桐棉马尾松芽苗截根移栽试验

应用ＬＯＴＵＳ１－２－３图表分析集成软件，对芽苗不同截根移栽处理与对照进行比较分析。结果表明：芽苗截根移栽后，能有效地抑制主根生长，促进侧根生长发育，且高径比下降２３．４％，Ｔ－Ｒ率下降２２．３％，苗木全株干重增加５１．１％；截根能使苗期的地上与地下部分生长趋于协调，图示聚类分析还表明，截根处理以保留根毛区约２／４－３／４根长为宜。     

扦插育苗大棚生态环境自动化调控系统的研究

为提高扦插苗木的生根率和成活率 ,节省人力 ,减少工人的劳动强度 ,降低育苗成本 ,我们研制了扦插育苗大棚生态环境自动化调控系统 ,实现了整个育苗过程大棚环境的自动化调控 ,满足了扦插苗木对环境的要求。经一年多的使用表明 ,该系统工作稳定、操作简便 ,且能稳定地控制大棚环境参数。     

水稻直播技术探讨

介绍国内外水稻直播技术的发展现状，分析水稻直播技术的优点，阐明水稻直播技术的实施要点。与传统水稻栽培方式相比，水稻直播技术省却了育秧、拔秧、插秧环节，节省了大量时间和人力、财力、物力，使复杂的种植程序得以简化、劳动力得到进一步解放、种植成本大大降低，是传统水稻种植方式的重大变革。     

闭锁型育苗系统中不同光源对生菜生长的影响

针对传统温室环境生产的种苗存活率低、品质差、不利于种苗大规模商品化生产的现状,以生菜品种罗生3号为试材,在北京京鹏环球科技股份有限公司开发的闭锁型育苗系统内进行了不同光源对生菜生长试验的显著性分析.试验结果表明,相较于荧光灯,LED光源能显著地促进生菜的生长,且对生菜的鲜质量、株高、叶片数具有极显著的促进作用,是闭锁型育苗系统中培养生菜的最佳光源.     

番茄链式纸钵苗移栽机分离机构设计与优化试验

为实现番茄链式纸钵苗高速、有序、高效分离、降低纸钵苗破损率,设计了一种分离辊角度可调差速式番茄链式纸钵苗移栽试验台。以引出速度、分离轮与引出轮速比、分离轮倾角为试验因素,以钵苗分离率、纸钵破损率为评价指标,实施三因素五水平二次正交旋转中心组合优化试验。结果表明,各因素对钵苗分离率影响由大到小为分离轮倾角、引出速度和分离轮与引出轮速比;对纸钵破损率影响由大到小为分离轮与引出轮速比、引出速度和分离轮倾角;当参数组合为分离轮倾角18°、引出速度8~10 m/min、分离轮与引出轮速比2.5~4.6时,番茄链式纸钵苗移栽分离机构的钵苗分离率大于90%,纸钵破损率小于5%。     

园林工程中大树移植办法及其养护

随着现代城市景观环境要求的不断提高,在有充足资金保证和不破坏原有生态环境的条件下,通过大树栽植优化城市景观,美化城市环境,成为加速园林绿化进程的重要手段。本文主要介绍了通过实践研究取得的园林工程中大树的栽植过程及养护要点。     

胚胎移植德系西门塔尔种公牛在山东地区的适应性观察

选择胚胎移植获得的德系西门塔尔公牛11头,对其0~30月龄的体型外貌、生长发育、精液生产能力、抗病性及环境适应能力进行观察,分析其在山东地区的适应性。结果表明:其体型外貌特征符合本品系特征,外貌评分达特级;平均初生重46.32 kg,30月龄平均体重达955.45 kg,整个观察期平均日增重1.06 kg;30月龄体高达152.55 cm,体斜长172.73 cm,胸围、腹围与管围分别达到233.82、262.09和25.64 cm,睾丸围达41.23 cm;平均采精量6.60 mL,精子密度7.35亿个/mL,精子平均活力为56.23%,精液利用率67.99%,平均制冻数量28 642支;观察期无重大疾病发生。综上所述,德系西门塔尔种公牛在山东地区饲养达到了培育目的,适合在该地区推广。     

不同育苗移栽方式对辣椒经济性状的影响

通过对辣椒不同育苗移栽方式进行比较试验,结果表明:营养钵假植移栽的产量和经济效益显著高于漂浮育苗移栽和露地育苗直接移栽,营养钵假植移栽的增产机理是移栽后辣椒无明显的缓苗期,根系发达,植株生长整齐,长势好,分枝能力强,单株挂果多.漂浮育苗移栽和露地育苗直接移栽产量差异不显著,主要是漂浮育苗现在还没有专用的辣椒育苗营养液,成株后分枝能力弱,挂果枝少,单株挂果少.     

Cucumber fruit quality at harvest affected by soilless system,crop age and preharvest climatic conditions during two consecutive seasons

Cucumber fruits (Cucumis sativus L., cv. Trópico F1) grown on perlite substrate and NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) were harvested during two seasons (winter and spring) to monitor the effects of climatic conditions and hydroponic growth systems on fruit quality at harvest. The best fruit quality at harvest, as measured by lightness and hue angle parameters, was obtained during the 3 weeks following the first winter picking. When values of a parameter of preharvest climate value called G^* were lower than 0.4 MJ m⁻² °C day⁻¹ interval⁻¹, the cucumber achieved its optimum quality at harvest, as measured by the dark green color of the skin. NFT-grown fruits showed darker and greener skin color (higher hue angle and lower lightness) compared with perlite-grown fruit, irrespective of the season considered. During the winter season, the plant transpiration rate was 30% higher in perlite than in NFT culture, which correlates with higher differences in G^* and 40% additional yield in perlite. However, in spring G^* was not sensitive enough to discriminate between the two hydroponic systems. In general, fruit quality at harvest in spring was lower than during the winter, due to flesh whitening, higher longitudinal and equatorial calibers, and slightly higher pH, as well as worse epidermal color coordinates (ranging from the dark and dull green color typical of winter fruit to light and a vivid green-yellow color). During the spring season, NFT-grown fruit were less acid than perlite-grown fruit with no apparent correlation with the climatic conditions or fruit nutrition.     

4PU、NAA、IBA在中华猴猕桃微繁殖技术中的应用研究

研究结果表明:1.使用新型的苯基脲衍生物4pU与生长素配合,可明显提高茎段和离体叶片的分化,其活性约为6苄基氨基嘌呤、6-BA)、玉米素(ZT)的10倍。2.在附加4pU(1毫克/升)的培养基上,分化不定芽和茎段丛生芽,个体发育较弱,须经在低浓度4pU(0.3～0.5毫克╱升)和6-BA(1毫克/升)培养基中再培养,方可获得健壮的试管苗。3.中华猕猴桃试管苗在1/2MS+NAA_(0.5)+IBA_(0.5)的培养基中培养10天后,移栽成活率可达95％左右。