黑茶加工中微生物作用的研究

六堡茶、普洱茶、茯砖茶等同属黑茶类，传统加工过程中的渥堆发酵是形成黑茶品质特征的关键，上述过程需要微生物参与才使其具有独特品质。本文就黑茶生产过程中的主要微生物种类、微生物分泌的胞外酶及其对黑茶品质形成所起的作用、微生物的安全性进行综述。     

发酵豆粕的生产现状及产品质量评定研究

介绍了国内主要发酵豆粕厂家的生产工艺流程、产品质量评定指标及鉴别方法。     

参数可变自适应遗传算法在军事地形图矢量化中的应用

针对纸制军事地图矢量化问题进行研究，提出一种基于自适应遗传算法的军事地形图矢量化方法，并在生成新的个体后，增加个体修正操作，提高个体的适应度。在该算法中，提出一种即考虑进化代数对算法的影响，又考虑到每代不同个体适应度作用的自适应交叉概率和变异概率。通过与传统方法的实验比较，证明该方法的可用性和有效性。     

不同添加剂对柱花草青贮品质的影响

以热研2号柱花草为原料， 通过直接青贮（CK）、 添加山梨酸（0.2％）、 蔗糖（2％）、 青贮宝（0.1％）等处理， 30 d后测定了柱花草青贮饲料pH值、 乳酸、 乙酸、 丙酸、丁酸等含量并分析其主要营养成分含量。结果表明： 柱花草直接青贮品质较差， 添加山梨酸、 蔗糖、 青贮宝等处理能降低pH值和提高乳酸含量， 添加2％蔗糖能极显著降低pH值(p<0.01)、 提高乳酸含量(p<0.05)， 改善青贮品质， 提高营养价值。     

Bacteriophage OP1, lytic for Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, changes its host range by duplication and deletion of the small domain in the deduced tail fiber gene

The entire genome of bacteriophage OP₁, lytic for Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae causing bacterial leaf blight of rice, and the partial genomes of related phages were sequenced and analyzed. The OP₁ genome comprises double-stranded, 4785-bp long DNA with 51.1% G + C content. Fifty-nine open reading frames (ORFs) were detected. ORF25 had similarity with the tail fiber gene of phages, whose product is related to host specificity. The ORF25 regions were amplified from four host-range mutants (OP_1h, OP_1hC, OP_1h2, and OP_1h2C) by polymerase chain reaction, and their deduced amino acid sequences were compared. Three mutants (OP_1hC, OP_1h2, OP_1h2C) had duplications of a small domain in the N-terminal portion, although there were slight differences in the position of the duplicated sequences. One mutant OP_1h had substituted amino acids in the duplication region. New mutants isolated in the laboratory (OP_1hC and OP_1h2C from OP₁ and OP_1h2) acquired the ability to lyse strain N5874 belonging to phagovar (lysotype) C. However, they rapidly lost this lytic ability when incubated with other phagovars. This loss was always accompanied by a loss of the characteristic repeats, suggesting that the host range of OP₁-related phages changed mainly through duplication and deletion of a small domain in ORF25. The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under the accession numbers AP008979, AB214312 to AB214316     

Research Progress of Epigenetics Modification in the Process of Skeletal Muscle Cell Proliferation and Differentiation

Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue and the main component of muscle in animals.The process of skeletal muscle cell's proliferation and differentiation is the basis of muscle development and it's directly affects the meat production performance of domestic animals.It has been found that epigenetic modification plays an important role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cells.In this study,the effects of epigenetics on skeletal muscle in terms of the effects of DNA methylation on the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cells,the selection and expression of factors regulated by histone acetylation,the regulation of non-coding RNA,and the effects of chromosome remodeling.Research progress in the process of muscle cell proliferation and differentiation,briefly describes the effects of different modification methods and factors on the two processes of skeletal muscle proliferation and differentiation.At the same time,the methods and means used by predecessor in the study of skeletal muscle proliferation and differentiation were reviewed,and then the role of apparent regulatory factors in skeletal muscle growth was analyzed.The purpose was to further explain the important role of epigenetic modification in the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle,enhanced the understanding of the regulation of skeletal muscle proliferation and differentiation,provided a reference path for integration with animal production,and also provided skeletal muscle.Molecular regulation of such as growth and development provided more reference materials.     

灵芝多糖液体发酵条件优化

从一系列灵芝(Ganoderma sp.)菌种中筛选出多糖产量高、生长快的紫灵芝菌株(G.japoncium),研究了不同氮源、碳源及金属离子对紫灵芝产多糖的影响。结果表明,以2%的蔗糖为碳源,0.2%的豆饼粉为氮源,0.2%的FeSO4为培养基可获得较高多糖。发酵罐放大实验表明,采用同样的培养基,每100mL发酵液胞外粗多糖含量可高达181.7mg,每100mL发酵液菌丝体含量可高达151.0mg,发酵过程中pH值的变化比较缓和,相对摇瓶生长,发酵生产可获得更多的灵芝多糖。     

人参总皂苷及其衍生物对小鼠淋巴细胞和NK细胞免疫活性的影响

为了提高人参总皂苷的生物学活性,对其进行了硫酸化修饰,并探讨总皂苷及其衍生物对小鼠脾T、B淋巴细胞增殖（MTT法）和NK细胞杀伤活性（乳酸脱氢酶释放法）的影响。结果表明,2种衍生物质量浓度在50～500 mg/L时可以促进小鼠脾T、B淋巴细胞的分化增殖和NK细胞对YAC-1的杀伤作用,质量浓度较高时促进作用明显优于总皂苷;衍生物质量浓度达到1 400 mg/L时,仍然可以显著促进T淋巴细胞的增殖。试验结果提示,人参皂苷的这种衍生物有可能成为一种毒副作用较小、免疫活性更强的药物。     

蘑菇培养料加入864菌液发酵与二次发酵的效果比较

通过加入８６４菌液发酵和二次发酵栽培蘑菇的试验,比较培养料中微生物群落、培养料成份及产菇量,说明加入８６４菌液发酵是代替二次发酵栽培蘑菇的较好方法。     

Improvement of wood properties by composite of diatomite and “phenol-melamine-formaldehyde” co-condensed resin

We improved the overall performance of fast-growing poplar by utilizing a low-cost, effective and simple method. The fast-growing poplar was modified by a vacuum-pressure impregnation method with three...