公共管理哲学视域下的主体性消融及其路径

公共管理哲学要解决的核心问题是通过有效管理或曰善治，以激发被管理者的良情善意，并促成被管理者走向自我管理，其最高境界是实现主体性的科学消融，把“小我”消融在“大我”中，以达到“忘我”和“无我”状态。实现主体性的科学消融，以公共管理哲学为视域，有三个路径：从本体论看，其逻辑起点是做到“我”的主体澄明；从认识论看，其关键举措是大力发展“审丑”思维，以此破除“我”的逆向固化；从价值论看，其根本要求是找到“以人民为中心”的唯物主义信仰，把“小我”消融在“大我”的真理力量和人格力量中。     

Organizing Data in Arable Farming: Towards an Ontology of Processing Potato

Arable farmers and their suppliers, consultants and procurers are increasingly dealing with gathering and processing of large amounts of data. Data sources are related to mandatory and voluntary registration (certification, tracing and tracking, quality control). Besides data collected for registration purposes, decision support systems for strategic, tactical and operational tasks yield enormous amounts of mainly digital information. Data of similar nature but with often varying definitions are collected and processed separately for different purposes. This paper describes for an important arable crop – the processing potato – which data requirements and flows exist at present and how they could possibly be described in a unifying ontology. An ontology describes the concepts, attributes and relations in a specific knowledge domain using a standardized representation language. Important concepts in this domain are for example crop, parcel, soil, treatment and farm. The ontology – once elaborated – will reduce the overlap between information models and helps to overcome the problem of data definition and representation. It is a key element for the development of systems that can automatically learn either with the help of expert knowledge or through adequate numerical techniques.     

Application domain ontology to the construction of FDI effect evaluation system model

As a semantic foundation, ontology is extensively applied in areas such as information retrieval, artificial intelligence, semantic web and knowledge management and so on. This study adopts the ideas of reuse in software system model to combine the construction of an evaluation system and ontology against the static drawbacks in current construction of an evaluation system. It takes advantage of the concepts in domain ontology to make a domain stipulation and model mapping. Besides, it is the first time to apply the concepts to the construction of FDI evaluation system. It has important significance for socio-economic areas and it provides exploratory methods and routes for how component library can be reasonably adaptive and assemble the required components.     

基于本体的农业信息系统应用集成平台的研究

在已有的研究成果基础上,采用混合本体系统将农业领域的各种信息系统有机集成一起,通过本体的互操作,实现异构系统之间的数据和知识共享,建立一个基于本体的农业信息系统应用集成平台模型。     

基于本体的小麦病虫害问答系统构建与实现

为了能够及时、方便地解决农民在小麦种植过程中遇到的病虫害问题,研究并设计了一个关于小麦病虫害问题的自动问答系统。首先,将小麦的病虫害知识进行资源整合,在领域专家指导下构建小麦病虫害本体,将其作为问答系统的知识库。然后,利用自然语言处理相关技术对用户提出的问题进行分析并找到相应答案返回给用户。该系统操作方便,对小麦病虫害预防有重要作用。     

Product knowledge documents retrieval based on hybrid semantic model

An approach based on hybrid semantic model (HSM) was proposed to the solve problem raised in the retrieval process of product knowledge documentation. It expands the traditional user query to a semantic set composed of user preference, context and query, while representing the knowledge documents and user interest with an ontology based fuzzy concept. The leaves in the ontology are selected as components of the document concept vector with the weight determined by the depth of the concept in the ontology graph, the quantity of the information contained, and occurrence in the document and the whole repository. Furthermore, ontology is used to express context and query, and to construct a user preference model. Different relevancy computation methods are adopted for different retrieval models. The semantic similarity between query or user preference and documentation is computed by cosine method. The semantic similarity of context is estimated by the concept distance in the concept hierarchy. Finally, the method is shown by experimentation to be more effective than the classic vector space method.     

一种基于领域本体的课件自动生成方法

课件在多媒体教学中发挥着重要的作用。对目前课件制作模式进行研究,发现目前课件的制作主要依赖人工制作,对于课件自动生成方法研究甚少。本文提出一种基于领域本体的课件自动生成的方法,利用课程教学大纲和教材的领域本体自动把教材转换为课件。详细描述课件自动生成模型和课件自动生成过程并对关键实现技术进行研究。基于领域本体自动生成课件,一方面可实现领域本体的重用,另一方面也可减轻教师制作课件的工作量,并且课件内容可随着领域本体的自动更新而更新,从而实现课件自动更新。     

基于本体的作物系统模拟框架构建研究

 【目的】研究作物系统模拟框架（CSSF）可以为构建作物生长模型及设计可重用的作物系统模拟软件提供基础框架。【方法】将本体技术应用于作物模拟模型领域,以作物生长的基础生理生态过程为主线,基于仿真本体和作物模拟本体,综合分析与提炼稻麦棉油等作物的建模流程、生长模拟模型算法及模型参数中的共性概念及概念之间的相互关系,构建了CSSF。【结果】CSSF包括作物建模外部知识框架（CMOKF）和作物模型内部知识框架（CMIKF）,其中CMOKF提炼了作物系统受时间、空间和自然环境共同驱动的共享特征,CMIKF描述了生育期、生物量积累、干物质分配与产量形成、器官建成、作物-土壤水分动态和养分平衡等作物模型组分与模型算法的共性特征。【结论】CSSF实现了作物建模概念、流程、结构和方法的知识级共享,对设计可重用的作物模型软件体系结构具有指导作用。     

基于本体的茶虫害诊断系统构建的研究

本文简单介绍了本体的基本概念及其组成结构,详细阐述了使用本体开发工具Protégé构建茶叶病虫害领域本体的方法。针对茶虫害领域知识的特点,本文采用生物分类法与完整的公理系统相结合的方法,清晰的体现了茶虫害领域知识的层次结构,并且有利于本体在诊断系统中的检索、推理等应用。