快速凝集试验与补体结合试验检测牛边缘无浆体感染的效果对比

从138份血清样品的比较试验结果显示，快速凝集试验（RCA）比补体结合试验（CF）检测边缘无浆体感染的敏感性高（88．9％：81．5％），假阴性率低（11．1％：18．5％），两者都具有良好的特异性和预测性，检测阳性符合率高，快速凝集试验对一次感染牛的持续检出阳性时间更长久（303天：92天）     

Effect of the β‐carotene oxygenase 2 genotype on the content of carotenoids,retinol and α‐tocopherol in the liver,fat and milk of rabbit does,reproduction parameters and kitten growth

Mutations in the β‐carotene oxygenase 2 (BCO2) gene can impair the function of the enzyme that breaks down carotenoids. As a result, gradual accumulation of unoxidized carotenoids in animal tissues gives them a yellow colour. The aim of the study was to determine the content of carotenoids, retinol and α‐tocopherol in the liver, fat and milk of rabbit does with three different genotypes determined by AAT‐deletion mutation at codon 248 of the BCO2 gene and to find out whether differences in the concentrations of the above compounds in the tissues and milk of the does affect reproduction parameters and the rearing rate of kittens. The experimental materials comprised 36 does, 12 of each genotype of the BCO2 gene, with their litters. Females with their litters were placed in individual cages, on deep litter. Between days 7 and 13 of lactation, samples of milk were collected from the does. The kittens stayed with their mothers until 35 days of age. After weaning, the does were sacrificed. Tissue samples of liver and perirenal fat were collected for chemical analyses. Additionally, based on samples taken from one female, RNA expression levels were determined from the mammary gland and liver, adipose tissue and skin. It was found that homozygous does with deletion at codon 248 of the BCO2 gene were characterized by considerably higher concentrations of xanthophylls and beta‐carotene in the liver, adipose tissue and milk than does with the remaining genotypes. However, the differences in the content of the above compounds in milk had no influence on litter weight or the number and rearing rate of kittens. Additionally, RNA expression of the BCO2 gene was found in the mammary tissue of lactating doe and its level was similar to those noted in the liver and adipose tissue.     

Quantitative and descriptive histological aspects of jaguar (Panthera onca Linnaeus, 1758) ear skin as a step towards formation of biobanks

Skin of mammals vulnerable to extinction, such as the jaguar, is used as a source of material in conservation strategies. The composition of skin is not uniform among species, and the ability to distinguish similarities in skin morphology in animal groups is fundamental in the application of skin tissue for use in biobanks. The aim of our study was to evaluate the structure, composition and capacity for culture of ear skin from the yellow and black jaguars. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used, focusing on skin thickness, cell quantification and distribution, collagen density, proliferative activity and viability. Histomorphometrical study of the skin showed a total thickness of 273.2 and 274.6 µm for the yellow and black jaguars, respectively. Melanocytes and fibroblasts were, respectively, 9.7 and 23.0 for the yellow jaguar and 11.3 and 26.8 for the black jaguar. A collagen density of 67.0% and 49.0% was observed for yellow and black jaguars, respectively. Both animals presented a proliferative activity varying between 1.20 and 1.30. All tissues could promote cellular detachment, reaching subconfluence in 10–15 days. This kind of information from histomorphometrical features and cell cultures can be essential for a more targeted application of ear skin cryopreservation in this species, as such information will enable understanding the action of substances on tissues during the conservation process.     

浅谈强化《家畜外科手术学》教学效果的体会

《家畜外科手术学》课程是本科生兽医专业教学的一个重要环节,是提升学生学习兴趣、强化实践操作能力的重要桥梁。提高《家畜外科手术学》的教学质量,对于学生培养基本技能和掌握手术的基本操作技术,具有非常重要的意义。经过多年教学实践,摸索并总结出兴趣+理论+实践的教学方法,取得了良好的教学效果。     

新疆牦牛资源开发利用设想

通过阐述新疆牦牛资源的发展历史、现状及存在的问题,分析发展牦牛业的产品优势和资源优势,明确了以市场为导向、以肉为主导产品,实行科学养畜、产业化养畜,发展现代牦牛业的总体发展战略,并围绕总体思路,建设性地提出了具体的发展措施.结论:合理利用资源,尤其是科学利用牦牛与家牛的杂交理论成果,可大幅提高新疆牛肉产量.     

玉米类型和籽粒成熟期影响秸秆营养成分与活体外消化率的比较研究

本试验以两个高油玉米品种(HOC298和HOC647)、两个普通玉米品种(CAU80和CAU3138)和一个饲料专用玉米品种(FC3)为试验材料,分析比较不同类型玉米和籽粒成熟期(1/2、3/4和4/4乳线期)对玉米秸秆主要营养成分含量和干物质、纤维组分消化率的影响。结果表明:高油玉米秸秆的水溶性糖、淀粉、粗脂肪含量和干物质、N DF、ADF消化率明显高于普通玉米秸秆P(<0.01),而NDFA、DF和木质素含量则低于普通玉米秸秆P(<0.01),饲料专用玉米秸秆的上述指标则介于二者之间。随籽粒成熟度的提高,高油玉米秸秆水溶性糖、淀粉、粗脂肪含量和干物质、NDF消化率呈直线规律提高L(P;<0.01),而NDF、ADF和木质素含量则直线规律下降L(;P<0.001),其中,4/4乳线期的水溶性糖、淀粉含量和干物质消化率分别比l/2乳线期提高26.5倍、2.4倍和22.7%,而NDF、ADF和木质素分别比1/2乳线期减少24.1%、30.6%和38.4%。随籽粒成熟期的延长,普通玉米品种秸秆的水溶性糖、淀粉含量和干物质NDF消化率直线下降L(;P<0.01),而NDF、ADF和木质素含量直线提高L(P;<0.05)。饲料专用玉米秸秆的营养成分和活体外消化率指标介于高油和普通玉米秸秆之间。本试验结果表明,高油玉米秸秆具有营养物质含量高和消化率高的特点,是反刍动物理想的粗饲料和青贮饲料原料。     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染对肉仔鸡粪便水分的影响

采用单因子试验设计法,测定肉仔鸡感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E.tenella)后对粪便中水分变化的影响。试验表明:感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫后,鸡的生产性能受到显著的影响(P<0.05)。粪便中水分含量高于未感染组,感染后4d粪便中水分含量呈上升趋势,研究认为,粪便中水分含量的增加是球虫感染后的鸡的病理性变化的一种生理反映。在临床上,可将鸡粪便中水分含量的变化作为评判鸡感染球虫的参考指标之一。     

对退耕还林工程中种草的探讨

分析种草在退耕还林工程中的重要地位和作用 ,提出退耕种草的草种选择和种植模式 ,并探讨发展草产业的途径和方向     

猪带绦虫TSOL18特异性单克隆抗体的制备及其体外杀虫作用的研究

本研究目的在于制备抗猪带绦虫TSOL18单克隆抗体,并分析单抗对六钩蚴的杀伤作用。采用SephadexG-100纯化在毕赤酵母中表达的猪带绦虫六钩蚴TSOL18蛋白;纯化的蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,运用杂交瘤技术建立能分泌抗TSOL18单克隆抗体的细胞株;通过ELISA叠加试验进行mAb的抗原表位分析;采用间接ELISA法测定TSOL18单克隆抗体特异性及腹水效价;采用抗TSOL18单克隆抗体对激活的猪带绦虫六钩蚴进行体外六钩蚴杀伤试验,观察单抗对猪带绦虫六钩蚴活力的影响。结果成功获得12株稳定分泌抗TSOL18单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,识别2个不同抗原表位,不同抗原表位的2株单克隆抗体腹水效价分别为1×102、1×106。抗体体外六钩蚴杀伤试验结果证明,在有补体的情况下,多抗和单抗作用6 d后,六钩蚴结构模糊,边缘不清晰。表明单抗对六钩蚴有一定的杀伤作用。