毛木耳子实体不同部位组织分离试验研究

为提高毛木耳的分离成功率和分离质量,对毛木耳不同部位组织进行分离试验,结果表明：同一木耳子实体的不同部位菌丝在同一培养基内其生长速度及长势存在着差异,以幼嫩子实体距基部1～3cm处的组织作分离材料分离出的菌丝不仅生长速度快,而且长势旺盛。     

枯草芽孢杆菌B_2种子液发酵条件的研究

采用单因子、双因子及正交试验,对枯草芽孢杆菌B2的培养液组成(碳源、氮源、酵母膏、pH值)及培养条件(装液量与转速)进行了研究,结果表明:以葡萄糖1%,牛肉胨0.8%,酵母膏0.5%及pH 8制成的培养液,装液量100 mL/250 mL锥形瓶,转速140 r/min,培养B236 h为最佳培养条件,在此条件下,活菌数可达2.97×1010cfu/mL,分别是D培养液和NB培养液的2.05倍和52.36倍.     

高粱幼穗离体培养再生体系的建立

6个基因型的高粱幼穗接种于YD10、L2、YLMDS和MS1诱导培养基,结果在MS1培养基上6个基因型的幼穗都诱导出愈伤组织,05DL15A诱导率最高为96.0%,四杂40诱导率最低为27.5%。获得的淡黄色颗粒状愈伤组织分化出不定芽,不定芽高8cm左右转入生根培养基再生植株。     

无柄小叶榕容器育苗轻型基质配方筛选

为确定无柄小叶榕Ficus concinnavar.subsessilis容器苗基质最佳配方,以轻型基质泥炭土、珍珠岩、木屑、稻谷壳等农林废弃物为基本材料,采用单形重心混料设计的试验方法,并用多目标决策综合评价得出,泥炭土（46%）、珍珠岩（27%）和木屑（27%）的比例组成是无柄小叶榕容器苗最为理想的轻型基质配方。     

苦参内生拮抗细菌B36菌株最适发酵条件的研究

为提高拮抗菌株B36发酵生产的菌量和抗菌物质的产率,通过单因子试验和正交试验方法,对其摇床发酵培养基成分及发酵条件进行研究。结果表明,最适宜发酵条件为发酵温度28℃,转速150r·min^-1,接种量20％,初始pH值9．0,在250mL三角瓶的装液量为50mL,发酵36h。最佳培养基组成为葡萄糖2．0％,酵母粉0．5％,大豆粉0．5％,NHaNO3 0．5％,CaCO31．0％。     

蛹虫草培养基碳源和氮源对菌丝生长量的影响

采用菌丝重量法研究了蛹虫草培养基的碳源与氮源,比较了不同碳、氮源品种间的差异,筛选出较佳的碳源与氮源,并对二者的含量进行了研究。结果表明在0~5%之间,菌丝生长量随碳、氮源含量的增加而增加;同时碳氮比的研究也从另一侧面证实了以上结论。     

响应面法优化苏云金杆菌固态发酵培养基

采用Plackett-Burman试验设计法和响应面分析法对基于压力脉动周期刺激的苏云金杆菌固态发酵培养基进行优化。利用SAS软件对以啤酒糟为主要基质的培养基中影响苏云金杆菌毒力效价的主要因子进行了评价,响应面法优化结果表明最适培养基的组分（m/m）为：啤酒糟：玉米粉：豆粕粉：KH2PO4=100:2.19:15.41:0.22。在优化培养基中,生物农药的毒力效价可达到8563IU/mg,验证值与预测值基本相符。     

酒类酒球菌的批式与流加培养特性

在葡萄酒后发酵过程中,酒类酒球菌(Oenococcus oenos)被认为是最主要的苹果酸—乳酸转化微生物,选育并制备价格低廉的优质活性酒类酒球菌菌剂,用于葡萄酒后熟,对葡萄酒的品质改良具有重要意义。通过对酒类酒球菌的培养,考察了不同培养基组成下的批式及流加培养对细胞生长特性的影响。结果表明,3种培养基中,以番茄汁培养基批式培养的菌浓度最大,达到了14×108cfu/mL;ATB培养基次之,为3.3×108cfu/mL;MRS最小,为2.5×108cfu/mL。通过在3种培养基中流加高浓度葡萄糖培养基,来维持培养基的初始糖浓度的批式培养,可以较有效提高细胞培养密度约2倍。     

Development of SCAR markers and a semi-selective medium for the quantification of strains Ach 1-1 and 1113-5, two Aureobasidium pullulans potential biocontrol agents

Aureobasidium pullulans strains Ach 1-1 and 1113-5 are two effective biocontrol agents against Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum on stored apples. In the present work, a monitoring system allowing their identification and quantification was developed. The methodology used consisted of the development of both molecular markers and a semi-selective medium. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was applied to a collection of 15 strains of A. pullulans, including Ach 1-1 and 1113-5. Five specific RAPD fragments were amplified for strain Ach 1-1 and three others for strain 1113-5. Among them, a fragment of 528 bp specific to strain Ach 1-1 (generated with the OPR-13 RAPD primer) and another one of 431 bp specific to strain 1113-5 (amplified with the OPQ-03 RAPD primer) were selected, cloned, sequenced, and used to design sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) primers. Three different SCAR markers were amplified: two specific to strain Ach 1-1 (189 bp and 387 bp) and one specific to strain 1113-5 (431 bp). These SCAR primers can clearly identify strains Ach 1-1 and 1113-5 among 14 strains of A. pullulans and among eight yeast strains commonly present on apple fruit surfaces. Their selectivity was also tested using DNA extracted from epiphytic microflora of the apple surface. As a semi-selective medium, PDA medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L⁻¹ euparen, 1 mg L⁻¹ sumico, 2.5 mg L⁻¹ hygromycin B, 30 mg L⁻¹ streptomycin sulphate, and 1 mg L⁻¹ cycloheximide was selected. It inhibited the development of the air microflora and appeared highly toxic for the epiphytic microflora of apple surface without altering the growth of the targeted strains Ach 1-1 and 1113-5. The combination of the semi-selective medium and SCAR markers provides a valuable monitoring tool to specifically identify and quantify A. pullulans strain Ach 1-1 and strain 1113-5 and could be used in future studies to evaluate their population dynamics under various laboratory and practical conditions.     

石斛兰和秋花独蒜兰种子的原球茎诱导及其生长分化

以石斛兰(Dendrobium nobile)和秋花独蒜兰(Pleion maculate)的干种子为材料,分别于MS、B5和KC液体培养基上诱导原球茎的形成.然后再于MS,KC和B5固体培养基中继续培养并观察其在不同培养基上的生长发育情况.结果表明,两种兰花的种子在B5液体培养基中诱导产生的原球茎最多;秋花独蒜兰原球茎在KC固体培养基上的成活率最高,幼苗生长发育状况最好;石斛兰原球茎在B5固体培养基上的成活率最高,在KC固体培养基上的生长发育状况最好.表明兰花在不同的发育阶段需要的养分不同.因此,根据不同的快繁目标,在兰花的不同生长发育阶段选用合适的培养基,对培养优良单株和建立高效无性繁殖系是非常必要的.