自然保护区内毛竹竹鞭的动态生长研究

对天目山自然保护区内的毛竹竹鞭进行了为期1年的动态生长跟踪试验研究。结果表明,毛竹竹鞭的年生长量进程表现出＂慢-快-慢＂的节律,鞭梢直径的生长进程与之基本一致;7～9月为竹鞭速生期,也是其最佳生长时期。水平方向上,竹鞭的延伸方向以＂向前＂为主,极少发生转弯现象;垂直方向上,竹鞭的延伸方向以＂向下＂为主,＂平行＂生长也较多发生。毛竹属典型的浅根竹种,竹鞭分布范围为0～50 cm土层,主要分布在0～20 cm土层。     

膨胀干燥工序对烤烟梗丝特性的影响

按照行业标准或国家标准方法对梗丝各特性进行分析,研究了膨胀干燥工序对烤烟梗丝的填充值、pH值、常规化学成分以及其制品的烟气指标等特性的影响。结果表明：梗丝的填充值均增加,pH值保持不变;常规化学成分中,总氮变化最明显,总糖、还原糖、总植物碱和氯变化不明显;在保持梗丝制品烟支恒重的条件下,各烟气指标均下降,其中总粒相物、焦油、烟气烟碱下降幅度较大,大于15%,而CO含量下降幅度小于10%。     

Spatiotemporal dynamic of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Slovenia, 1970–2005

Based on data acquired from the spatial information system Silva-SI, the majority of the entire forest area in Slovenia (22,220 forest compartments with a total area of 7446 km², classified into eight forest categories) was analysed for changes in the distribution of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in the period 1975–2005 using a binary logistic regression model in terms of selected site, stand and management variables. Additionally, changes in the abundance of beech in forest stands in which beech was present at the beginning and the end of the analysed period were analysed. Beech expanded its area by more than 1200 ha per year on average, i.e. the annual expansion rate amounted to 0.24%. Among the 18 studied variables, three site, four stand and no management variables were included in the binary logistic regression model of beech expansion. Beech expansion was more pronounced at lower altitudes, on sites with steep topography, and on sites with a higher proportion of beech in potential natural vegetation. The probability of beech expansion reduced by a factor of 0.54 when the distance to the nearest compartment with beech increased by 1 km. Among other stand variables, the proportion of early successional phases and the proportion of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) also influenced the expansion of beech. During the observed period the growing stock of beech almost doubled, its proportion in total growing stock increasing from 27% to 32%. Significant differences were found in changes of beech proportion in the total growing stock among different forest categories; a decrease in the beech proportion was registered in alpine coniferous forests and thermophilous deciduous forests, while in other forest categories the proportion of beech increased. The recent development of forest stands and their current structure indicate a further expansion of beech and an increase in the proportion of beech in forest stands.     

不同苦荞资源的理化特性研究

[目的]筛选保健功能较好的荞麦资源。[方法]35份荞麦资源为试验材料,测定了其籽粒的持水力和膨胀力。[结果]35份苦荞材料的持水力的变化幅度在248.5%～341.4%之间,平均值为283.0%,以T324的持水力最高;膨胀力变化幅度在0.50-1.50ml/g,平均值为1.05ml/g,以T463的膨胀力最大。[结论]为筛选优质营养品种及进行大面积推广提供了理论依据。     

The recycling of brewer's processing by-product into ready-to-eat snacks using extrusion technology

Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is the main by-product of the brewing industry. The incorporation of BSG into ready-to-eat expanded products and its effects on the textural and functional properties of extrudates have been studied. Dried and milled BSG at levels of 10–30% was added to the formulation mix made of wheat flour, corn starch and other ingredients. The results obtained from the analysis of the extrudates are discussed in terms of the interaction between the ingredients and effects of processing conditions. The samples were processed in a twin-screw extruder with a combination of parameters including constant feeding rate of 25 kg/h, process temperatures 80–120 °C and screw speeds of 150–350 rpm. Pressure, torque and material temperature during extrusion were recorded. The extrudate properties of nutritional and textural characteristics were measured. Image technique investigations provided useful information on internal structure of the extruded products, total cell area, and their contribution to the appearance and texture. It was found that addition of BSG significantly increased protein content, phytic acid and bulk density, decreased sectional expansion index, individual area and total area of the cells. The higher level of BSG resulted in cells with thicker walls with a rougher surface.     

日光温室温度对番茄叶面积扩展的影响

研究了日光温室内温度对番茄叶面积扩展的影响.通过破坏性取样观测确定了采用长宽法计算叶面积的系数R,当叶长≤20 cm时,R=0.378 2;当叶长＞20 cm时,R=0.318 4,其模拟值与实测值的相关系数达0.950 2.试验还表明:番茄叶片生长具有前期和后期扩展速度慢,中期扩展速度快的特点;随着温度升高或降低,叶面积扩展量也随之增大或减小;并且成熟叶片的叶面积也随之增大或减小;温度变化对叶面积扩展的影响存在滞后性;冬季低温可降低番茄叶片的干物质含量;温度降低,还可促使比叶面积减小,反之比叶面积增大.     

关于兔膨胀病防治的探讨

兔膨胀病是家兔许多疾病过程的一个综合症状,为腹部胀大,时而发生哀叫。从饲料、管理、胃肠活力、球虫感染、应激等方面探讨了引起兔膨胀病的病因,并提出了防治措施。     

村庄规模的扩大及其意义

对我国村庄的历史、现状和未来趋势进行论述，探讨了当前工业化、城镇化、农业产业化背景下村庄规划建设存在的问题，据此提出扩大村庄规模具有非凡意义。     

模拟台风雨对柑桔果实膨大及其生理的影响

以人工气候室模拟台风中大气水蒸气压亏（ＶＰＤ）骤降，发现朱砂桔叶水势上升幅度大于果水势，叶果间水势差增大，致使水分向果分配，但效应短暂，而复水增加土壤水分对果膨大生长的影响更为明显和持久。控水期间果内渗透调节启动，同时叶从果中抽取更多水分也使果水势下降，复水后胁迫果的水势明显低于叶水势，使膨大生长更明显。“台风”引发的膨大生长包含被动和主动两种吸水机理，而以前者为主。模拟台风与自然台风不同，未能引起乙烯发生量加大，但引起酸性转化酶和三磷酸腺苷酶（ＡＴＰａｓｅ）活性上升，有助于同化产物积累和渗透吸水及需能代谢增强。     

单片机串行口的扩展研究

在以单片机为核心的系统当中,串行通讯是经常用到的通讯方式,MCS-51系列单片机的串行通信口只有一个,若实现与多个外围设备串行的连接,必须对其串行口进行扩展。本设计使用串行口扩展芯片GM8125将AT89C52的串行口扩展成5个子串行口,并在单通道和多通道模式下实现了它们之间的通讯。