复杂背景下甜瓜果实分割算法

为解决复杂背景下甜瓜果实与背景图像分割的问题,该文提出了一种融合颜色特征和纹理特征的图像分割算法。首先,把采集到的甜瓜果实图像从RGB色彩空间分别转换到CIELAB和HSV色彩空间,应用a*b*分量建立角度模型,根据甜瓜果实的颜色特点选取阈值并对图像作二值化处理;为降低光照分布不均匀对图像分割的影响,采用HSV空间的HS颜色分量对果实图像进行阈值分割。在以上2种色彩空间分割的基础上,融合角度模型分割和HS阈值分割的结果,得到基于颜色特征的分割结果。然后,再按照图像的纹理特征对图像进行分割处理,融合按照颜色特征和纹理特征的分割结果。最后,为解决分割结果中的分割误差和边缘毛刺问题,以颜色特征分割的果实区域为限定条件,对按照融合特征分割的果实区域进行约束性区域生长,得到最终的图像分割结果。为了对该文提出算法的分割效果进行检验,采用超绿阈值分割算法和归一化差异指数算法(NDI)对试验图像进行分割,3种算法的平均检出率分别为83.24%、43.12%、99.09%。对比3种分割算法的检出率和误检率,可以看出,该文提出的算法试验结果明显优于超绿阈值分割算法和归一化差异指数(NDI)分割算法。     

数据融合技术在棒材缺陷超声识别中的应用

不同类型的缺陷对不同类型、位置和姿态的超声波换能器的敏感程度不同,数据融合技术可充分利用各种数据的有效特征,提高缺陷识别的可靠度。描述了局部决策和数据融合技术的基本理论,提出了基于后验概率的数据融合方法,以大型棒材锻件缺陷识别为例,通过感知器算法实现了典型缺陷的局部决策自动识别,并通过基于后验概率的数据融合技术提高整体决策的可靠度。     

基于SICK和Kinect的植株点云超限补偿信息融合

针对传统点云信息融合需要限制传感器之间位置以及繁杂标定和Kinect传感器室外工作受光照条件影响会出现目标边缘缺失的问题,提出了基于SICK和Kinect相机组合探测的植株点云超限补偿信息融合方法。首先采用SICK二维激光传感器融合实时行进速度传感器,实现对植株三维点云重构,同时通过Kinect传感器获取植株彩色和深度图像合成彩色点云,然后分别对SICK和Kinect异源点云进行阈值滤波预处理和体素栅格下采样,求取各点法线及快速点特征直方图,利用采样一致性初始配准方法使异源点云之间拥有较好的初始位置关系,再进一步使用ICP算法精确配准,通过近似最近邻搜索和超限补偿的方法完成点云信息融合。在超限补偿方法中,通过对比转换后点云间误差,判断数据有效性,实现对数据的最终融合。试验结果表明,本文方法可以有效、准确地实现不同点云之间的信息融合,并能有效抑制阳光的干扰。     

车辆智能障碍物检测方法及其农业应用研究进展

农业机械自动导航技术的应用可提升作业的精度和安全性,而障碍物检测是其中的重要环节。该文按照传感技术的不同进行分类,从单一传感器检测技术到多传感器融合技术,对车辆智能障碍物检测方法及其农业应用的研究进展进行了综述。其中单一传感器检测技术包括超声波检测技术、激光雷达检测技术和机器视觉检测技术,超声波检测技术受障碍物表面情况影响、激光雷达检测技术成本太高、机器视觉检测技术算法复杂耗时长,均无法满足复杂农田环境需求;多传感器融合技术则可以融合单一检测技术的优点,该文概述了视觉检测技术与激光雷达检测技术融合、视觉技术与超声波技术融合以及融合了深度和彩色图像信息的Kinect传感器检测技术的应用情况。最后,总结现有技术存在的问题,并对未来的研究内容进行了展望,包括新型装置和新算法引入及原有传统方法的改进两个方面。     

物理技术与农业现代化的关系研究

为了进一步加强物理技术在农业现代化中的应用,文章结合物理技术的特点,从提高农作物产量、便于食品加工和储藏、农业监测和预测等方面,简述了物理技术在现代农业生产中的应用;同时,从农业机械化的力学特性、热学特性、电学特性等方面,论述了采用物理技术对提高农业现代化水平的巨大作用。最后针对物理技术在农业上应用前景提出了展望。     

Chinese traditional medicine berberine degrades CML characteristic protein BCR-ABL and its mechanisms

AIM: To investigate the target of Chinese traditional medicine berberine in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and the mechanism of berberine degradating CML characteristic protein BCR-ABL. METHODS: Molecular docking simulation and surface plasma resonance imaging (SPRi) were used to predict and confirm the probability of berberine binding with ABL1. Western blot was used to test the change of BCR-ABL and ubiquitination level before and after berberine treatment at 5 μmol/L for different time (0, 4, 12 and 24 h). The overall ubiquitination level of BCR-ABL was measured by immunoprecipitation. RESULTS: The results of molecular docking and SPRi revealed that berberine directly bound with the SH3-SH2, PTK and F-actin domains of ABL1. The BCR-ABL oncoprotein was degraded after berberine treatment at 5 μmol/L for 4, 12 and 24 h (P<0.05). The anti-flag-BCR-ABL immunoprecipitation revealed that the ubiquitination level of BCR-ABL was increased after berberine treatment. CONCLUSION: Berberine targets and degrades BCR-ABL oncoprotein by increasing ubiquitination level of BCR-ABL.     

影响微生物原生质体融合技术的因素

原生质体融合技术是微生物育种的有效方法之一,包括原生质体制备、原生质体融合、原生质体再生及融合子的分离等主要过程。综述了培养基成分、菌龄、酶的种类及浓度、稳定剂、PEG的分子量、浓度等因素对微生物原生质体制备、融合及再生的影响,并对近年来国内外学者在微生物原生质体融合技术及应用方面所取得的最新进展进行了概括。     

Use of Lithium Metaborate to Determine Total Phosphorus and Other Element Concentrations in Soil,Plant, and Related Materials

Lithium metaborate was examined as an alternative to sodium carbonate for preparing samples for measuring total elements, especially P, by fusion in soil, geological, plant, and other natural organic compounds. The examination also included the effect of two concentrations (0.8 and 3M) of nitric acid used to dissolve the metaborate fusion products as preparation for multiple element analyses by inductively coupled argon plasma atomic emission spectrophotometry (ICP-AES). The three methods compared favorably and were able to reproduce a wide range of element concentration values documented for National Institution of Standards and Technology (NIST) mineral and organic samples. Neither lithium metaborate method measured sulfur (S) acceptably, especially in organic material. The sodium carbonate method traditionally uses sulfuric acid for dissolution, and therefore S measurements cannot be included. Also, sodium (Na) could not be included for the carbonate method. There were detection limit problems for measurement of some elements that are naturally present in small quantities in mineral and organic samples due to relatively low emission intensities for ICP-AES, and the greater sensitivity of ICP-mass spectrometry would be needed. There were only small differences between the two concentrations of nitric acid dissolution after metaborate fusion, but 3 M was adopted for routine use. The metaborate fusion with 3 M nitric acid method performed well on the routine analyses of soil samples. These results show that lithium metaborate is a good alternative to sodium carbonate fusion for the measurement of total P and many other elements (except S) in soil and related materials.     

激光及X射线肉图像同步采集系统设计及实验

提出了一种不规则肉碎骨图像检测方法,设计了一种基于激光三角法以及软X射线技术的肉碎骨图像采集的在线检测系统。该系统由X射线图像采集部分、激光图像采集部分、机械传输部分、PLC控制系统部分和图像处理系统组成。采用小型单元式PLC作为控制核心,检测肉位置和触发激光及X射线采集图像,肉图像采集软件在Visual C#2008环境下结合环境下结合HALCON函数库实现,系统调试运行正常,可实时同步采集肉动态激光图像及X射线图像。利用肉激光图像和X射线图像进行图像融合实验。结果表明,小波算法速度快,融合后的图像失真少,更加接近于原X射线图像,更有利于肉图像碎骨信息的提取。     

Effect of RH-3 Fusion Hybrid on the Immune Function and Intestinal Microlora of Three Buff Chickens

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of RH-3 fusion hybrid of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus on the immune function and intestinal microflora of three buff chickens.96 one-day-old chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 8 chickens per replicate.Chickens in control group were drinking water that had not added the RH-3 fusion hybrid culture;Chickens in the experimental group were drinking water that supplemented with 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% RH-3 fusion hybrid culture, respectively.The whole experiment period was 42 days, including two phases of days 1 to 21 and days 22 to 42.The results showed that compared with the control group, the supplementation of RH-3 fusion hybrid increased the Newcastle disease HI antibody titer, SOD activity, lymphocyte transformation rate in serum and the immune organ index of three buff chickens at days 21 and 42, and the difference was significant of 0.5% level (P<0.05).Compared with the control group, the supplementation of RH-3 fusion hybrid reduced the number of Salmonella and E.coli and increased the number of the Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in jejunum, ileum and cecum of three buff chickens at days 21 and 42, and the difference was significant of 0.5% level (P<0.05).In summary, RH-3 fusion hybrid could improve the immune function and regulate the intestinal microflora of three buff chickens, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, but the effects showed a downward trend with the increasing of the amount of RH-3 fusion hybrid.So the adding amount of RH-3 fusion hybrid in the drinking water of three buff chickens was suggested as 0.5% under this experimental condition.