甘蓝型油菜黄籽双低核不育系168A的选育与应用

168A是利用"油研10号"中的"不育株(Y10A)"与"双低油菜品系H6(R31×中双4号)"为材料,运用杂交改造的方法育成的甘蓝型油菜双低核不育两型系。该不育系品质好,芥酸含量0.4%,硫苷含量20.27μmol/g,含油量41.24%;育性稳定、恢复谱广,经济性状优良,易测配出黄籽型优质组合;繁殖、制种产量高,有利于产业化开发。     

玉米自交系叶片水分利用效率差异性及其生理变化

为选育抗旱性强、耗水少、水分利用效率高的品种.以22个玉米自交系为材料,采取正常灌溉和适度水分胁迫处理,对自交系叶片水分利用效率(WUE)、光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、相对叶绿素值( SPAD)和荧光动力学参数进行研究.结果表明,不同自交系WUE差异显著,而且对水分的敏...     

Methodology for creating alloplasmic soybean lines by using Glycine tomentella as a maternal parent

Soybean breeders have not exploited the diversity of the 26 wild perennial species of the subgenus Glycine Willd. that are distantly related to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and harbour useful genes. The objective of this study was to develop a methodology for introgressing cytoplasmic and genetic diversity from Glycine tomentella PI 441001 (2n = 78) into cultivated soybean using ‘Dwight’ (2n = 40) as the male parent. Immature seeds (19–21 days post‐pollination) were cultured in vitro to produce F₁ plants (2n = 59). Amphidiploid (2n = 118) plants, induced by colchicine treatment, were vigorous and produced mature pods and seeds after backcrossing with ‘Dwight’. The BC₁ plants (2n = 79) produced mature seeds in crosses with ‘Dwight’. Chromosome numbers in BC₂F₁ plants ranged from 2n = 41–50. From BC₂F₂ to BC₃F₁, the number of plants in parentheses with 2n = 40 (275), 2n = 41 (208), 2n = 42 (80), 2n = 43 (27), 2n = 44 (12) and 2n = 45 (3) were identified. Fertile lines were grown in the field during 2012 and 2013. This is the first report of the successful development of new alloplasmic soybean lines with cytoplasm from G. tomentella.     

A_3超强优势高粱杂交种的选育与探讨

通过几年研究 ,发现了A3胞质雄性不育系小花不败育 ;培育出矮秆、穗大粒多、配合力强、育性又非常稳定的一批A3胞质雄性不育系 ;找到了难以恢复的A3不育系的恢复系 ,初配出了强优势杂交种 ;最后探讨了A3超强优势杂交种的选育途径     

应用低能离子束将抗菌肽ShivaA基因导入恢复系明恢63的研究(简报)

利用低能离子束介导转基因法于 1993年首次获得成功 ,本研究通过这一技术将抗菌肽ShivaA基因导入水稻恢复系明恢6 3成熟胚中 ,经过诱导愈伤和绿苗分化 ,并再生植株 ,经PCR检测分析证明外源基因已整合到再生植株基因组中。     

分子标记辅助选择改良杂交水稻的白叶枯病抗性

分子标记辅助选择技术以其对目标基因快速而精确的选择为回交育种提供了非常有效的工具。华中农业大学作物遗传改良实验室运用分子标记辅助的回交育种方法,将广谱高抗白叶枯病基因Ｚａ２１迅速导入到杂交水稻的两个优良恢复系明灰６３和６０７８之中,成功地完成了其抗生改良,并通过配组而达到了改良杂交水稻抗性的目的。本研究所运用的分子标记辅助的水稻回交育种程序是：通过一次杂交、二次回交改良杂交水稻抗性的目的。本研究所     

优良玉米自交系鲁原92的选育与应用

鲁原92是利用辐照技术与常规技术相结合选育出的优良玉米自交系,该自交系具有配合力高、抗病、抗旱性好等特点。目前直接或间接利用鲁原92共选育出19个品种,累计推广面积达520万hm2。     

加强内蒙古林草业建设 构筑我国北方生态防线

内蒙古自治区横跨“三北”,邻近北津,境内民族众多,资源丰富,是我国北疆的天然生态屏障。其生态环境直接关系到人民的生存和发展及“三北”地区的生态保护和改善。确保内蒙古经济的持续发展,必须保障生态环境建设先行。加强生态环境建设是内蒙古最大的基础建设。目前,内蒙古局部的生态环境治理成线卓然,但全局仍在恶化。作为生态防线重要组成部分的林草业,存在着资源不均、对资源利用不合理、破坏严重及种苗和种子工作滞后等诸多问题。本文立足内蒙古林草业发展战略,提出了林业和草业是生态环境建设的主体,林草业建设要统筹兼顾,突出重点,解决好“一带两河三源四山五区六大工程”,抓好种苗和种子工程,加大科技转换,示范和推广工作,增强科技支撑能力,培训人员,实施“软硬”件配套,构筑我国北方生态防线的基本思路。     

高梁不育系Tx3197A减数分裂中染色体行为

以Ｔｘ３１９７Ｂ和晋粱５号为对照，对Ｔｘ３１９７Ａ进行了观察。结果发现，减数分裂前期Ⅰ和中期Ⅰ无明显异常。自后期Ⅰ开始，染色体行为出现了多类型的异常现象，导致减数分裂不能正常进行，无法形成花粉粒，从而产生雄性不育。     

Mapping QTL controlling soybean seed sucrose and oligosaccharides in a single family of soybean nested association mapping (SoyNAM) population

The meal value of Soybean for monogastric animals is determined partly by sucrose, raffinose and stachyose. Of these, sucrose is desirable, while raffinose and stachyose are indigestible, causing flatulence and abdominal discomfort. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling seed sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose in a set of 140 SoyNAM (Nested Association Mapping) recombinant inbred lines (RILs), developed from the cross between lines IA3023 and LD02‐4485. A total of 3,038 SNP markers from the Illumina SoyNAM BeadChip SNP were used to map the QTLs for sucrose and the RFOs, raffinose, and stachyose. Significant genotypic differences (p < .001) among RILs were observed for sucrose, raffinose and stachyose contents across years. A 3038 Illumina SoyNAM BeadChip SNPs identified three QTLs for sucrose, one on chromosome 1, explaining 10% variance and two on chromosome 3 each explaining 22%. Raffinose QTL was detected on chromosome 6, explaining 6% variance. The mapped QTLs were novel and spanned regions harbouring candidate genes with roles in plant growth including seed development.