REGIONAL BINDING INDEX OF THE RADIOLABELED SELECTIVE 5-HT2A ANTAGONIST 123I-5-I-R91150 IN THE NORMAL CANINE BRAIN IMAGED WITH SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

The pattern of the specific 5-HT2A (5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor) antagonist 123I-5-I-R91150 was measured in 10 healthy dogs without neurologic and behavior abnormalities. Eight cortical regions (left and right fronto-, temporo-, parieto-, and occipitocortical area), one global subcortical region (including the thalamic system) were compared with a reference region lacking receptors; that is, the cerebellum. The 123I labeled radioligand was injected intravenously 100-200 minutes before acquisition. Both transmission and emission data were obtained with a triple head gamma camera equipped with high-resolution fanbeam collimators. The emission data were corrected for scatter and attenuation. To delineate different cerebral regions more accurately, the regions of interest (ROI) defined in a former study on brain perfusion measured with 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer (ECD) in the same dogs were used. The co-registration of the 99mTc-ECD and the 123I-5-I-R91150, obtained from each dog, was realized with the help of corresponding transmission maps. By normalizing each regional cerebral activity to the activity observed in the cerebellum, the regional radioactivity (binding index) could be relatively quantified. Highest brain uptake was noted in the frontocortical brain areas (right: 1.85, left: 1.89), followed by the temporocortical region (right: 1.58, left: 1.56). Least uptake was noted in the more caudal and middle brain regions [occipito- (right: 1.46, left: 1.41), parietocortical (right: 1.30, left: 1.26), and striatal region (1.19)]. No gender nor age influence was noted in this series. The 123I labeled serotonin-2A receptor ligand seems to have similar cortical binding in the normal canine brain, as shown in humans and other animal species. A frontocortical to occipitocortical (rostrocaudal) binding index gradient was identified within the dog, which has not been seen in imaging studies from humans and other animal species. The significance of these results will need further investigation. This normative data can be used to compare regional brain uptake of the 123I-radioligand to dogs with behavioral disorders related to the serotonergic system, in future studies.     

早期妊娠猕猴孕激素水平的检测

利用全自动化学发光免疫分析仪检测正常未妊娠的与不同孕期猕猴血清中雌二醇及孕酮的分泌水平。结果表明孕5d、10d、25d、30d血清孕酮比正常猕猴的分泌水平有非常明显的上升（P〈0.01）,孕15d也有显著的上升（P〈0.05）;孕15d、20d的雌二醇分泌水平比正常组有非常显著升高（P〈0.01）,而孕5d、10d、2...     

通用型流感疫苗研究进展

疫苗免疫是目前防控流感病毒感染最有效的策略。现有流感疫苗在不同亚型间的交叉保护力较差,并且由于HA和NA蛋白存在抗原漂移和转换现象,极大地影响了现有疫苗的免疫保护效果,甚至导致疫苗免疫失败。而动物模型研究结果显示,基于流感病毒基因组保守区域的疫苗能够对不同型或亚型的流感病毒产生广谱的交叉保护,本文主要介绍基于M2e、HA和NP的通用型流感型疫苗研究进展。     

动物大肠杆菌耐药性的变化趋势

本试验对50年代至90年代初分离保存的50株大肠杆菌进行了药物敏感性测定。结果表明，随着时间的推移，菌株对15种抗菌药物的耐性呈现不同程度的上升趋势，50年代的大肠杆菌分离株对15种抗菌药物均敏感，60年代的分离株对链霉素、四环素产生耐药，70年代对氨苄西林、氯霉素、磺胺甲基异唑、四环素、链霉素、甲氧苄胺嘧啶6种抗生素产生耐药，80年代至90年代初对阿莫西林／奥格门丁、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、萘啶酸、头孢噻吩、氨苄西林、氯霉素、磺胺甲基异唑、四环素、链霉素、甲氧苄胺嘧啶11种抗生素产生耐药，菌株的多重耐药性呈上升趋势。     

天然染料大黄对纳米TiO2改性丝素膜染色的研究

以溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2改性丝素复合膜,用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察,发现纳米TiO2均匀地分散在丝素中,粒子之间有明显的连续相,没有出现明显的相分离现象,其粒径约为80 nm。改性后的丝素膜,其上染率和色牢度均比纯丝素膜大大提高。     

猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌和猪圆环病毒2型二重实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

以胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(App)apx ⅣA基因和猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)ORF2基因为靶基因,分别设计特异性引物和探针,建立App和PCV-2的二重荧光PCR方法。App引物扩增的目的片段大小为132bp,PCV-2为169bp。建立的方法可在同一反应体系中同时对App和PCV-2进行定量检测鉴别,其敏感性分别为1×101拷贝和1×100拷贝,对其他猪病病原核酸的检测为阴性。利用该方法对10份人工感染临床样品进行检测试验,其结果符合率达100%,说明该方法可用于对临床样品中App和PCV-2的检测。     

Therapeutic Efficacy of Zinc Sulphate Used in Clustered Model Treatment in Alleviating Zinc Deficiency in Cattle and Its Effect on Hormones,Vitamins and Production Parameters

A survey was conducted in 10 districts of northern India. Significant deficiency of zinc was observed in soil, fodders and (cattle) serum samples. The animals showed typical signs of zinc deficiency, namely stiff gait, swelling of hocks and knees, subcutaneous fluid accumulation, rough coat, etc. of variable intensity. A clustered model therapeutic trial was conducted and zinc-deficient cattle were divided into three groups. Group A was provided with mineral mixture containing zinc sulphate. Group B was given mineral mixture without zinc sulphate and group C was given no mineral mixture. Significant improvement (p < 0.01) was observed in the haemoglobin (Hb), total white blood cells (WBC) and total erythrocyte count (TEC) levels at the 7th day of treatment in the animals of group A. Significant improvement in enzyme serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP) was observed in group A animals at the 7th day, while improvement in asparatate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) was observed after 21 days of treatment. Regarding hormones, significant improvement was observed in thyroxine (T₃) and triiodothyronine (T₄), oestrogen and progesterone in group A animals within 14 days of treatment. The values of vitamin A showed a highly significant (p < 0.01) improvement within 7 days of treatment in group A animals and that of vitamin E on the 21 st day of treatment. The milk yield of lactating cattle and body weight of growing calves in group A showed highly significant (p < 0.01) increases at about 14 and 30 days, respectively. It is concluded that zinc sulphate supplementation is highly effective in alleviating zinc deficiency and improving various biochemical and production parameters in cattle. The clustered model treatment provides a better indicator of the most limiting element under field conditions where simultaneous deficiency of various minerals is prevalent.     

Closed system anaesthesia in dogs using liquid sevoflurane injection; evaluation of the square-root-of-time model and the influence of CO2 absorbent

Objective To determine whether predictable alveolar concentrations of sevoflurane are reliably produced in dogs when liquid sevoflurane is injected into closed circuit breathing systems, as calculated by Lowe's square‐root‐of‐time anaesthetic uptake model, and to confirm the validity of the model using soda lime and calcium hydroxide lime. Study design Prospective clinical study. Animals Eleven healthy dogs with a mean body mass of 34 ± 9 kg scheduled for pelvic limb orthopaedic surgery. Materials and methods Following pre‐anaesthetic medication, anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with sevoflurane in a closed circle system. Epidural anaesthesia was performed with morphine and bupivacaine. Liquid sevoflurane was injected into the circuit by syringe, using dosages and time intervals derived from Lowe's square‐root‐of‐time anaesthetic uptake model. The target alveolar concentration chosen was 1.1 × MAC (2.6% end‐tidal sevoflurane). Either soda lime (group S; n = 6) or calcium hydroxide lime (Amsorb; group A; n = 5) were used for CO₂ absorption. Sevoflurane concentration and the respiratory gas composition were measured with an infrared gas analyser. Results End‐tidal sevoflurane concentrations were close to the predicted value of 2.6% at 9 minutes (2.53 ± 0.1% group S; 2.60 ± 0.26% group A) and 16 minutes (2.55 ± 0.30 group S; 2.52 ± 0.28% group A) but declined thereafter to reach 50% (group S) and 64% (group A) of the predicted value at 121 minutes. There was a constant trend towards higher end‐tidal sevoflurane concentrations in group A but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions The square‐root‐of‐time model leads to significantly lower alveolar concentrations than expected, suggesting that the rate of sevoflurane uptake in dogs declines less rapidly than predicted. The use of Amsorb tends to reduce the deviation from predicted concentrations. Clinical relevance The model used in this study provided only an approximate guide to the volume of liquid sevoflurane required. Consequently, the definitive dose schedule must be based on measured anaesthetic concentrations and clinical monitoring.     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染对肉仔鸡粪便水分的影响

采用单因子试验设计法,测定肉仔鸡感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E.tenella)后对粪便中水分变化的影响。试验表明:感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫后,鸡的生产性能受到显著的影响(P<0.05)。粪便中水分含量高于未感染组,感染后4d粪便中水分含量呈上升趋势,研究认为,粪便中水分含量的增加是球虫感染后的鸡的病理性变化的一种生理反映。在临床上,可将鸡粪便中水分含量的变化作为评判鸡感染球虫的参考指标之一。