薄荷和泽漆提取液对稻曲病菌的离体抑制作用

分别用薄荷和泽漆提取液对稻曲病菌进行离体抑菌活性研究。结果表明，薄荷提取液对病菌的抑制效果较好，在10％浓度下对厚垣孢子和分生孢子的抑制达100％，而泽漆提取液的抑制率分别为14．79％和7．23％。此外，薄荷提取液还能显著抑制菌丝生长，引致菌落发生变异。本研究为开发防治稻曲病的植物源农药奠定了基础。     

狼毒乙素对水稻稻瘟病菌的室内毒力测定

通过室内毒力测定表明,狼毒乙素对水稻稻瘟病菌的EC50值为86.959μg/ml,狼毒乙素对水稻稻瘟病菌的抑制效果较好。     

一品红组织培养技术研究

一品红组织培养以花轴序、叶片或顶芽、腋芽为外殖体，在MS BA2．0mg／L NAA0．50nm／L 蔗糖30g/L 琼脂5g/L CH70mg／L pH5．8的培养基上进行初代培养后转接到MS BA0．5 NAA0．20 蔗糖30g／L 琼脂5g／L。 pH5．8的培养基上扩繁，增殖率为13．1，丛生芽分化快；生长速度快，将2cm左右嫩梢剪下接种在1．／2MS NAA0．1 蔗糖15g/L 琼脂5mg／L pH5．8的培养基上诱导生根，10d左右即可生根。一品红组培苗生根与继代次数关系密切，继代次数10次以下，生根率达100％，之后逐渐下降，需要重新建立培养系。试验总结出一品红12个品种组织培养的一整套技术，为一品红工厂化生产提供了技术依据。     

盐分胁迫对4种花卉种子萌发的影响

以黑心菊、金鸡菊、翠菊、蜀葵4种花卉种子为材料,研究不同浓度NaCl和Na2SO4复盐溶液处理下种子及幼苗的耐盐性,并观察其相对发芽率、根长、简易活力指数、综合效应。结果表明:耐盐性最强的是金鸡菊,其耐盐半致死浓度和耐盐极限浓度高达1.4%;其次为翠菊,耐盐半致死浓度为0.6%,耐盐极限浓度为1.2%;耐盐力中等的是蜀葵,其耐盐半致死浓度为0.4%,耐盐极限浓度为1.2%;耐盐性最差的是黑心菊,耐盐半致死浓度为0.4%,耐盐极限浓度为1.0%。简易活力指数可以作为种子萌发期间耐盐性的鉴定指标。     

一品红盆花质量标准的研究

对欧美,中国大陆、中国台湾省等国家和地区已有的盆花特别是一品红Euphorbiapulcherrima的质量评价标准进行了比较分析,对一品红的生产栽培和市场销售情况进行了调查研究,在此基础上确定了农业部关于一品红盆花质量等级标准.建议将质量标准与质量控制体系(生产技术标准)并行实施,以达到提高盆花产品质量的目的.     

一品红无土栽培试验

选用5种基质和6种不同的营养液，比较其对一品红生长的影响。试验结果表明：以蛭石和珍珠岩组成的基质A搭配Y2和Y3营养液配方的处理效果较佳。     

Macrocyclic diterpenoids from the Iranian plant Euphorbia bungei Boiss

An acetone extract from the aerial parts of Euphorbia bungei afforded three new (2, 3 and 5) and one known (4) macrocyclic diterpenoids. Several cycloartane triterpenoids were also obtained, two of which (6a and 6b) were assayed for antiviral effects. The structures of all new compounds were elucidated using modern spectroscopic methods including 2D NMR and HRMS.     

New anti-HBV caryophyllane-type sesquiterpenoids from Euphorbia humifusa Willd

Activity-guided fractionation of Euphorbia humifusa for anti-HBV activity led to the isolation of two novel sesquiterpenoids, named humifusane A (1) and humifusane B (2). Their structures were elucidated by spectral data to show that they have a caryophyllane-type precursor structure. The two new sesquiterpenoids showed anti-HBV activities through specifically inhibiting the secretion of HBsAg in HepG2.2.15.     

Insect visitation and pollen deposition in an invaded prairie plant community

Invasive plants with large flowering displays have been shown to compete with native plants for pollinator services, often to the detriment of native plant fitness. In this study, we compare the pollinator communities and pollen deposited on stigmas of native plant species within and away from stands of the invasive alien plant, leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) at a large natural area in North Dakota, USA. Specifically, we ask if infestation influences (1) visitation rates and taxonomic composition of visitors to native flowers, and (2) the amount of conspecific pollen, number of pollen species, and proportion of heterospecific pollen on stigmas of native plants. We observed visits to selected native species during May and June 2000 and 2001. Stigmas were collected from a subsample of the flowers within these plots, squashed, and the pollen identified and counted under a light microscope. Visitation varied between years and among species of native plants: infestation had mixed effects in 2000 but visitation, especially by halictids was always lower within infestations in 2001. Despite differences in visitation between years, we found significantly less conspecific pollen on stigmas from infested plots in six of eight cases; we never found significantly more conspecific pollen on stigmas from within infestations. Our results emphasize the temporal variability in plant-pollinator relations and the added complexity imposed by an invasive species that will always make prediction of effects difficult. Nonetheless, the consistently lower conspecific pollen counts on native stigmas within infestations, regardless of visitation, suggest the likelihood of negative effects.     

Impact of Veratrum nigrum L.and Euphorbia fischeriana steud.on Embryo Development of Cattle in Sanjiang Area

It is very important to find out the reasons and the morphological changes of cattle abortion,death embryo and teratism in Sanjiang area, in order to determine the preventive measures, to improve animalquality, and to accelerate the animal industry. In the present studies, 25 cows and 25 local bos calves were in-vestigated. The powder of Veratrum nigrum L. and Euphorbia fischeriana steud, was medicated to the ani-mals during the 15 - 19th day of gestation. It was found that there were different poisoning reactions. Whenthe poisoning was on the 15 - 16th day of gestation, the pregnant animals were easy to miscarriage. When thepoisoning was on the 17 - 18th day of gestation, the embryos were easy to become teratism. The joint malfor-mation bicephalus and rachischisis could take place for calves. If the poisoning was after 19th day of gesta-tion, there were much more death embryos. The results of the studies showed that Veratrum and Euphorbiafischeriana steud, were the most poisonous plants to the animal industry of Sanjiang area. Some preventivemeasures were proposed.