泽漆对小麦的为害损失及经济阈值研究

为明确泽漆的发生对小麦产量及其构成因素的影响,人工接种结合田间自然出草进行泽漆不同密度对小麦为害损失试验。１９９５－１９９６年研究结果表明,泽漆发生密度和小麦产量及穗数损失率的最佳数学模型均直线函数关系,方程分别为：Ｙ＝－０．３９１８＋１．５１９Ｘ,Ｙ１＝２．２３２＋１．５５３Ｘ。泽漆的发生为害对小麦穗粒数、千粒重的影响不显著。经济阈值计算结果表明,用使它隆进行防除,泽漆发生密度达３．０株／ｍ＾３     

3种园林植物根结线虫胚胎发育研究

详细描述了３种园林植物根结线虫胚胎发育各时期的过程和形态变化在２８０℃时红背桂南方根结线虫（Ｍｅｌｏｉｄｏｇｙｎｅｉｎｃｏｇｎｉｔａ）、马缨丹花生根结线虫（Ｍ．ａｒｅｎａｒｉａ）和洋紫苏爪哇根结线虫（Ｍ．ｊａｖａｎｉｃａ）完成胚胎发育所需时间分别为１２７、１１４和８５ｄ试验表明,温度和孵育液对根结线虫胚胎发育均有一定的影响     

中药材续随子病害的调查与室内药剂毒力测定

对贵州省中药材续随子病害进行了调查和病原鉴定.结果表明:续随子立枯病痛原由镰刀茵引起.对其选用了4种杀菌剂进行室内活性测定,其中,3%广枯灵AS对续随子立枯病茵丝生长的抑制活性最强,500μg/mL.时抑制率为96%,EC60值为20.5μg/mL.     

一品红叶片愈伤组织诱导及腋芽的增殖

以一品红叶片和腋芽为外植体进行了愈伤组织诱导和腋芽增殖的研究,结果表明,叶片愈伤组织诱导的最佳培养基为MS+KT 1.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L+2,4-D 0.5 mg/L;腋芽增殖的较佳培养基为MS+TDZ 0.5 mg/L+KT 0 mg/L+NAA 0 mg/L;试管苗生根的最佳培养基为MS+NAA 1.0 mg/L+IBA 0.5 mg/L。     

绿玉树诱变材料的抗寒性比较

本文对绿玉树经不同诱变途径获得的材料进行了抗寒性研究,通过观察其形态结构、叶绿体、线粒体等超微结构及测定膜的透性变化,了解绿玉树形态结构、细胞结构与抗寒性之间的关系.结果表明：低温处理会使植物在形态及细胞结构上发生相应的变化;经^60Co-γ辐射或EMS诱变处理后用HYP筛选出的突变体和经秋水仙碱处理获得的多倍体的抗寒性较强.这对抗寒性育种有一定参考价值.     

一品红亚属杂草DNA条形码的筛选研究

为筛选可用于一品红亚属植物鉴定的DNA条形码序列,通过比较ITS、ITS2、trn H-psb A、rbc L、ndh F的种内和种间变异,进行Barcoding gap检验和鉴定成功率分析。结果表明:ITS、ITS2和trn H-psb A的种内种间变异数据显示明显好于rbc L、ndh F。在Barcoding gap检验和鉴定效率分析方面,trn H-psb A明显好于其他4个区域,但该区域也存在一些明显的缺点。而ITS2与ndh F的组合序列,明显好于其单条序列,有望成为一品红亚属植物DNA条形码序列。     

乳浆大戟提取物的杀虫抑菌活性研究

生物农药开发前景广阔,乳浆大戟作为一种中草药,分布广、资源丰富,可利用其自身的毒性开发生物农药。以75%乙醇加热萃取法提取乳浆大戟中的活性成分,进行了杀虫抑菌生物活性试验,为乳浆大戟开发为新型生物农药提供科学依据。试验结果表明：提取物对果蝇及桃蚜具有良好的毒杀活性,提取物对果蝇的半致死量LC50为75.51 mg/mL,果蝇死亡率与提取物浓度呈正相关,对桃蚜毒性的半致死量LC50为9.35 mg/mL,当提取物浓度为50 mg/mL时对桃蚜的校正死亡率为85.59%;提取物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌以及枯草芽孢杆菌均有一定的抑菌作用,其中对枯草芽孢杆菌抑制作用较强,最大抑菌圈直径为1.53 cm;25 mg/mL的提取物对玉米大斑病菌落扩展有明显抑制作用,抑菌率45.28%,对盆栽玉米苗大斑病的防治效果为36.63%。     

Chemical management of weeds in corn hybrids

Corn stands out among the cultivars because of its high importance in food, animal feed and raw materials for energy production. The quantity and quality of the harvested grain can be reduced, mainly due to inadequate weed management. Nowadays, weed control is accomplished with the use of herbicides as pre‐emergence and postemergence, applied alone or in a tank mix. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the control of weeds and phytotoxicity of the herbicides that were applied in tank mix or isolated in the corn hybrids, Formula TL® and SYN 7B28 . Two experiments were conducted: in the 2012/2013 season (Formula TL®) and 2013/2014 season (SYN 7B28). There was a low initial phytotoxicity of all the tested herbicides in the initial evaluation; however, from 14 days after treatment, it was minimal. The weed control of Ipomoea indivisa, Urochloa plantaginea and Euphorbia heterophylla in both experiments was better, in general, when using the tank mixtures of atrazine + simazine + tembotrione and atrazine + simazine + mesotrione, respectively. The application of atrazine + simazine + tembotrione in the SYN 7B28 hybrids provided, with the exception of the thousand‐grain weight, the best expression of grain yield components, combining a low phytotoxicity and best control of the weeds. The Formula TL® hybrid presented the highest mass of a thousand grains and yield with the application of nicosulfuron + tembotrione. The yield average difference of the herbicide treatments and the unweeded control showed an increase of 27.66 and 34.59% in the grain yield of the corn hybrids, Formula TL® and SYN 7B28, respectively.     

Effect of applying calcium chloride and three milk supplements to poinsettia ‘Prestige Red’

Some poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch) cultivars are susceptible to bract calcium (Ca) deficiency in developing bracts. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of foliar uptake of Ca from milk-based products plus calcium chloride (CaCl₂) as a potential Ca source. Weekly foliar applications of 237 mL L^?1 whole milk, 80 mL L^?1 powdered milk, 30 mL L^?1 condensed milk, 0.94 g L^?1 CaCl₂, or distilled water (used as a control) were applied to runoff of ‘Prestige Red’ for four weeks. The four largest bracts with petioles on three different inflorescences and three leaves with petioles below the transitional leaf per inflorescence were collected per pot. None of the treatments affected bract or leaf Ca concentration. Powdered milk treatments resulted in a higher concentration of zinc (Zn) in bracts and aluminum (Al) in bracts and leaves. White residue remained on the bracts and leaves after treatment with powdered milk, which would reduce marketability.     

绿玉树茎段组织培养再生体系的建立

[目的]研究绿玉树茎段组织培养再生苗的条件,确定各培养阶段的最佳培养条件,为绿玉树组培苗工厂化生产和相关研究提供参考。[方法]以绿玉树茎段作为外植体试验材料,研究了不同培养基对萌芽率、增殖倍数、生根率的影响。[结果]萌芽培养最佳的诱导培养基为1／2MS＋O．02mg／LNAA＋1．00mg／L6-BA,分化率为89．7％;继代培养最佳培养基为1／2MS＋O．02mg／LNAA＋O．60mg／L6-BA＋3．00mg／LAD,增殖倍数为5．70;生根培养最佳培养基为1／2MS＋0．40mg／LNAA＋0．40mg／LIBA,生根率达100％,移栽成活率达80％。[结论]初步确定了绿玉树茎段组织培养的生长条件。