浅论大学阅读文化的衰微与传建

阐释了大学阅读文化概念,并在剖析了大学阅读文化的3种衰微现象后,从以图书馆为阅读载体建构阅读文化平台,以导读为主要手段推进阅读文化建设,以读书为核心传承阅读文化精神等3个方面,提出了建构和传承大学阅读文化的思路。     

三聚氰胺脲醛树脂改性对针叶材和阔叶材性能的影响

用不同摩尔比三聚氰胺脲醛树脂(MUF)处理阔叶材和针叶材,对其物理力学性能和耐腐蚀性进行比较研究.结果 表明,MUF改性木材效果与木材本身结构和树种有关,结构疏松、孔隙大的木材,MUF改性效果好.改性后木材微观结构受到破坏,导致杨木和杉木体积收缩(ASE值为负).改性后松木、杉木、桉木和椎木的顺纹抗压强度(CS)分别提高了66.33％、43.18％、32.67％和13.28％,但处理材抗弯强度(MOR)降低.MUF改善了阔叶材的耐腐蚀性,处理后的木材甲醛释放量均小于0.26 mg·L-1.     

动态边界条件下一类强阻尼波动方程解的爆破

考虑了一类具有Kelvin-Voigt阻尼的波动方程.运用位势井理论,通过构造稳定集和不稳定集,结合能量分析的方法,首先证明了当初值属于稳定集时,该问题存在整体解;其次证明了强阻尼项的存在使得问题的解一致趋近于零,且具有指数衰减速率;最后给出了解在有限时间爆破的充分必要条件.     

制动器耗散功率原理在ABS标定匹配中的应用

为解决ABS逻辑门限值方法匹配成本高、周期长的问题,将制动器耗散功率原理应用于匹配中.结合逻辑门限值与制动器耗散功率的各自优点,将制动器耗散功率原理能自适应识别各种路面状况的特点应用于匹配中;根据制动器耗散功率极大值对应的滑移率略小于临界滑移率且相差不大的原理,采用制动器耗散功率极大值对应的滑移率代替峰值附着系数对应的滑移率对ABS进行控制;滑移率与制动器耗散功率曲线获得较为简单,因此可以大大提高匹配效率.经过实车匹配验证,本方法提高了匹配效率和控制质量,节约了匹配成本.     

Review on Preservative Treatment and Decay Resistance of Wood-based Composites

INTRODUCTIONWood-based composites are widely used as woodindustry is developing rapidly. It is quite necessary toimprove the decay resistance of wood-basedcomposites with preservatives or protect them in othermethods to meet the durability requirements. Therefore,many investigations are conducted in this field. Thispaper summarizes the previous and presentinvestigations on the methods of preservative treatmentand the decay resistance of different categories oftreated wood-based composites…     

Does matrix resistance influence Red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris L. 1758) distribution in an urban landscape?

In determining isolation effects in fragmented populations, the landscape matrix is not often considered. Usually simple distance measures are used to quantify degree of isolation. We tested the effect of the matrix on the presence of red squirrels in 354 wooded patches in the Brussels Region, by comparing several isolation measures. These were 1) distance to the nearest source patch, 2) the Hanski-measure (a combination of distance to and size of all possible sources), 3) effective distances calculated from different least cost models using the ArcView grid extension ‘Cost Distance’ (a combination of distance and resistance of the landscape, with different resistances for different landscape types) and 4) some combinations of the Hanski-measure and the effective distances. Size and quality of the target patches were always included in the tests of the predictive power of different isolation measures on squirrel presence/absence. All variables examined (patch size, quality and isolation) significantly influenced squirrel presence. Models using the effective distances gave the best results. Models including the Hanski-measure improved significantly when Euclidean distance was replaced by effective distance, showing that parameterisation of matrix resistance added significant additional explanatory power when modelling squirrel presence. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Nursery soil cover influences germination of Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondai seeds

We examined the influence of nursery soil cover on germination of Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondai. Seeds were sown under seeding bed conditions: (1) nursery soil (andosol) without soil cover, (2) Kanuma pumice without soil cover, (3) nursery soil with nursery soil cover, and (4) nursery soil with sterilized sand cover. Germination percentages were compared between these conditions. The germination percentage (8.8%) at 10 weeks after sowing under condition 3 was significantly lower than under conditions 1, 2, and 4 (56.8%, 52.0%, and 47.2%, respectively). Of the nongerminated seeds under condition 3, 75.0% were decayed and several fungi were isolated from decayed seeds. An inoculation test of isolated fungi Cylindrocarpon tenue, Cylindrocarpon sp., Fusarium oxysporum, and Botrytis sp. to seeds showed that these fungi caused seed decay. Our results indicated that nursery soil cover may not be suitable for T. dolabrata var. hondai seeds sown in nursery soil because of seed decay by pathogens.     

Distribution of stem decay in the beech trees of the Azerbaijan and its impact on the output of commercial wood

To determine the distribution of stem decay in the beech stands of Azerbaijan, we sought to identify the species, number, and height of attachment of fruiting bodies;the extent of decay in tree trunks growing under different conditions;and its influence on the trees’ commercial wood. The research was conducted on three farms representing the most common forest types of the Greater Caucasus within Azerbaijan. Examination of the presence of fruiting bodies in the tree trunk revealed that stem decay is the most common infection in beech (Fagus orientalis) stands, especially in fresh, moist areas, with less infection under dry growing conditions. In this work, the length, diameter, and volume of decay were studied by infecting the trunks of 93 model trees affected with mushrooms in 1–4 m cuttings. Our results showed that as the age of the stand increased, extent, diameter, and volume of decay increased significantly: the extent of decay from 1.47 to 6.43 m;the diameter of the decay from 8.15 to 32.7 cm;and the volume of decay from 2.5 to 13.2%. The relationship between age and the specified indicators is presented graphically. Using data obtained from the same sample of trees, we determined the expected and actual yield of commercial wood by age class. We determined that stem decay in beech stands leads to a decrease in the yield of commercial wood on average from 25.1% in the middle-aged to 14.8% in overmature plantations, respectively, with an estimated yield of 40.8–62.7%. Here we present mathematical models of the output of commercial wood from the infected part of the stands by age classes with the use of average data on the extent of decay in model trees.     

樟子松热处理材耐久性能的评价

对樟子松热处理材进行室内防霉、防蚁蛀及野外埋地检测,综合评价其耐久性能。结果表明:樟子松热处理材对霉菌、变色菌均无防治效力,不抗白蚁蛀蚀;樟子松热处理材的耐久年限约为3年。