锯末基质中氮磷钾施用量与番茄幼苗生长的关系

研究了以V(锯末)∶V(蛭石)∶V(煤灰)=6∶2∶2为基质培育番茄幼苗时,基质中氮磷钾施用量与幼苗生长的关系.结果表明,氮、磷和氮磷互作对幼苗生长影响较大,在试验范围内,幼苗生长随氮磷施用量的增加而增加,成直线关系,幼苗各指标在尿素2 4kg·m-3,过磷酸钙29 5kg·m-3时达最大值.氮磷互作对幼苗生长也有促进效应,但磷对幼苗生长的效应取决于氮的水平.低氮时,幼苗生长随磷施用量的增加而减弱;高氮时,磷对幼苗生长则有促进作用.钾对幼苗的生长没有影响,所有偏回归系数均不显著.因此,在以该基质培育番茄苗时,可用氮磷复合肥液替代完全营养液.     

The potential for combining living wall and vertical farming systems with aquaponics with special emphasis on substrates

Aquaponics is a method of food production, growing fish and vegetables in a recirculating aquaculture system. Aquaponics uses the water from the fish to feed the plants in a totally natural way and like hydroponics, aquaponics is considered to be more sustainable as more plants can be grown per square metre compared to normal agriculture. However, as is the case with normal agriculture, in aquaponics plants are grown within horizontally. In aquaponics, using the UVI system, the ratio between fish tanks:filters:plant tanks is 2:1:5 which means that the plant tanks are occupying close to half of the production space. In order to reduce the spatial requirement for plants, which would make production even more sustainable, this research investigates aspects of combining living wall and vertical farming technologies in aquaponics. It is considered that by growing the plants vertically less space would be required. In this research living wall system is investigated but the main focus is on the potentials of using various inert substrates in the living wall systems for vertical aquaponics. The results showed that a pot system performs better in terms of management of the systems. With regard to substrates, horticultural grade coconut fibre and horticultural grade mineral wool outperformed other substrates.     

铁皮石斛栽培废料和菇渣配制基质对草莓生长、产量及品质的影响

以铁皮石斛栽培废料和菇渣为主要原料,与土壤按不同体积比配制成栽培基质,并以纯菇渣和纯铁皮石斛栽培废料为对照,进行草莓盆栽试验。结果表明,配制的栽培基质营养元素均衡丰富,容重、电导率、孔隙度、pH值等理化性质均适合草莓生长,不同配方的基质对草莓植株营养生长无显著影响,但配方H1(80%菇渣+20%土)和H5(80%铁皮石斛栽培废料+20%土)的草莓产量显著(P<0.05)高于其他配方,草莓可溶性固形物、维生素C、可溶性糖含量,以及固酸比均以配方H5最高。配方H5的综合栽培效果优于其他配方,适用作草莓栽培基质。     

不同基质对番茄根际微生物、酶活性及幼苗生长的影响

以蛭石、炉渣、细沙、珍珠岩和草炭等为原料,按照不同组合与配比组成复合基质,筛选适用于番茄穴盘育苗的基质配方。结果表明,以草炭、炉渣、蛭石为原料,按1∶1∶1的体积比配成基质,其容重和总空隙度均处于适宜育苗的范围,保肥性能强;并且该基质处理的番茄幼苗根际微生物数量和酶活性水平显著高于对照（草炭与蛭石,体积比2∶1）,促进了番茄幼苗的生长,培育的番茄幼苗素质最佳,表现为番茄幼苗生长迅速、干物质积累快、壮苗指数大。因此,建议以草炭、炉渣、蛭石按1∶1∶1的体积比配制成复合基质,适用于番茄工厂化穴盘育苗生产。     

常春油麻藤种子萌发和扦插繁殖试验

[目的]筛选常春油麻藤(Mucuna sempervirens)最佳播种和扦插繁殖技术。[方法]采用磨破种皮和不同温度的热水浸泡种子处理,开展种子发芽试验;采用L9(34)正交试验设计研究插穗年龄、激素种类、激素浓度对常春油麻藤扦插的影响。[结果]种子不经任何处理,发芽率为28.3%,将种皮磨破后播种,种子发芽率为71.6%,明显高于种皮完好的种子发芽率;用热水浸泡种子可提高种子发芽率,但影响不明显;插穗年龄对扦插生根有显著影响,其中1~2年生枝条扦插成活率最高,其次为多年生枝条,当年生嫩枝成活率最低,激素种类和激素浓度对生根率的影响较小。[结论]磨破种皮可明显提高常春油麻藤种子的发芽率,A2B3C2为扦插处理试验最优组合,即1~2年生枝条用200 mg/L的IBA处理,扦插生根率最高。     

不同配比香菇菌渣基质对鲜食黄瓜幼苗生长的影响

[目的]研究不同堆沤处理香菇菌渣复合基质对鲜食黄瓜幼苗生长的影响。[方法]采用A、B、C 3种堆沤方法对香菇菌渣进行处理,测定和分析发酵过程中菌渣温度和EC值变化,将处理后的菌渣与草炭、珍珠岩、蛭石组成复合基质,并以“鼎丰98F1”鲜食黄瓜为供试品种进行育苗试验。[结果]采用B方法进行堆沤处理温度高时间短,腐熟效果较好;复合基质T5和T6的理化性质基本都在理想基质范围值内;除在出苗率方面低于对照外,处理T5（腐熟菌渣∶珍珠岩∶蛭石＝1∶2∶1）在株高、根长和干鲜重等方面均明显高于对照（CK）,处理T6（腐熟菌渣∶珍珠岩∶蛭石＝2∶1∶1）在根冠比和壮苗指数值上均为最大,且明显优于对照（CK）。[结论]复合基质T5和T6可以作为鲜食黄瓜的无土育苗基质在生产中应用。     

核果类果树扦插繁殖研究进展

该文综合介绍了核果类果树扦插繁殖的环境条件、材料处理方法、扦插方式、插条的组织解剖以及插条的生理生化等几方面的研究进展.指出了核果类果树扦插繁殖的现状以及今后的发展趋势.     

Fish protein substrates can substitute effectively for poultry by-product meal when incorporated in high-quality senior dog diets

An experiment was conducted to analytically define several novel fish substrates and determine the effects of feeding diets containing these substrates on total tract nutrient digestibilities and on immune status of senior dogs. The control diet contained poultry by-product meal while test diets contained 20% milt meal (MM), pink salmon hydrolysate (PSH) and white fish meal (WFM) added at the expense of poultry by-product meal. Concentrations of lymphocytes positive for CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD21 cell-surface markers and immunoglobulin concentrations were measured. Gene expression of cytokines tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-, interleukin (IL)-6, interferon (IFN)-, IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Major compositional differences were noted among fish substrates but apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients and immune indices were not affected by treatment. Fish protein substrates were found to be effective substitutes for poultry by-product meal, providing diets of high nutritive value for senior dogs.     

红桑扦插试验研究

研究了植物生长调节剂6-BA、6-KTI、BA、B9和乙烯利等对红桑插枝生根的影响。结果表明:不同植物生长调节剂对红桑扦插生根的影响不同,同一植物生长调节剂不同浓度对其生根也有所不同,其中6-BA以2 mg/L(处理插枝基部16.5 h)促进作用最好;6-KT以6mg/L(处理插枝基部16 h)促进作用最好;IBA以100 mg/L(处理插枝基部13.5 h)促进作用最好;而B9(≥200 mg/L)和乙烯利(≥0.5%)却对红桑插条有明显的抑制作用。