中药对畜禽免疫功能影响的研究进展

文章综述了中药对畜禽免疫器官重量、单核-巨噬细胞系统功能、特异性免疫功能、细胞因子等的影响,阐述了中药调节畜禽免疫功能的机理.     

药用植物地下害虫发生现状与无公害综合防治策略

近年来,药用植物地下害虫为害日益突出,严重降低中草药的产量和品质。由于地下害虫在土壤中活动,取食药用植物的地下部分,给防治带来很大的困难。同时,农药的过度使用也给中草药安全带来了隐患。本文对药用植物地下害虫的主要种类、为害特点、发生规律和防治中存在的问题进行了综述,重点阐述了不同药用植物上常见的地下害虫种类,并提出了相应的无公害综合防治措施。     

中草药替代抗生素用于畜禽无抗养殖任重道远

在畜禽养殖减抗、禁抗的背景下,替抗产品的开发和应用似乎非中草药莫属,实践证明中草药饲料添加剂代替抗生素作动物抑菌促生长剂是可行的,不仅可以获得良好的防病抗病和促生长效果,而且也解决了抗药性和药残问题。但是中草药由于种类繁多、成分复杂,栽培、加工、运输、保存、环节多,作用机理不明,以及质量控制标准不完善等,将中草药替代抗生素用于畜禽养殖前路慢慢且千沟万壑。     

中医药学和动物营养学理论在饲料添加剂生产应用中若干问题的讨论

随着人们对畜产品安全意识的不断加强,饲用抗生素与部分化学药物添加剂被禁用已成必然趋势。中草药素有“绿色药物”之称谓,我国政府也在积极推进中药现代化。在这种科技发展形势下,如何在饲料添加剂研究与中医药学的交叉中寻求切入点是一个新的课题。本文从中医理论与现代动物营养学的基本概念与特点出发,结合我国中药资源的现状,就中医药学与动物营养学在学科结合中的问题进行了探讨。     

中兽药防治大肠杆菌性仔猪腹泻研究

仔猪腹泻是严重的仔猪疾病之一,常用抗生素进行治疗,但细菌耐药性导致药物的治疗效果下降。目前,有很多研究报道中草药防治仔猪腹泻取得了良好的疗效。本文从中药抗动物腹泻的作用机理、仔猪大肠杆菌性腹泻的中兽医辨证、中药抗仔猪大肠杆菌性腹泻的作用机理三个方面展开论述中药防治仔猪腹泻的研究进展,为防治仔猪腹泻的中兽药开发提供理论基础。     

Acupuncture treatment for idiopathic Horner's syndrome in a dog

A one-year-old female English Cocker Spaniel dog with idiopathic Horner''s Syndrome is described. The specific clinical signs in this specimen were miosis, ptosis, enophthalmos, and prolapsed nictitans for 2 days following sudden onset. According to history taking, ophthalmic, neurological, and radiological examination, the patient was diagnosed with idiopathic Horner''s syndrome. Manual acupuncture treatment was applied to the dog on local points two times in 2 days. The local acupoints were ST-4 (Di Chang) and GB-1 (Tong Zi Liao). The day after the initial acupuncture treatment, clinical signs related to idiopathic Horner''s syndrome had almost disappeared. The day after the second treatment, specific clinical signs were completely absent. During this period, the dog did not receive any orthodox treatment. Thus, it is suggested that manual acupuncture might be an effective therapy for idiopathic Horner''s syndrome.     

复合中草药添加剂对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

试验旨在研究不同剂量复合中草药添加剂对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响。选取84头(28±1)日龄、体重(8±0.5) kg的"杜×长×大"三元杂交断奶母仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复7头猪。试验1组饲喂基础日粮为对照组,试验2、3、4组分别添加2.0、2.5、3.0 g/kg的复合中草药添加剂。结果表明,试验3、4组仔猪平均日增重、平均日采食量显著高于试验1组(P<0.05);试验2、3、4组仔猪料重比、腹泻率显著低于试验1组(P<0.05)。试验3、4组仔猪的血清总蛋白、白蛋白含量显著高于试验1组(P<0.05);试验3、4仔猪血清尿素氮含量、谷丙转氨酶活性显著低于试验1组(P<0.05),试验4组仔猪血清碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性显著高于试验1组(P<0.05)。试验4组仔猪血清免疫球蛋白G (IgG)、免疫球蛋白A (IgA)、补体C3、补体C4含量显著高于试验1组(P<0.05)。研究表明,日粮添加3.0 g/kg的复合中草药添加剂能有效提高断奶仔猪生长性能、调节代谢水平、增强免疫功能。     

Effects of Chinese herbal formula Heat-stress-releasing on antioxidant function in dairy cows

In order to investigate the effects of a Chinese herbal formula Heat-stress-releasing on the antioxidant function in dairy cows, ten dairy cows were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group, with five cows in each group. All the cows were fed with a basal diet. The animals in the experimental group were given with 220 g of herbs per day in addition to the basal diet. The trial was conducted for 14 days. Blood samples were taken from the vena cava at day 0, day 7, and day 15, respectively. The antioxidant statuses were examined. The results are as follows. (1) Heat-Stress-releasing formula can significantly increase the milk yield of dairy cows under heat stress. Compared with the control group, the milk yield of the herb-treated group increased by 14.01% (P<0.05), 14.32% (P<0.05) and 15.01% (P<0.05) in prophase, metaphase and anaphase of the test, respectively. (2) Heat-Stress-releasing formula can increase significantly the antioxidant status of the heat stressed dairy cows. Compared with the control group, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased by 45.93% (P<0.01) at day 7 and by 54.40% (P<0.01) at day 15. The Glutathioneperoxidase (GSH-PX) activity of the test group increased by 17.99% (P<0.05) at day 7 and 25.98% (P<0.01) at day 15. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of the test group increased by 43.64% (P<0.01) at day 7 and 46.35% (P<0.01) at day 15. The malondaldehyd (MDA) content of test group declined by 23.88% (P<0.01) at day 7 and 25.32% (P<0.01) at day 15.     

武陵地区山羊传染性胸膜肺炎的药物防治研究

为预防和控制武陵山地区山羊传染性胸膜肺炎,采用4种药物对该区山羊进行了体内预防试验和治疗试验,结果表明:泰妙菌素和红霉素对山羊传染性胸膜肺炎霉形体感染具有预防作用,且泰妙菌素和红霉素预防效果最好,环丙沙星、四环素预防作用可靠性差;用4种药物对山羊传染性胸膜肺炎自然病例和人工病例做治疗及增重试验,结果表明:与对照组相比,环丙沙星组,四环素组差异显著,增重较明显,泰妙菌素组和红霉素组差异极显著,增重非常明显。