苹果砧木试管苗过渡移栽中根系活力和生长变化的研究

以苹果砧木SH18试管苗为试材,测定其在过渡移栽过程中的根系活力和生长变化。结果表明:根系活力在过渡移栽过程中呈现规律性变化,从瓶内生根到开瓶锻炼结束期间,根系活力呈增强趋势,在移栽前达到最大值,为0.167mg/(g·h),容器移栽后迅速下降。移栽基质对根系活力有较大影响,其中蛭石+土壤的基质中根系活力最高,达到0.04mg/(g·h),蛭石和珍珠岩次之。根系的基本形态指标,包括单株根系生物量、体积、数量,根系含水量以及平均根系长度,随生长时期的变化而发生规律性变化,同一时期,不同移栽基质之间存在不同程度的差异。不同基质根系活力和根系各基本形态指标的相关性分析显示,根系活力和生物量呈显著正相关,根数和根体积呈极显著正相关。     

观赏塔杨组织培养工厂化育苗

为快速繁殖塔杨,研究了组培快繁、试管苗入地、瓶外扦插和露地移栽等技术,总结出了塔杨组培工厂化育苗流程和技术要点。结果显示:带有顶芽的嫩梢接种到分化培养基MS+0.5 mg/L6-BA+0.5 mg/L IAA上的芽增殖数较高;IAA和NAA均能使其芽100%生根,但根的质量差异较大;蛭石的移栽成活率高达92%,草炭仅30%,蛭石保湿培养1个月后移入混合基质营养钵可形成密集根系;100 mg/L的IAA或生根粉处理(速沾)嫩梢的瓶外扦插可使生根率和露地移栽成活率达80%以上。     

花梨木组培苗育苗管理技术

从花梨木的组培苗炼苗技术、苗棚的搭建、苗床的准备、组培苗炼苗基质的选择、育苗期水肥管理、苗期的病虫害防治技术等方面,介绍了花梨木组培苗育苗管理技术,为花梨木组培苗育苗技术奠定了基础。     

移栽期与摘花梗对湖北麦冬产量的影响

探讨了不同的移栽期和摘花梗与否对湖北麦冬产量的影响,结果表明,不同的移栽期对湖北麦冬产量存在极显著的影响,以3月25日移栽的产量最高。在开花期摘花梗的比不摘花梗的产量要高。     

供受体羊发情同期化程度对胚胎移植效果的影响

将2008枚鲜胚移植给1146只受体羊,移植单胚和双胚的受体总妊娠率为63.1r3/1146,移植胚胎成羔率为52.861/2008。结果表明供、受体发情同步差在 1～ 0.5d、0d和-0.5～-1d时,移植单胚的受体妊娠率和胚胎成羔率没有明显的差异P>0.05;移植双胚的受体差异显著P<0.05,同步差为0d时的胚胎移植效果最好。移植双胚的受体中,奶山羊受体与供体同步差为-0.5～-1d和0d时,胚胎成羔率显著高于同步差为 1～ 0.5d的受体P<0.05;成都麻羊与供体同步差在 1～ 0.5d、0d和-0.5～-1d时,其胚胎成羔率均有显著差异P<0.05;南江黄羊和大耳羊做受体时,供、受体同步差在 1～ 0.5d、0d和-0.5～-1d时进行胚胎移植,胚胎成羔率无统计学差异。     

新植大树的养护方法

本文对新植大树从地上部分保温和促发新根等各个方面详细介绍了新植大树的养护方法。     

毛竹移栽造林及其影响因子分析——以浙江安吉灵峰寺林场为例

浙江安吉人工竹林主要来自扩鞭造林,通过人工移栽造林的较少。文章以安吉县灵峰寺林场大王山林区3次毛竹人工移栽造林为例,调查分析了移栽造林的效果及其影响因素。结果表明,毛竹移栽造林技术比较成熟,影响造林效果的关键因子为海拔。在海拔500 m以下、种苗选择1～2年生的新竹、保留竹鞭长度1 m左右,配合适当的肥培管理措施,6～8年即可成林。     

园林工程中大树移植办法及其养护

随着现代城市景观环境要求的不断提高,在有充足资金保证和不破坏原有生态环境的条件下,通过大树栽植优化城市景观,美化城市环境,成为加速园林绿化进程的重要手段。本文主要介绍了通过实践研究取得的园林工程中大树的栽植过程及养护要点。     

胚胎移植德系西门塔尔种公牛在山东地区的适应性观察

选择胚胎移植获得的德系西门塔尔公牛11头,对其0~30月龄的体型外貌、生长发育、精液生产能力、抗病性及环境适应能力进行观察,分析其在山东地区的适应性。结果表明:其体型外貌特征符合本品系特征,外貌评分达特级;平均初生重46.32 kg,30月龄平均体重达955.45 kg,整个观察期平均日增重1.06 kg;30月龄体高达152.55 cm,体斜长172.73 cm,胸围、腹围与管围分别达到233.82、262.09和25.64 cm,睾丸围达41.23 cm;平均采精量6.60 mL,精子密度7.35亿个/mL,精子平均活力为56.23%,精液利用率67.99%,平均制冻数量28 642支;观察期无重大疾病发生。综上所述,德系西门塔尔种公牛在山东地区饲养达到了培育目的,适合在该地区推广。     

Nitrogen addition enhances home-field advantage during litter decomposition in subtropical forest plantations

Nitrogen (N) exerts strong effects on litter decomposition through altering microbial abundance and community composition. However, the effect of N addition on plant–soil interactions such as home-field advantage (HFA: enhanced decomposition at a home environment compared to a guest environment) in relation to litter decomposition remains unclear. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a reciprocal litter transplant plus N addition experiment in Mytilaria laosensis and Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations for two years in subtropical China where anthropogenic N input is amongst the highest in the world. We found positive HFA effects (in which the calculation incorporates litter of both species) with litter mass loss 11.2% faster at home than in the guest environment in the N addition (50 kg N ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹) treatment, but no significant HFA effects were found in the control treatment. The magnitude of the HFA effect on carbon (C) release increased with N addition, while that on N release decreased. The HFA effects on phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sodium, and magnesium release were positive overall, but varied through time and the magnitude of the effects were different among elements. The greater HFA effects in the N addition treatment were associated with greater differences in microbial biomass and community composition between home and guest environments than in the control treatment. Our results indicate that anthropogenic N enrichment could lead to enhanced HFA effects, through modification of microbial communities, and thereby affect C sequestration and N cycling in subtropical forests.