基于无线传感网络的耕种机具空间力监测系统开发与试验

针对实时监测耕种机具作业中所受空间力大小,该文提出了一种能够在现场和远程实时监测耕种机具受力情况并带有提示报警的监测系统。该系统采用基于Zigbee的WSN（wireless sensor network）完成数据的采集和近程传输,采用嵌入式处理器ARM11作为现场监测终端的中央处理单元CPU,并搭建WinCE6.0操作系统,完成数据交换、处理和监测报警等功能。通过安装在耕种机具上的测力传感器,实现对耕种机具受力情况的实时检测。经土槽试验测试,系统实现了耕种机具空间力的实时监测以及监测数据的存储,人机界面交互性良好,可为耕种机具的研究设计提供技术支持。     

垄作覆膜种植对夏玉米生长和土壤水分动态的影响

旨在探索垄作覆膜对夏玉米动态生长过程、作物产量和水分利用效率及土壤水分运移规律的影响。试验设置垄作覆膜(RM)和平作不覆膜(NM)处理,在试验数据分析的基础上,采用Logistic方程及其修正方程分别拟合株高和叶面积指数生长动态,结合数值模型HYDRUS-2D模拟典型降雨过程的土壤水分动态。结果表明:Logistic方程拟合下,垄作覆膜与平作未覆膜处理夏玉米株高最大增长速率及其出现时间分别为5.1,5.2cm/d和播种后39,41天(3年均值),同时垄作覆膜夏玉米叶面积指数最大增长率较平作未覆膜提高了14.6%,增长速率最大值出现时间提前了2天;垄作覆膜夏玉米穗长、穗粒数、百粒重、产量及水分利用效率较平作未覆膜分别增加了7.8%,15.4%,1.3%,6.0%和3.1%(3年均值)。HYDRUS-2D模型对典型降雨后土壤剖面水分变化的模拟结果表明,垄作覆膜能增加降雨入渗,增大0—20cm土层和0—200cm剖面平均含水量。垄作覆膜种植具有增产保墒效应,但其增产效应与生育期气象条件有关,生育季降雨过多或过少都会影响其增产效应。     

All-around 3D plant modeling system using multiple images and its composition

In this study, we developed an all-around 3D plant modeling system that operates using images and is capable of measuring plants non-destructively without any contact. During the fabrication of this device, we selected a method capable of performing 3D model reconstruction from multiple images. We then developed an improved SfM-MVS (Structure from Motion / Multi-View-Stereo) method that enables 3D reconstruction by simply capturing images with a camera. The resulting image-based method offers a high degree of freedom because the hardware and software can comprise commercially available products, and it permits the use of one or more cameras according to the shape and size of the plant. The advantages of the image-based method are that 3D reconstruction can be conducted at any time as long as the images are already taken, and that the desired locations can be observed, measured, and analyzed from 2D images and a 3D point cloud. The device we developed is capable of 3D measurements and modeling of plants from a few millimeters to 2.4 m of height using this method. This article explains this device, the principles of its composition, and the accuracy of the models obtained from it.     

3D modeling and reconstruction of plants and trees: A cross-cutting review across computer graphics,vision, and plant phenotyping

This paper reviews the past and current trends of three-dimensional (3D) modeling and reconstruction of plants and trees. These topics have been studied in multiple research fields, including computer vision, graphics, plant phenotyping, and forestry. This paper, therefore, provides a cross-cutting review. Representations of plant shape and structure are first summarized, where every method for plant modeling and reconstruction is based on a shape/structure representation. The methods were then categorized into 1) creating non-existent plants (modeling) and 2) creating models from real-world plants (reconstruction). This paper also discusses the limitations of current methods and possible future directions.     

基于多块网格技术的离心泵叶轮CFD分析

网格生成是三维紊流数值分析的重要组成部分，其网格质量对数值求解的稳定性及精度至关重要。结构化网格具有节省内存和便于节点编号等优点被广泛使用。对于几何形状复杂的离心泵叶轮通道，用单块结构化网格难以很好地进行描述。采用多块网格技术，根据各块和流场的特点，探讨了离心泵叶轮通道结构化网格划分中的一些处理方法，同时对离心泵叶轮三维紊流场进行了雷诺平均N-S方程的数值模拟，检验了所提的方法。     

奶牛饲喂装置中螺旋输送器的设计及三维造型

螺旋输送器用于物料输送过程的设计在设计资料中较为常见,但它应用于奶牛饲喂装置时,从设计角度讲有许多特殊性。螺旋输送器的主要尺寸及动力参数设计得是否合理,将直接影响到物料的计量精度。为此,对奶牛饲喂装置中螺旋输送器的设计做了较为详尽的论述,并对其三维造型过程进行了简要的论述。     

基于Web3D的交互式虚拟水稻主茎可视化研究

在已建立的水稻主茎结构器官数学模型的基础上,采用Java3D和Web开发技术实现了水稻主茎的三维Web显示和交互控制,构建了基于Web的水稻主茎器官模型三维可视化研究平台,使得虚拟水稻作物的研究得以在IE浏览器上进行,也为其他作物的虚拟研究提出了一个新的研究思路.     

不同处理对四季秋海棠扦插生根的影响研究

以四季秋海棠为材料，进行扦插生根研究。试验结果表明：不同季节、不同基质、不同植物生长调节剂对四季秋海棠扦插生根有很大的影响，其中秋季扦插，以河沙做基质，以30mg/LNAA、30mg/LIAA或50mg/LIBA处理的插条生根效果较好。