基于最小二乘支持向量机模型预测田面糙率

田面糙率是影响地面灌溉质量的重要参数。基于最小二乘支持向量机建立了两类4个田面糙率预测模型,并进行了验证。结果表明第一类模型预测值(即作物地采用LSSVM-N-I3、裸地采用LSSVM-N-I1,翻耕地采用LSSVM-N-I2)相对误差最大值为9.7%;第二类模型预测值(即LSSVM-N-II模型)相对误差最大值为10.5%,由此可见两类模型都具有较高的预测精度,可以用于田面糙率的预测。     

基于介电特征的苹果霉心病检测方法

针对苹果霉心病无法有效根据外表进行识别,且传统检测方法具有设备复杂、成本高昂等问题,本研究通过采集苹果介电参数构建苹果霉心病检测模型,从而实现简单快速的苹果霉心病无损检测.基于LCR测量仪采集220个苹果的108项介电指标(9个频率下的12项介电指标)作为原始参数,使用数据标准化、主成分分析算法等对数据进行预处理,并利...     

耦合模拟退火优化最小二乘支持向量机的日参照蒸散量模拟计算

针对传统最小二乘支持向量机模型的训练速度慢、不易在线训练、计算量大及参数选择困难等缺陷,提出采用耦合模拟退火优化最小二乘支持向量机算法,建立基于耦合模拟退火优化最小二乘支持向量机的参照作物蒸散量预测模型。选取陕西省的榆林、安康和西安气象站监测的1971-2014年气象资料进行模型训练、测试与验证,研究气象监测获取原始数据作为网络输入,参照蒸散量ET0为输出,构建CSA-LSSVM预测模型,并将CSA-LS-SVM预测结果与LSSVM模型及经典ET0模型模拟计算结果进行比较。结果表明,CSA-LS-SVM模型模拟计算精度和总ET0模拟模型都优于LSSVM模型及其他经典模型模拟结果。该研究CSA-LS-SVM模型为陕西地区气象资料缺乏情况下ET0精确计算提供科学依据,为作物需水量的智能决策提供参考。     

基于LS-SVM的小水电站年发电量智能预测模型

针对小水电站年发电量序列的特点,将最小二乘支持向量机(least squares support vector machine,LS-SVM)回归模型引入年发电量预测领域,并给出了相应的过程和算法。与常规基于人工神经网络(artificial neural net-works,ANN)的智能预测方法比较,该模型优点是明显的:①将神经网络迭代学习问题转化为直接求解多元线性方程;②整个训练过程中有且仅有一个全局极值点,确定了预测的稳定性。最后,一个实际的预测例子表明:该模型实现容易、预测准确,适用于小水电站预测。     

基于Lasso和支持向量机的组合预测及其应用

针对Lasso方法与支持向量机两者的联系与各自的优势,给出了基于Lasso与支持向量机的串联型、并联型和嵌入型三种组合预测,并将它们运用到我国粮食价格预测中.实证结果表明,与单一预测方法的预测结果相比,基于Lasso方法与支持向量机的串联型组合预测和嵌入型组合预测具有更高的预测精度.     

基于HOG特征的IKSVM稻瘟病孢子检测

为解决稻瘟病孢子的人工检测过程中主观性强、自动化程度低、效率低等问题,提出一种基于梯度方向直方图特征（HOG特征）的加性交叉核支持向量机（IKSVM）的稻瘟病孢子检测方法。该方法首先利用图像采集系统采集稻瘟病孢子图像,利用Gamma校正法调节图像的对比度,抑制噪声干扰;然后,提取孢子图像的HOG特征作为输入向量,输入到支持向量机中,构建加性交叉核支持向量机分类器;最后,通过训练得到稻瘟病孢子分类器。为测试所提出的HOG/IKSVM方法的综合性能,分别选用HOG/线性SVM方法与HOG/径向基核SVM（HOG/RBF-SVM）方法做对比试验。试验结果表明,HOG/IKSVM的检测率为98.2%,高于HOG/线性SVM方法的79%;在平均检测时间上,HOG/IKSVM方法的平均检测耗时仅为HOG/RBF-SVM方法的1.1%。说明该方法可以进行稻瘟病孢子室内检测识别。     

基于时间序列MODIS的农作物类型空间制图方法

为快速获取大范围种植结构复杂区域的作物种植面积,以MODIS数据为数据源,选择归一化植被指数(Normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI)、增强植被指数(Enhanced vegetation index,EVI)、宽动态植被指数(Wide dynamic range vegetation index,WDRVI)、地表水分指数(Land surface water index,LSWI)、归一化雪被指数(Normalized difference snow index,NDSI)5种特征,结合同步的实地调查样本点,采用支持向量机算法(Support vector machines,SVM)提取黑龙江省主要农作物的种植面积。研究表明,在待选特征中NDVI、EVI与LSWI指数组合取得了最高的分类精度,总体分类精度为74.18%,Kappa系数为0.60;支持向量机算法与最大似然算法、随机森林算法相比,分类精度更优。该方法为在大区域中提取农作物种植面积提供了参考价值。     

西北干旱区生态环境建设支撑体系的构建

西北干旱区的自然环境脆弱性叠加不合理的水土资源开发等人类活动干扰是导致区域生态环境日趋恶化的根本原因,已严重制约社会经济的可持续发展。针对当前生态环境建设实际,提出应在实现水资源可持续利用、建立完善的管理体制及法律体系、调整产业结构、积极推进城镇化进程、大力发展科技教育等方面采取有力措施。以此为重要支撑,恢复与重建受损生态系统,改善区域生态环境,实现环境与经济社会协调发展。     

Comparison of multivariate models and variable selection algorithms for rapid analysis of the chemical composition of field crops

This study evaluates the use of visible and near-infrared spectroscopy for rapid prediction of total carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus concentrations in field crop samples. Two multivariate models (partial least squares regression and support vector machine regression) were compared. In addition, four spectral variable selection algorithms (competitive adaptive reweighted sampling, genetic algorithm, uninformative variable elimination, and variable importance for projection) were applied with support vector machine regression to determine the most accurate predictions. The results showed that support vector machine regression performed better than partial least squares regression for predicting the three chemical compositions. The combination of competitive adaptive reweighted sampling and support vector machine regression outperformed the other models for the predictions of total carbon and total nitrogen with high coefficients of determination of 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. For the determination of total phosphorus, the prediction accuracy of competitive adaptive reweighted sampling was comparable with the best result obtained from genetic algorithm with the coefficients of determination of 0.73 and 0.77, respectively. In conclusion, the support vector machine regression combined with competitive adaptive reweighted sampling has great potential to accurately determine the chemical composition of field crops using the visible and near-infrared spectroscopy.     

Enterprise Information Engineering Model and Its Integrated Support Environment

By analyzing the process of enterprise information engineering construction and intra relationship among information system requirement, business process modeling, application system constructing and project management, one of 4 meta model composed of requirement engineering, process engineering, application system engineering and support engineering is proposed for enterprise information engineering. The developments and applications of the business processes and its application systems are integrated into the same development space and application space. Basing on this, a prototype system composed of requirement modeling environment, business process modeling environment, application system modeling environment, and support engineering environment has been designed and built, which is used for supporting enterprise information engineering constructing. It is valued for the enterprise information engineering construction in our country.