HPLC法测定白蜡树叶中秦皮甲素含量

[目的]测定白蜡树叶中秦皮甲素的含量。[方法]样品经无水甲醇回流提取,以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂;以乙腈-浓度0.1%磷酸溶液(8∶92,V/V)为流动相,检测波长334 nm,柱温30℃,流速1.0 ml/min,采用高效液相色谱法测定含量。[结果]平均回收率为96.59%,RSD为2.39%(n=6);白蜡树叶中秦皮甲素的平均含量为0.155 9 mg/g。[结论]该方法稳定性好,精密度高,重现性好,可用于白蜡树叶中秦皮甲素的含量测定。     

释放花绒寄甲防治危害白蜡的云斑天牛

在地处黄河三角洲的山东省东营市和滨州市,选取8个受害严重的白蜡林作为试验样地,在云斑天牛幼虫期释放花绒寄甲卵和成虫,然后调查和统计天敌释放前后白蜡树的被害株率、天牛的株虫口数,计算出花绒寄甲对云斑天牛的防治效果.结果表明:林间释放花绒寄甲卵和成虫对云斑天牛均有良好的控制作用.在释放花绒寄甲卵的5个试验林中,释放后第2年的平均株虫口校正减退率为73.16％,平均被害株校正减退率为72.36％;在释放花绒寄甲成虫的3个试验林中,释放后第2年的平均株虫口校正减退率为77.20％,平均被害株校正减退率为69.68％.对释放花绒寄甲卵和成虫的防治效果进行比较表明,释放花绒寄甲成虫的防治效果略高于释放卵的林分,但二者差异不显著,说明在云斑天牛生物防治中,释放花绒寄甲2种虫态的天敌均不失为有效和良好的技术,而卵的成本低,值得在生产防治中大力推广应用.     

滨海盐碱胁迫下白蜡无性系生长及生理特性的响应

为筛选白蜡耐盐速生优良无性系,在滨海盐碱环境胁迫下,以国内收集的42个白蜡种质资源无性系为研究对象,利用相关性和主成分分析法对42个无性系干鲜比、株高、地径以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、细胞膜透性、叶绿素、过氧化物酶(POD) 、丙二醛(MDA)生理代谢等指标进行遗传变异分析和综合评价。结果表明：42个无性系8个指标之间存在一定程度的差异,其中过氧化物酶(POD)变异系数最大,为64.33%,变异幅度25.00~458.30 U/(g·min);其次为丙二醛(MDA),变异系数为49.52%,变幅为0.50~7.08 umol/kg;再次为叶绿素和地径,变异系数分别为18.92%和18.56%,变幅分别为1.46~4.26 mg/g和1.15~2.78 cm;相关性分析结果表明,滨海盐碱胁迫下苗木干鲜比、株高和地径与各生理指标之间的相关性均达显著或极显著相关,说明利用生长指标和生理指标对无性系耐盐性进行综合评价,能反映滨海盐碱胁迫后的响应;利用主成分分析法对42份白蜡种质资源无性系综合得分及排名得知,各无性系耐盐碱性由强到弱前10位依次为‘盐3’>‘LC13’>‘济20’>‘R7-2’>‘盐2’>‘环翠3号’>‘胶南11’>‘白蜡4-2’>‘白蜡2’>‘DT21’。因此,初步认为上述10个无性系具有显著速生性和耐盐碱性,可作为盐渍立地造林或抗逆育种的重要应用材料。     

白蜡优良无性系光合特性日变化研究

[目的]探索白蜡光合作用与环境变化的关系.[方法]以白蜡优良无性系鲁蜡5号及原生绒毛白蜡为试材,对其自然生长条件下主要光合生理指标进行了测定.[结果]鲁蜡5号与对照光合速率日变化曲线均呈双峰型,峰值出现在10：00和16：00,有明显的光合午休现象;温度在32.85℃时净光合速率最大,两者无明显差异;在强光条件下,鲁蜡5号的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度及胞间CO2浓度均高于对照;经相关性分析,鲁蜡5号的净光合速率与蒸腾速率呈显著正相关,气孔导度与湿度呈显著正相关,胞间CO2浓度与温度呈显著负相关,与湿度呈显著正相关.[结论]为白蜡栽培管理提供了理论依据.     

水曲柳春季播种育苗技术

在对水曲柳育苗实践经验进行总结的基础上,提出了一种隔两年沙藏层积处理种子催芽的春播育苗技术。笔者从种子采集与处理、圃地选择与整地、播种方法、苗期管理等方面进行了详细的阐述,为该树种的应用推广提供了参考。     

梣属(Fraxinus)植物果实的四种类型及其系统学意义

国内外重要的植物分类学与系统学文献均认为:木犀科和属(白蜡树属)植物只有2心皮的子房和果实。目前仅有2篇文献认为木犀科和属植物还具有3或3和4心皮的子房。作者在对属植物的果实进行研究时,发现属植物果实具有2心皮、3心皮、4心皮和6心皮4种类型,首次发现了属植物具有6心皮的果实。这一发现具有一定的系统学意义。     

Root-shoot relationships ofFraxinus mandchurica

In this paper, root-shoot relationships of seedlings of Manchurican ash (Fraxinus mandchurica) in pots is studied in green house. The results show that roots and shoots have the co-ordination of growth and roots and shoots of ash have the same growth dynamics. There are very close relationships between total root mass and total shoot mass, between fine root mass and leaf mass in this experiments. At the end growing season, ash root-shoot mass ratio and fine root-leaf mass ratio are 1.85 and 2.01 respectively. These ratios are difference during growth season. There are larger roots than shoots on seedling stage. Low nitrogen and phosphorus produce higher root-shoot ratio, and high nutrient concentrations decrease the ratios. This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China (No.39570586) (Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai)     

花曲柳适生立地条件调查研究

通过对花曲柳天然分布，生长及其适生立地条件进行调查研究，发现花曲柳的适生立地条件为阳坡，半阳坡，半阴坡的山腹缓坡山谷，沟旁；土壤以间棕壤为主，土层以中厚层为宜，土壤结构为团粒状，粒状结构，通气良好，有机质含量高，土壤为微酸性。     

Collembola effects on plant mass and nitrogen acquisition by ash seedlings (Fraxinus pennsylvanica)

We studied the effects of varied collembolan numbers on three compensatory mechanisms of nutrient uptake: fine root mass, endomycorrhizal development, and physiological uptake capacity. We grew ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) with or without the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomusintraradices, with 0, 10 or 50 initial Collembola (Folsomia candida). After 83 d root and uptake rates, endomycorrhizal development, and plant biomass were determined. Plant mass increased with Collembola number. Collembola interacted with mycorrhizae in their effects on N uptake and leaf N. Collembola in the absence of mycorrhizal roots were associated with lower N uptake and leaf N at 10 than at 0 or 50 initial Collembola. In contrast, Collembola in the presence of mycorrhizal roots were associated with the highest rate of N uptake and leaf N at 10 versus 0 or 50 initial Collembola. Hence as initial Collembola number increased, the relative importance of root system traits that determined N uptake changed from root physiological uptake capacity, presence of mycorrhizal roots, to fine root biomass.