     

不同激素组合处理对金叶白蜡嫩枝扦插生根的影响

[目的]为金叶白蜡嫩枝扦插繁育提供科学依据.[方法]在大棚内,用沙壤土做基质,采用正交设计法,研究IBA-K、NAA-Na、DA-6共3因素不同浓度水平处理插穗后的嫩枝扦插生根效果.[结果] IBA-K盐、NAA-Na盐、DA-6均能显著提高金叶白蜡嫩枝插穗生根率,影响作用大小依次为NAA-Na盐＞IBA-K盐＞DA-6,其中NAA-Na盐是影响金叶白蜡嫩枝插稳生根的主要因子.[结论]试验3组合A1×B3×C3能够极显著提高金叶白蜡嫩枝插穗生根率,其平均生根率达到84.3％,是金叶白蜡嫩枝插穗生根最佳激素水平组合.     

水曲柳种子园花粉观察分析

于１９９２年５月在带岭水曲柳无性系种子园进行花粉观察试验研究。其结果在不同的立地条件和不同气候条件下，花粉分散时间与空间花粉密度的变化密切相关。５月１６日至１９日，为花粉散出的高峰、时散粉量集中在每日１０时至１４时，初步掌握了共飞散规律，这也是对雌雄配置比例６∶１设计合理性的验证、同时也提高了种子园的遗传增益。     

The ash wilt disease: A preliminary investigation of wood anatomy

A macroscopical, microscopical and SEM examination of wood samples, taken from diseased ash trees, was undertaken to probe into the cause of an ash wilt disease considered to be identical with dieback. The symptoms, particularly the obstruction of the vessels by tyloses and the occurrence of fungal hyphae in one specimen, bear a strong resemblance to those found in Dutch elm disease.Samenvatting Houtmonsters van zieke essen werden macroscopisch, microscopisch en met de SEM onderzocht om de oorzaak van de esseverwelkingsziekte op te sporen. Deze ziekte, ook wel aangeduid met essensterven, vertoont grote overeenkomsten met de in de Verenigde Staten van Amerika en in Groot-Brittanië al langer bekende ash dieback. De gevonden verschijnselen, in het bijzonder de verstopping van vaten door thyllen en het vóórkomen van schimmeldraden in een van de monsters, vertonen veel overeenkomsten met karakteristieke symptomen van de iepeziekte en van de eikeverwelking.     

对节白蜡树叶中挥发性成分提取、GC-MS分析及杀菌活性研究

为明确对节白蜡的抗病原因,以开发新的生物农药,采用同时蒸馏萃取法分离提取对节白蜡树叶中的挥发性物质,并对萃取溶剂、温度和时间等条件进行了筛选。结果表明,最佳萃取溶剂为乙醚,最佳萃取温度为100℃,最佳萃取时间为6 h。对乙醚提取物进行杀菌活性测试发现,乙醚提取物在500 g/m L的质量浓度下对5种供试病原菌都有一定的杀菌活性,其中对水稻纹枯病菌的杀菌活性最好,抑制率可达100%,其对小麦赤霉病菌的抑制率也能达到55.8%。GC-MS分析结果显示,乙醚提取的挥发性物质主要含有5个可分辨的成分,其中4号成分含量占总提取物的87.00%,NIST11谱库检索确证其结构为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯。根据以上结果,初步确定邻苯二甲酸二丁酯是对节白蜡重要的抗菌成分之一。     

Linking tree growth rate,damage repair,and susceptibility to a genus-specific pest infestation

Pest preference and subsequent susceptibility of a host individual is likely related to previous growth patterns in that host.Emerald ash borer(Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire)is a pestiferous beetle introduced to North America from Asia.While all species of ash are susceptible to attack,some individual trees appear to survive infestation.We selected ash trees in southeastern Michigan,collected cores and categorized trees as high tolerance to emerald ash borer attack(high overall health,low crown dieback),low tolerance(low overall health,high crown dieback)and intermediate tolerance(in-between the other categories).We artificially wounded trees and measured wound closure after 3 years.Ring width indices were not correlated between high and low tolerance trees.Regression slopes comparing growth and years were significantly different between the three tolerance categories,with high tolerance trees having the steepest slope.Wound closure was greatest in high tolerance trees.High tolerance trees demonstrating more rapid(steeper regression slope),consistent(lower variance),and effective(greater wound closure)growth.Those vigorously growing trees likely had more capacity to repair damage caused by emerald ash borer,leading to healthier trees in our categorization.Linking previous host growth patterns to health may have implications related to identifying individual trees potentially tolerant to attack.