Escherichia coli challenge and one type of smectite alter intestinal barrier of pigs

An experiment was conducted to determine how an E. coil challenge and dietary clays affect the intestinal barrier of pigs. Two groups of 32 pigs （initial BW： 6.9 ± 1.0 kg） were distributed in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of a randomized complete block design （2 challenge treatments： sham or E. coil, and 4 dietary treatments： control, 0.3% smectite A, 0.3% smectite B and 0.3% zeolite）, with 8 replicates total. Diarrhea score, growth performance, goblet cell size and number, bacterial translocation from intestinal lumen to lymph nodes, intestinal morphology, and relative amounts of sulfo and sialo mucins were measured. The E. coli challenge reduced performance, increased goblet cell size and number in the ileum, increased bacterial translocation from the intestinal lumen to the lymph nodes, and increased ileal crypt depth. One of the clays （smectite A） tended to increase goblet cell size in ileum, which may indicate enhanced protection. In conclusion, E. coli infection degrades intestinal barrier integrity but smectite A may enhance it.     

犏牛补饲维生素E的试验

对多元杂交不同组合犏母牛补饲维生素E,结果表明：通过补饲维生素E后,西黄牦犏牛子宫内膜炎的发病率比对照组降低20％,荷黄牦犏牛的比对照组降低30％,西黄牦犏牛和荷黄牦犏牛乳房炎的发病率均比对照组降低30％。给犏母牛补饲维生索E能显著提高犊牛初生重和犊牛产后成活率,对母牛产奶量影响不明显。     

The optimal immunization procedure of DNA vaccine pcDNA–TA4–IL-2 of Eimeria tenella and its cross-immunity to Eimeria necatrix and Eimeria acervulina

The immunization procedure of DNA vaccine pcDNA–TA4–IL-2 of Eimeria tenella, including route, dose, time of immunization and age of primary immunization of chicken, was optimized. The stability and the cross-species protection of the vaccine were also analyzed. Efficacy of immunization was evaluated on the basis of oocyst decrease ratio, lesion score, body-weight gain and the anti-coccidial index (ACI). Chinese Yellow chickens were randomly distributed into corresponding groups (30/group). The challenged, unchallenged and vector control groups were designed. The results illustrated that 25 μg was the optimal dose and intramuscular injection was the most effective route to induce protective immunity. There were no significant differences of ACIs between boosting and non-boosting groups. Storage time and temperature had little effect on the immunizing efficacy of the vaccine. The vaccine could provide partial cross-protection against the challenge with E. necatrix and E. acervulina, but not with E. maxima.     

早期妊娠猕猴孕激素水平的检测

利用全自动化学发光免疫分析仪检测正常未妊娠的与不同孕期猕猴血清中雌二醇及孕酮的分泌水平。结果表明孕5d、10d、25d、30d血清孕酮比正常猕猴的分泌水平有非常明显的上升（P〈0.01）,孕15d也有显著的上升（P〈0.05）;孕15d、20d的雌二醇分泌水平比正常组有非常显著升高（P〈0.01）,而孕5d、10d、2...     

中药复方对人工感染雏鸡大肠埃希菌病及沙门菌病的防治效果观察

为验证中药复方对鸡大肠埃希菌病和沙门菌病的临床效果,对人工感染大肠埃希菌和沙门菌鸡进行防治试验,用O78、O1、O2型大肠埃希菌菌株和鸡白痢沙门菌株对试验组鸡进行人工感染后,分为中药复方高、中、低剂量组,抗生素和健康、阳性对照组。结果表明,中药复方防治两类疾病疗效可靠,效果明显,其中以高剂量组防治效果最好。对人工感染引起的鸡大肠埃希菌病和鸡白痢的保护率为92%,治愈率分别为82%和88%。     

生长前期北京鸭维生素E需要量的研究

试验采用单因子完全随机试验设计,研究不同水平维生素E对北京鸭生产性能的影响,进而探讨0～14日龄北京鸭维生素E的需要量。试验一维生素E水平为0、5、10、20、40、100IU/kg和400IU/kg,选取392只1日龄健康雄性北京鸭随机分为7个处理组,每处理组8个重复,每重复7只。试验二采用半纯合日粮,维生素E水平为0、10、20IU/kg和100IU/kg,选取192只1日龄健康雄性北京鸭随机分为4个处理组,每处理组6个重复,每重复8只。饲养期均为14d。试验结果表明:维生素E可提高0～14日龄北京鸭生产性能,以日增重为评价指标,北京鸭维生素E最低需要量为10IU/kg。     

Effects of α-lipoic acid, vitamins E and C upon the heat stress in Japanese quails

Antioxidant vitamins are commonly used as colorant, preventive, sweetener, nutritive and antioxidant materials in food industry. Thus, many studies have been conducted in recent years. We have performed the present study to understand the effects of α-lipoic acid (ALA), vitamin C and E, added into rations of Japanese quails, on chronic heat stress. This study was carried out in five groups as: control, stress, ALA, vitamin E and vitamin C groups. Heat stress is applied to all groups except the control group. Superficial pectoral muscles tissues were used for biochemical determinations. During the research, it is found that heat stress exerted undesired effects such as increasing lipid peroxidation (LPO) level indicating oxidative stress in Japanese quails. In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities and glutathione (GSH) amounts were studied to understand the behaviour of defence mechanism. While stress increased LPO ratio, it was determined that all antioxidant added into the ration decreases LPO significantly (p < 0.05). In addition, it was determined that all of antioxidants added into ration effectively restored SOD activity and LPO ratio which heat stress affected negatively. Interestingly, vitamin C did not adjust GSH ratio in contrast to vitamin E and ALA, where vitamin E and C did not perform any positive effect on heat stress decreased CAT activity. Finally, it can be thought that antioxidant vitamins relatively ameliorated these undesired affects caused by stress factors given.     

大肠杆菌毒力因子agn43与生物被膜表型相关性研究

分别采用改良结晶紫半定量方法和常规PCR方法对180株宠物源性大肠杆菌进行生物被膜形成能力定量研究和相变抗原agn43检测,以分析大肠杆菌毒力因子agn43与生物被膜表型相关性。试验结果表明,30.1%(55/180)的菌株能够检测到agn43基因,96.4%(53/55)agn43阳性菌株具有不同程度的成膜能力,与无成膜能力组差异极显著(P<0.01)。     

猪戊型肝炎病毒荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及其分子流行病学

对已发表的戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)不同基因型毒株全序列进行分析,针对ORF3的保守区设计引物和探针优化建立了HEV荧光RT-PCR检测体系。分析表明该反应体系具有良好的扩增效率、特异性和稳定性,且检测灵敏度比普通RT-PCR方法高10～100倍。利用所建立的荧光定量PCR方法对采集自浙江及其周边上海、江苏等地区规模化猪场的样品以及HEV抗体阳性人血清样品进行了HEV核酸检测。其中,77份人血清样本仅有2份为HEV核酸阳性(2.6%)。而猪粪便样品阳性率则高达20.5%(56/273),且所调查的猪场均存在HEV感染。进一步的分子流行特征分析表明,浙江及周边地区的猪HEV毒株多为基因Ⅳ型,与其他地区的Ⅳ型HEV毒株同源性较高(83.4%～89.5%),但它们之间也存在较多的变异位点。猪源HEV毒株PJ-1则与多数Ⅲ型HEV毒株同源性较高(88%),进化分析也表明其为基因Ⅲ型。人血清样品中检测到的2份HEV毒株Human-1与Human-2与本地区Ⅳ型猪源毒株在分子进化关系上具有很高的亲源性,它们分布于同一分支内,而不构成独立分支。以上分析结果表明浙江及其周边地区猪HEV感染较为广泛,且以基因Ⅳ型毒株为主,但也存在...     

鸡源大肠杆菌ESBLs基因型检测及其耐药性分析

采用K-B法检测30株鸡源大肠杆菌对16种抗菌药物的耐药性,根据耐药表型和超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的基因型流行情况,指导临床合理用药.结果表明,24株大肠杆菌为产ESBLs株.扩增出了与预期片段大小相符的TEM型、SHV型、CTX-M型、OXA型基因.有5株同时检测出TEM和CTX-M基因.产酶大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、环丙沙星的耐药率100%.其多重耐药性明显比非产酶大肠杆菌严重.