中美贸易摩擦产生的原因及对策

近年来,随着中美两国产业结构和贸易结构的变化,特别是全球化和信息化的发展,不断有新的行业和产品成为中美贸易摩擦的对象。尽管中美贸易从未因贸易摩擦的影响减速,但激烈的贸易摩擦令人担忧。笔者深入分析了中美贸易摩擦产生的原因,并提出了合理的建议来应对中美贸易摩擦。     

我国图书版权贸易问题与对策分析

主要介绍了我国版权贸易存在的问题,如图书版权进出口持续失衡,逆差现象严重;国内地区对外贸易发展不平衡;图书盗版猖獗;人才缺失等。就此提出了今后几年我国版权贸易的一些建议和对策,包括政府的支持,加强国际间的交流与合作,扩大版权出口,培养版权贸易人才,及推动版权贸易网络化等。     

以农业标准化促进农产品国际贸易的对策探讨

分析了农业标准化在国际贸易中的作用,指出了中国农业标准化存在的问题,并且对如何推广农业标准化促进中国农产品贸易提出了相应对策。     

中国藤及藤制品国际贸易面临的主要问题和政策建议

近年来，藤制品的国际市场价格和全球贸易额不断上升。中国已成为世界上最主要的藤原材料进口国，每年从东南亚国家进口原材料5万～6万t。同时，中国也是世界上最大的藤制品出口国，2004年5种主要藤产品出口额达到1．39亿美元。随着国内资源的短缺，中国藤产业原材料对外依存度越来越大。为了保障中国藤产业的健康发展，文中提出了3点政策性建议：（1）加强国内藤资源培育；（2）建立稳定的国外原材料市场，在国外建立原材料基地；（3）提高资源利用率。     

我国目前家具用材及其发展趋势

家具生产原材料已从全实木时代进入了一个多种替材料与之并存的新时代。同时绿色的家居环境也要求生产“绿色家具”，随着人造板工业的发展，中密度纤维板、刨花板、集成材、人造薄木等材料将成为家具制造的主要原材料。     

Technical efficiency in the spice based agroforestry sector in Matale district, Sri Lanka

Spices constitute an important sub-sector of the economy of Sri Lanka. Most perennial spices are cultivated in agroforestry types of farming systems. A field survey was conducted covering 127 agroforestry farmers in six divisional secretariats in Matale district during the period of October to December 2002. Technical efficiency of spice based agroforestry systems was estimated in order to identify the potential increase in production without incurring additional costs for farm inputs. The factors affecting technical efficiency and constraints and potential of the agroforestry system were also investigated. According to a stochastic frontier production function using a Cobb–Douglas model, hired labour, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, land size, and soil conservation measures showed significant positive effects on the agroforestry production. The mean technical efficiency of the spice based agroforestry systems was 84.32%. According to the inefficiency model the efficiency increased significantly as a result of farm visits by extension officers, participation in farmer training, less sloping lands, more experience, and higher diversity of the agroforestry system. Technical efficiency decreased, however, with higher education level of the farmer and with higher off-farm income. Unsustainability of the agroforestry system is seen as a result of a␣range of constraints related to productivity, market, technology and institutions.     

树木盆景无土培育技术探讨

通过采用6种基质，栽培7种树桩盆景，并对结果进行分析。结果表明：a1、a2长势最好，可作树桩盆景无性繁殖的基质，也是树木盆景上盆、换盆的好基质，用其栽培的树木盆景病虫少，能达到出境要求；a3、a4、a5只是盆景繁育的基质，用其培育的盆景若在出口前3－5个月换成a1或a2也能达到出境要求；a6是花卉、蔬菜无土培育液体基质，在中小型盆景中也有运用，在大型盆景中因难以固定而较少使用。     

Tropical Timber Trade Flows in P.R. China

The historical transition of timber distribution pattern in China was presented firstly with main parts of timber flows in China, which included timber markets, timber transport system and regulations of timber transport. Based on the overview on tropical timber flows in China, the trade flows of tropical timber from production and imports of tropical timber to export of tropical timber products were analyzed by vivid illustrations. At the same time, problems in timber trade flows in China were analysed in the end.     

地方特色植物在昆明的适应性调查研究

通过世博园中国园区在设计及建设中地方特色植物的应用分析，得出了地方特色植物在造园时均受到重视的结论，并实际调查造园植物的生长状况，初步掌握各省区地方特色植物在昆明的适应性。经植物区系分析，探讨地方特色植物的异地利用问题，为昆明园林建设中观赏植物的应用提供借鉴和参考。     

China's role in the global forest sector: how will the US recovery and a diminished Chinese demand influence global wood markets?

Over the last decade, while the size of China's economy more than doubled, China has simultaneously become a major producer and exporter of forest products. Although China's domestic supply of wood is significantly constrained both by a limited natural supply and by conservation-oriented policies, the country is increasingly regarded as the world's “wood workshop.” Furthermore, China is the largest driver of demand for the trade in tropical logs and is becoming a significant driver of demand for trade in coniferous logs. In this paper, we describe a spatial equilibrium model adapted to study forest sector markets and policies that affect them. We present the model and the result of two alternative future scenarios. The first scenario analyzes the impact on global forest products markets of a US recovery in wood markets. The second scenario examines the effect on global forest products markets of decelerating growth in Chinese demand for wood products. Through these two scenarios, the modeling output sheds light on the role China's wood products markets have on resource supply and trade around the world. The trade model shows substantial potential changes in global prices, production, and trade activity associated with the recovery in domestic demand in the USA.