提高大叶榕的大枝扦插成活率的初步探讨

通过不同插穗的直径、扦插时间和ABT生根粉处理等,对大叶榕的大枝扦插成活率进行初步探讨,结果表明:插穗直径在10cm以下的成活率较高,达80%以上,在10cm以上的插穗,扦插成活率仅为67 37%;插穗采集及扦插时间以2月份到3月初为宜。使用ABT6号生根粉能使大叶榕大枝扦插成活率提高约15%。     

台湾爱玉子引种与种植技术

引进台湾不同品系的爱玉子,进行人工栽培,通过人工放爱玉小蜂,形成小蜂生态。     

无花果组织培养再生系统的研究

以无花果展叶腋芽、休眠腋芽、室外嫩茎和水培芽为外植体，通过初始培养获得无菌苗后，选取无菌苗的不同部位作外植体，如茎段、叶片、愈伤组织等，经过诱导培养、分化培养及生根培养，形成再生植株。研究了激素种类及浓度、培养基种类对诱导的影响，提出了无花果的最佳培养条件，并讨论了影响移栽成活的一些因素。     

保护定安“榕树王”以开展旅游研究

文章阐述了海南定安“榕树王”的历史情况及现状,指出“榕树王”发展旅游目前面临的问题,提出保护“榕树王”,用以发展旅游的的建议和措施,为行业工作者提供理论参考和借鉴.     

榕树烂皮病病原及流行原因初步研究

本文首次对引起我省部分城区榕树烂皮病的病原菌进行了分离鉴定，初步认为病原菌为担子菌Septobasidium sp.，同时对该病的发生及流行原因进行了探讨。     

Genetic analysis of Tunisian fig (Ficus carica L.) cultivars using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers

Genetic diversity of forty fig cultivars collected from five regions in Tunisia was investigated using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). A total of 342 reproducible bands amplified with six AFLP primer combinations were obtained. The high percentage of polymorphic bands (%PB) of 97.5 and the resolving power (Rp) collective rate value of 143 were scored. In addition, the polymorphism information content (PIC) values varied from 0.61 to 0.87 with an average of 0.77. Although cluster (UPGMA) and principal components analyses indicate that the cultivars’ clustering made independently both from the geographical origin, horticultural classifications and/or from the sex of trees. In addition, the observed variation suggests considerable differentiation among fig cultivars. The present data supports the common origin of the fig cultivars. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that average Φ_ST value overall loci was 0.026, and the overall distribution pattern of molecular variation indicated that about 97.43% of the total variance was accounted by the within-region variance component. The remaining 2.5% (P < 0.001) of the variation was founded among cultivars of the prospected regions. Our results proved that AFLP markers are useful for germplasm discrimination as well as for investigation of fig patterns variation. The information may be useful to define conservation management program.     

不同基质和激素对地石榴扦插生根的影响

在塑料小拱棚下进行地石榴扦插繁殖试验,研究不同扦插基质和不同生长激素及浓度对地石榴扦插繁殖生根率的影响。试验结果表明：3种不同扦插基质中,1号基质（河沙：泥炭=2：1）的扦插生根率比2号基质（山地红壤：泥炭=2：1）高;5种生长激素中以浓度0．5g／kg的NAA处理效果最好,成活率达92％。扦插繁殖的最佳组合是采用半木质化枝条作插穗,经0．5g／kg浓度NAA处理,在河沙：泥炭=2：1混匀的混合土基质上扦插,应在实践中予以推广应用。     

Effect of Hydrogen Cyanamide on Vegetative Growth,Yield, and Fruit Quality of Fig cv. Zidi in a Warm Production Area

The fig tree (Ficus carica L.) is widely cultivated in the Mediterranean region under warm climates. Fig yield is governed by the previous crop load and is strongly dependent on shoot length. Special cultural practices are required to stimulate new vegetative growth that will ensure regular and high productivity. The present study focused on the use of the rest breaking agent hydrogen cyanamide (HC) as Dormex to enhance vegetative growth, which influences the yield. A field trial was held in northern Tunisia (36° 49′ N; 9° 48′ E) on mature fig trees cv. Zidi. In reference to untreated trees as control, two hydrogen cyanamide treatments at 1% and 1.5% HC were considered. Bud break rate, vegetative growth, starch content of shoots, yield, and fruit characteristics were assessed. Results indicated that 1.5% HC significantly increased shoot length, fruit number per shoot, and yield. It advanced bud break by 10 days and fruit ripening by 7 days compared to the control. However, leaf number, leaf area, and starch content seem to be unaffected by hydrogen cyanamide treatments. Regarding fruit quality, a 1.5% HC dose significantly increased dry matter content, while fruit diameter and total soluble solids remain unaffected. In conclusion, hydrogen cyanamide could be used under warm conditions to improve vegetative growth of fig trees cv. Zidi and consequently fig productivity. Application of 1.5% HC 40 days before bud break was the most effective in increasing shoot length and yield.     

聚果榕果内种子季节变化与聚果榕小蜂活动的关系

聚果榕与聚果榕小蜂有着种间专一的互惠共生关系。榕小蜂进聚果榕果内 ,结果表现为 2方面 :1)对长柱小花传粉受精后产生榕树种子 ,使聚果榕能正常进行有性繁殖 ;2 )在短柱花内产卵形成瘿花 ,产生榕小蜂后代 ,植食性 ,最后发育为聚果榕小蜂 ,并作为榕树传粉的媒体。对西双版纳地区 2个样地内不同季节的聚果榕果进行了 3年的连续解剖观察 ,统计了雄花期榕果内瘿花、种子、败育花的数量 ,比较了 3年中旱季和雨季各种小花的比率。结果表明 :不同季节 ,各种小花的比率不同。旱季的 1月和 11月 ,聚果榕产生的种子量最多 ,雨季末期的 9— 10月份次之 ,产生种子量最低的是 3月份。旱季和雨季 ,瘿花的寄生比率没有显著差异 ,但不同月份之间差别较大 ,寄生率最高在旱季的 1月份和雨季初期 5月份 ,最低是在 3月份。长花柱雌花和短花柱雌花的败育率 ,在气温最低的月份 (1— 2月 )和雨量最多的月份 (7— 8月 )结的榕果内最高 ,在雨季初期 (5月 )和旱季初期 (11月 )结的榕果内最低。造成聚果榕果小花败育的主要因素是低温、多雨的气候。除聚果榕小蜂外 ,榕果内还有造瘿类和重寄生 2类非传粉小蜂 ,它们对聚果榕的种子形成具有一定的影响。     

化学预处理对薜荔种子发芽的影响

研究不同浓度的HNO3、KNO3、GA溶液及其不同浓度配比的混合预处理液对薜荔种子发芽的影响。结果表明:不同植株的薜荔种子的各项发芽指标差异显著;适宜浓度的HNO3、KNO3以及GA溶液对薜荔种子发芽均有促进作用,筛选出的最佳组合(HNO3:37.78 mmol/L GA:30 mg/L)可使薜荔种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别为对照组的2.27倍、11.25倍和4.72倍,并使发芽天数缩短到5~6 d。