门机流固耦合与数值风洞的数值仿真模拟

港口向离岸深水化、设备密集化的发展对港口装卸设备的防风能力提出了更高要求,文中以港口门座起重机为对象,对突发强阵风下门座起重机的风场特性、整机风载进行了研究。运用计算流体动力学理论和流固耦合分析方法,分析了强阵风作用下码头前沿流体场的压力和流速分布特征。运用ADINA的流固耦合分析功能,对起重机进行了数值风洞模拟与分析,并对不同工况下起重机各个坐标方向上的风载荷合力以及合力矩进行了量化计算,根据结果对门座起重机的防风方式进行了分析,从而为目前港口起重机的防风安全提供管理策略和理论依据。     

Liquefaction of beech wood in various supercritical alcohols

The liquefaction of Japanese beech (Fagus crenata Blume) was studied with various straight-chain alcohols in subcritical and supercritical states using a batch-type reaction vessel to obtain liquid fuel from lignocellulosics. Under the reaction condition of 270°C, beech wood was liquefied to some extent in all alcohols with about 50%–65% insoluble residue left after treatment for 30min. Under the condition of 350°C, however, more than 90% of wood was decomposed and liquefied in all alcohols. Alcohols with longer alkyl chains liquefied lignocellulosics in shorter reaction times. Because many kinds of alcohols, such as methanol and ethanol, can be produced from biomass, 100% biomass-based liquid fuel can be prepared by supercritical alcohol technology when using such bioalcohols. This study was presented in part at the 55th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kyoto, Japan, March 16–18, 2005     

木材通过亚临界和超临界乙醇萃取的非等温动态转化

在一个半连续实验装置上，采用非等温萃取技术，研究了通过亚临界和超临界乙醇萃取的木材动力态转化，主要考察了压力对木材亚临界和超临界乙醇萃取过程的影响。结果表明：木材主要萃取过程可大致分为两个阶段，第一阶段温度范围为200-280℃，在250℃左右萃取物生成速率有极大值。第二阶段温度范围为280-380℃，在350℃左右萃取物生成速率有极大值，在该阶段同时还生成大量气体。随着压力的增加，木材转化和萃取物产率增加，气体产率减少。压力的影响主要体现在250℃以后。从工程的观点看，通过过程参数如温度和压力的调控，亚临界和超临界萃取工艺可适于木材资源的不同转化途径。     

核桃油超临界CO2流体萃取研究

采用超临界CO2流体萃取技术提取核桃仁中的核桃油,讨论了萃取压力、温度、时间等因素对萃取率的影响.结果表明:当萃取压力25～30 MPa、萃取温度50℃、萃取时间3.5 h时,核桃油萃取率为83.59%,采用该工艺提取的核桃油品质优于压榨法和索氏抽提法所得油脂.     

管道流动实验装置的研制与调试

介绍了一种测试复杂流变体管流实验装置的研制情况，给出了专门标定该装置压力传感器，温度传感器，蠕动泵以及管路内径的方法。经过标定和调试的装置可以测试复杂流体的各种流变特性，同时可以模拟工业管道的各种工况。     

菊苣酸的胃肠道稳定性研究

[目的]研究天然药物紫锥菊中菊苣酸在胃肠道环境下的稳定性。[方法]选择不同pH溶液与大鼠胃肠道内容物溶液，采用HPLC．uV方法，检测菊苣酸在各种溶液中的含量变化。[结果]经过4h的孵育，大鼠大肠内容物和小肠内容物对菊苣酸无显著影响（P〉0．05），而菊苣酸在胃内容物中的降解率为36％。在不同的pH环境中，菊苣酸相对稳定。[结论]菊苣酸在不同pH条件及小肠、大肠内容物中相对稳定，而在胃中有一定程度的降解，推测酶类可能是引起其降解的主要原因。     

一龄鳜鱼种培育试验

为满足规模化养鳜对大规格鱼种的需求，进行了一龄鳜培育试验。在２个１．２亩的池塘里放养夏花鳜鱼种８４００尾，培育９２天，结果育成平均规格６８．５ｇ／尾的一龄鳜鱼种４９３．２ｋｇ，成活率９０％。     

Divergent selection for total fleece weight in Angora rabbits: Correlated responses in wool characteristics

An experiment was carried out to study direct and indirect responses to selection in the Angora rabbit. There were two selection lines, one selected for high fleece weight and the other for low fleece weight. Data from 669 female rabbits born in 1994–2001 and having produced a total of 2923 harvest of wool were analysed to quantify the correlated responses to selection. By 2001, there had been eight cohorts of selection. The correlated responses analysed included compression, resilience, fleece quality traits (bristle and down length, average fibre diameter, comfort factor, bristle diameter) and secondary to primary follicle ratio (S/P). Genetic correlations were obtained by restricted maximum likelihood techniques. In response to selection, a positive difference of 0.92, 0.21 and 0.55 genetic standard deviation were observed for bristle length, comfort factor and S/P, respectively. No correlated response was observed on down length while negative differences of 1.00, 1.31, 0.38 and 0.50 genetic standard deviations were observed for compression, resilience, bristle diameter and average fibre diameter, respectively. Selection for increasing total fleece weight results in an increase of qualitative component traits of wool production in the French Angora rabbit. The quantitative traits were examined in the first (published) part of the paper.     

新型电流变液发动机液压悬置隔振特性

在分析了传统的电流变液悬置的隔振特性以及存在的问题的基础上,设计了一种新型的环形阻尼孔式电流变液悬置,并建立了它的力学和数学模型,利用Matlab/Simulink对其进行仿真计算。研究了通过改变电场强度和环形阻尼孔的结构参数的情况下电流变液悬置的隔振特性,为以后优化电流变悬置结构提供了一定的理论依据。     

汽车防冻液在低温条件下的应用

简要介绍了防冻液的种类、性能及使用注意事项。