不同采伐、集材方式对林地土壤理化性质影响的研究

选择５种不同集材方式的皆伐作业与采伐强度为３０％的择伐作业,进行土壤理化性质指标变化程度的比较。在考虑各种作业的集材量和集材道面积的情况下,经主成分分析得出不同采伐、集材方式对林地土壤理化性质的干扰程度。认为,以皆伐作业手扶拖拉机集材为最大,其次为皆伐作业土滑道集材,其余依次为皆伐作业半悬索道集材,皆伐作业手拉板车集材,皆伐作业全悬索道集材,最低为择伐作业人力集材。     

新型智能伐根清理机器人切削力的计算

本文是国家“863”项目——新型智能伐根清理机器人设计计算的一部分。切削力的大小是计算切削功率、设计切削加上设备和刀具的主要依据。本文根据伐根清理机器人设计的要求。以刀具旋切时的最不利情况——横锯切削为计算切削力的依据。适当选取修正系数计算出伐根机切削力及切削功率。乘以安全系数。以此作为机器人驱动元件——液压马达功率选择的依据。     

红壤丘陵山区人为活动对植被恢复影响研究

利用在湘南丘陵山区的2个长期定位试验,研究该地区自然植被恢复的情况。结果表明：频繁刈割不仅使植物的生物量逐年下降,植物种类减少,特别是抑制木本植物的生长。对该地区植被自然恢复过程中的白茅草问题进行的针对性研究证明,施肥可使白茅草过度繁殖而死亡。频繁刈割地力不断耗竭,白茅草生物量锐减,特别是在施氮肥的条件下生长最差。     

锯末基质中氮磷钾施用量与番茄幼苗生长的关系

研究了以V(锯末)∶V(蛭石)∶V(煤灰)=6∶2∶2为基质培育番茄幼苗时,基质中氮磷钾施用量与幼苗生长的关系.结果表明,氮、磷和氮磷互作对幼苗生长影响较大,在试验范围内,幼苗生长随氮磷施用量的增加而增加,成直线关系,幼苗各指标在尿素2 4kg·m-3,过磷酸钙29 5kg·m-3时达最大值.氮磷互作对幼苗生长也有促进效应,但磷对幼苗生长的效应取决于氮的水平.低氮时,幼苗生长随磷施用量的增加而减弱;高氮时,磷对幼苗生长则有促进作用.钾对幼苗的生长没有影响,所有偏回归系数均不显著.因此,在以该基质培育番茄苗时,可用氮磷复合肥液替代完全营养液.     

The potential for combining living wall and vertical farming systems with aquaponics with special emphasis on substrates

Aquaponics is a method of food production, growing fish and vegetables in a recirculating aquaculture system. Aquaponics uses the water from the fish to feed the plants in a totally natural way and like hydroponics, aquaponics is considered to be more sustainable as more plants can be grown per square metre compared to normal agriculture. However, as is the case with normal agriculture, in aquaponics plants are grown within horizontally. In aquaponics, using the UVI system, the ratio between fish tanks:filters:plant tanks is 2:1:5 which means that the plant tanks are occupying close to half of the production space. In order to reduce the spatial requirement for plants, which would make production even more sustainable, this research investigates aspects of combining living wall and vertical farming technologies in aquaponics. It is considered that by growing the plants vertically less space would be required. In this research living wall system is investigated but the main focus is on the potentials of using various inert substrates in the living wall systems for vertical aquaponics. The results showed that a pot system performs better in terms of management of the systems. With regard to substrates, horticultural grade coconut fibre and horticultural grade mineral wool outperformed other substrates.     

铁皮石斛栽培废料和菇渣配制基质对草莓生长、产量及品质的影响

以铁皮石斛栽培废料和菇渣为主要原料,与土壤按不同体积比配制成栽培基质,并以纯菇渣和纯铁皮石斛栽培废料为对照,进行草莓盆栽试验。结果表明,配制的栽培基质营养元素均衡丰富,容重、电导率、孔隙度、pH值等理化性质均适合草莓生长,不同配方的基质对草莓植株营养生长无显著影响,但配方H1(80%菇渣+20%土)和H5(80%铁皮石斛栽培废料+20%土)的草莓产量显著(P<0.05)高于其他配方,草莓可溶性固形物、维生素C、可溶性糖含量,以及固酸比均以配方H5最高。配方H5的综合栽培效果优于其他配方,适用作草莓栽培基质。     

常春油麻藤种子萌发和扦插繁殖试验

[目的]筛选常春油麻藤(Mucuna sempervirens)最佳播种和扦插繁殖技术。[方法]采用磨破种皮和不同温度的热水浸泡种子处理,开展种子发芽试验;采用L9(34)正交试验设计研究插穗年龄、激素种类、激素浓度对常春油麻藤扦插的影响。[结果]种子不经任何处理,发芽率为28.3%,将种皮磨破后播种,种子发芽率为71.6%,明显高于种皮完好的种子发芽率;用热水浸泡种子可提高种子发芽率,但影响不明显;插穗年龄对扦插生根有显著影响,其中1~2年生枝条扦插成活率最高,其次为多年生枝条,当年生嫩枝成活率最低,激素种类和激素浓度对生根率的影响较小。[结论]磨破种皮可明显提高常春油麻藤种子的发芽率,A2B3C2为扦插处理试验最优组合,即1~2年生枝条用200 mg/L的IBA处理,扦插生根率最高。     

核果类果树扦插繁殖研究进展

该文综合介绍了核果类果树扦插繁殖的环境条件、材料处理方法、扦插方式、插条的组织解剖以及插条的生理生化等几方面的研究进展.指出了核果类果树扦插繁殖的现状以及今后的发展趋势.     

Fish protein substrates can substitute effectively for poultry by-product meal when incorporated in high-quality senior dog diets

An experiment was conducted to analytically define several novel fish substrates and determine the effects of feeding diets containing these substrates on total tract nutrient digestibilities and on immune status of senior dogs. The control diet contained poultry by-product meal while test diets contained 20% milt meal (MM), pink salmon hydrolysate (PSH) and white fish meal (WFM) added at the expense of poultry by-product meal. Concentrations of lymphocytes positive for CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD21 cell-surface markers and immunoglobulin concentrations were measured. Gene expression of cytokines tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-, interleukin (IL)-6, interferon (IFN)-, IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Major compositional differences were noted among fish substrates but apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients and immune indices were not affected by treatment. Fish protein substrates were found to be effective substitutes for poultry by-product meal, providing diets of high nutritive value for senior dogs.     

油茶无性系扦插育苗成效研究

[目的]探寻油茶无性系扦插育苗与保留不同叶面积的关系。【方法】采用随机区组设计法对油茶不同无性系扦插育苗与保留不同叶面积之间的关系进行研究。【结果】3个油茶无性系、4个处理扦插育苗当年成活率在74．1％-86．3％之间,其中A,B1处理扦插成活率较高,达86.3％;各处理扦插苗当年抽梢率和抽梢高度均低,3个油茶无性系、4个处理扦插苗抽梢率和抽梢高度分别仅0．4％～3．2％和1．2—2．3cm。[结论]油茶无性系扦插育苗宜选择B,处理．即1片叶子保留1／2叶片面积。