The recombinant BGH controversy in the United States: Toward a new consumption politics of food?

The history of the controversy overrecombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH) is exploredin terms of the issue of the potential robustness ofa consumption-driven ``new' politics of food andagriculture. It is noted that while the dominanthistorical traditions in the social sciences haveserved to discount the autonomous role that consumersand consumption play in modern societies, there hasbeen growing interest in consumption within foodstudies as well as other bodies of scholarship such aspostmodernism, social constructivism, socialcapital/social distinction, and environmentalsociology. A review of the shifting pattern ofdiscourses during the rBGH controversy shows thatconsumption-driven claims and politics played atangible, but relatively minor role. Even so, it issuggested that the rBGH experience along with paralleltrends in food politics (e.g., anti-pesticidecampaigns such as the ``Alar scare,' agribusinessattempts to intimidate opponents through fooddisparagement laws, conditions-of-productionprovisions of the World Trade Organization agreement)could make the consumption/consumer dimension of foodpolitics more important in the future.     

农业院校食品微生物学实验教学的探索与实践

为提高学生的微生物基本操作技能,提升学生对食品微生物学的学习兴趣,对农业院校食品微生物学实验教学内容和目标设计进行了探索和实践。通过设置基础实验技术、应用实验技术和安全实验技术3类实验,采用"固定+机动"教学模式,全天开放实验室计划,优化教学团队,引入研究生助理,完善考核体系,促进教学质量的提高。实践表明,课程改革提高了学生的实验操作技能和科研兴趣。     

Community food security: Salience and participation at community level

Community food security (CFS) is an incipient movement based on the re-localization of many food system activities in response to values concerning the social, health, economic, and environmental consequences of the globalizing food system. This study examines the salience of these values based on the action agendas and accomplishments emerging from community planning events in six rural counties of New York, and the nature and type of participation and local support. The study finds a high level of agreement between CFS values as articulated by national leaders in this incipient movement and the action agendas. Further evidence of the salience of these themes is seen in the levels and types of activities and accomplishments taking place 8--12 months after the planning events. However, these follow-through activities appear to have been impeded by a variety of government regulations, uneven levels of support from community organizations and agencies, and a policy environment of fiscal austerity, narrow outcome-oriented accountability, and allocation of agency staff toward special-purpose grants and contracts. Many of these constraints are likely to exist in other communities and are beyond the scope of what community volunteers and practitioners can be expected to address on their own.     

近60年贵州省清镇市耕地变化研究

采用地方统计资料分析黔中清镇市1949~2006年耕地的数量变化、1992~2002年耕地变化的空间差异和耕地坡度分布变化,计算最小人均耕地面积和压力指数,建立初步的粮食安全预警机制。研究表明,1949~2006年清镇市耕地变化的总体趋势是不断减少;1992~2002年相对变化率由靠近市区和贵阳的东南部向西北部递减;耕地分布的坡度有向2°~15°集中的趋势;1973年之后,耕地压力指数保持在大于1的水平,处于粮食安全警戒状态;4种情景模拟的结果表明,未来清镇市耕地压力也难以得到缓解。     

微生物壳聚糖酶的研究及其降解产物壳寡糖在食品领域的应用

介绍了壳聚糖酶的来源、分类及其理化性质,总结了国内外产壳聚糖酶菌株的研究进展,并对其降解产物壳寡糖的生理功能和在食品领域中的应用进行了概述。     

School food environments and the obesity issue: content,structural determinants,and agency in Canadian high schools

To understand the phenomenon of the rapidly increasing prevalence of overweight and obese children and youth, it is especially important to examine the school food environment, the role of structural factors in shaping this environment, and the resulting nutrition and health outcomes. The paper examines research on school food environments in the US and Canada. It notes evidence of widespread availability of poor nutrition products in both environments and delineates reasons for the situation, and examines initiatives presently being undertaken in a number of jurisdictions in both countries to encourage healthy eating in schools. Empirical data are presented from a pilot study of high schools in the Canadian province of Ontario. The study documents the extent of student purchasing of nutrient-poor foods and beverages, and the structural factors internal and external to the school that appear responsible for the availability of such products in food environments in this critical institutional sphere. The paper also examines positive local initiatives in high schools that seek to encourage healthy eating in schools.

粮食安全背景下粮食直接补贴政策的经济学解析

重新审视了以粮食安全为制度设计目标的粮食直接补贴政策,从经济学的视角剖析了当前我国粮食直接补贴政策的缺陷,并针对这些缺陷提出了相关的对策。     

食品质量监管中的合谋博弈分析与对策研究

建立了3层食品供应链中食品安全监管的博弈模型,分析了不同情境下市场参与者博弈的行为和策略选择,并提出了防范食品监管合谋的对策。     

冬小麦节水与粮食安全关系的思考

简要阐述了自20世纪70年代以来河北省小麦生产的发展、小麦节水栽培技术的研究成就和历史沿革及农业对水资源利用的变化等特点。研究表明小麦用水量下降和产量提高呈协同发展变化模式。因此,通过综合节水技术的运用,在水分高效利用的前提下,可使小麦增产,实现节水和粮食安全双赢。     

消费者对转基因食品认知和接受程度的影响因素研究——以武汉市为例

利用对武汉市消费者关于转基因食品认知方面的调查数据,采用二项Logit模型和多分类有序因变量回归模型对转基因食品消费者认知和接受程度的影响因素进行了分析,最后提出了相应的政策性建议。