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21.
The metabolic consequences of the isoenergetic replacement of dietaryprotein by carbohydrates (CHO) were compared in studies of European eel andrainbow trout. Diets with 45/20, 37/30, 29/40 and 21/50 percentprotein/carbohydrate were assessed during a 12-week experiment. The CHO sourcewas pre-gelatinized corn starch. Fish of initial average weight 45gwere fed to satiation twice daily. Weight-gain and feed-efficiency data weregenerally better in trout than in eel, presumably because trout digestibilitycoefficients for protein and energy were higher than in eel. In both species,regardless of physiological differences in digestion and absorption, feedintakeand nutrient digestibility were lower when dietary CHO was higher, but theinter-species differences decreased with increasing dietary CHO.Pyruvate kinase activity (PK) in trout was not affected by dietary CHO content,while blood-glucose and liver-glycogen levels significantly rose withincreasingdietary CHO. In contrast, blood-glucose levels appeared to be regulated ineels,perhaps by an accelerated glycolysis rate, revealed by changes in PK.Gluconeogenic activity was inhibited in trout fed a diet containing20–30%CHO, while in eels this activity was not inhibited by dietary replacement ofprotein by carbohydrate. Liver glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity(G6PDH) was inhibited in trout fed increasing dietary CHO, whereas in eelsG6PDHoperated at a high rate regardless of dietary composition. These results mayindicate that eels have a better capacity for metabolising high-CHO/low-proteindiets than do trout. 相似文献
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根据1985-1986年黄海生态调查收集的胃含物资料,本文建立了胃含物平均重量与鱼体重、体长的关系:W=0.1998S^0.769和W=0.0105L^2.253细纹狮子鱼的主要食物为Ti鱼和脊腹褐虾。食物组成随时间和体长不同而变化。小个体的细纹狮子鱼(〈15cm)提食更多虾类和其它甲壳类。细纹狮子鱼的食物个体较小,一般小于10cm。食物大小随体长变化不大。胃含物内食物的平均个数随体长增长而增加。 相似文献
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Håkon Otterå Oddvard Garatun-Tjeldstø Kåre Julshamn Erland Austreng 《Aquaculture International》2003,11(1-2):217-224
There are indications that low ingestion ratesof formulated feed may limit the growth ofearly juvenile fish, including cod. This hasparticularly been observed during the weaningperiod, when the fish must change from apresumably palatable live prey to usually a drydiet. The study of the physical properties ofthe diet seems to be an underestimated area ofresearch, compared to studies on thenutritional properties of the diet. In thisstudy we used lanthanide markers as a tool inestimating diet preferences for examining theeffect of dietary moisture content on ingestionrates in juvenile cod (0.8 g). Fishmeal-baseddiets were produced with five levels of water,giving diets with 35, 42, 54, 65 or 95% dryweight. Each diet was marked with a smallamount of a lanthanide or yttrium oxide. Thefish were hand fed on a mixture of these fivediets. Ingestion rates where then estimated bykilling 1/2 of the fish after one day and therest after four days of feeding. The whole fishwith gut content was homogenized and markercontent was measured by ICP-MS. The amountingested of each of the five diets could thenbe calculated from these figures. Despite thehigh variation in diet selection betweenindividuals the results clearly indicate ahigher intake of moist feed. This could becaused by a better palatability or to a higheravailability caused by a lower sinking rate ofthe moist feed. 相似文献
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Thor M. Jonassen 《Aquaculture International》2002,10(5):411-420
Full scale experiments in tanks were conducted to elucidate the effect of photoperiod regime, dietary fat level and stocking density on growth in spotted wolffish. The study showed that continuous light (LD24:0) did not give a higher final mean weight or faster overall growth rate in spotted wolffish compared to constant 8 h light and 16 h darkness (LD8:16). However, there were indications that the fish needed time to adapt to a new photoperiod regime. The feeding experiment indicated a negative relation between dietary fat level and growth, where fish given 15% fat in the diet had a 13% higher final mean weight compared to fish on a diet with 20% fat. However, no conclusions could be made. The final mean weight was 10% higher at 25 kg/m2 compared to 40 kg/m2, indicating a negative impact of high stocking density on spotted wolffish. 相似文献
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Stability of crystalline and coated vitamins during manufacture and storage of fish feeds 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The stability of two forms of vitamins, crystalline and fat-coated, during manufacturing processes and storage of fish feeds was investigated. After extrusion, vitamin recovery was generally lower than that found after pelleting. The recovery of coated forms after pelleting was higher than that of crystalline ones, especially for ascorbic acid, menadione, pyridoxine and folic acid. Coated forms were also found to be more resistant to extrusion than crystalline forms. No significant differences in vitamin losses during storage were found between pelleted and extruded feeds. However, losses of ascorbic acid, menadione and pyridoxine in both manufactured feeds were much greater in crystalline than in coated forms. 相似文献
30.
本研究以不同日粮能量的浓度为条件,较详细地研究了甘肃白猪肥育性能和胴体品质关系的变化规律.证实甘肃白猪在本试验设置的日粮能量浓度范围内具有调节采食量,获得较高日增重及饲料利用率的能力.综合评定结果显示,甘肃白猪更适应中能日粮.如采用低能日粮饲喂则能获得优良胴体,大幅度提高瘦肉率.在育种上,提高甘肃白猪胴体瘦肉率,应重视对背膘、臀围及全身骨骼发育等方面的选择. 相似文献