花生新品种粤油114的选育与栽培技术

高产多抗花生新品种粤油114是以粤油116、印度花皮和汕油27等优良品种资源为亲本,复合杂交选育而成。经过广东省区域试验、生产示范和抗病性鉴定试验,表明该品种为高抗锈病、叶斑病和青枯病的高产多抗品种,适宜华南花生产区水田及旱地轮作种植。2002年通过广东省农作物品种审定委员会审定。2006年获广东省科技进步三等奖。栽培上注意深耕、适期早播、施足基肥、及时除虫和防涝等措施。     

Enhancing the mineral and vitamin content of wheat and maize through plant breeding

More than half of the world's population suffers micronutrient undernourishment. The main sources of vitamins and minerals (iron, zinc, and vitamin A) for low-income rural and urban populations are staple foods of plant origin that often contain low levels or low bioavailability of these micronutrients. Biofortification aims to develop micronutrient-enhanced crop varieties through conventional plant breeding. HarvestPlus, the CGIAR's biofortification initiative, seeks to breed and disseminate crop varieties with enhanced micronutrient content that can improve the nutrition of the “hard to reach” (by fortification or supplementation programmes) rural and urban poor in targeted countries/regions. In attempting to enhance micronutrient levels in maize and wheat through conventional plant breeding, it is important to identify genetic resources with high levels of the targeted micronutrients, to consider the heritability of the targeted traits, to explore the availability of high throughput screening tools and to gain a better understanding of genotype by environment interactions. Biofortified maize and wheat varieties must have the trait combinations which encourage adoption such as high yield potential, disease resistance, and consumer acceptability. When defining breeding strategies and targeting micronutrient levels, researchers need to consider the desired micronutrient increases, food intake and retention and bioavailability as they relate to food processing, anti-nutritional factors and promoters. Finally, ex ante studies are required to quantify the burden of micronutrient deficiency and the potential of biofortification to achieve a significant improvement in human micronutrient status in the deficient target population in order to determine whether a biofortification program is cost-effective.     

2000年茶业展望

茶是世界上消费量仅次于水的一种饮料。本文从宏观角度分析了世界茶叶生产和茶叶科学的现状,并对２０００年进行展望。全文分茶叶生产、育种、茶园管理、病虫防治、茶叶加工、茶与人体健康六个部分对此进行了讨论。     

Review and Prospects on Rice Breeding and Extension in China

Rice is the most important food crop in China. In 2004, the planting area was about 2.8973×107 ha accounting for 28.5% of the total planting area of food crops, and the yield reached 1.7769×107 t accounting for 37.8% of the total food output. Breeding a…     

Variations in Concentration and Distribution of Health-Related Elements Affected by Environmental and Genotypic Differences in Rice Grains

Malnutrition is one of the major problems inmost of the developing countries, especially amongwomen, infants and children. Biofortification is a verynew strategy to enhance the bioavailability ofmicronutrients in staple food by using advancedbreeding meth…     

Transfer of Lysozyme Gene into indica Parents of Hybrid Rice by Backcrossing

Rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara), one of the major fungal diseases in rice fields all over the world, is induced by the ascomycetous fungus Magnaporthe grisea (Hebert) Barr [Anamorph: Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc.] [1]. According to the statistic…     

高产高淀粉多抗玉米杂交种品玉3号的选育研究

品玉3号是山西省农科院品种资源研究所以自选系293为母本,自选系383为父本,于2000年育成的玉米单交种。经多年试验示范表明,品玉3号比目前生产上应用的品种增产5%以上,具有增产潜力大、抗多种病害、淀粉含量高和制种产量高等特点,适宜在山西省春播中晚熟区及黄淮海夏播区种植。     

吉亚四号亚麻新品种的选育

吉亚四号是以Flandi为母本，以89-9为父本经杂交选育而成，具有高产、高纤、优质、抗倒伏、适应性广等特点。区域试验：平均每公顷原茎、长纤维和种子产量分别为6290．33kg、1308．01kg和672．43kg，分别比对照品种双亚5号增产12．72％、24．82％和12．58％。生产试验平均每公顷原茎、长纤维和种子产量分别为6309kg、1288．54kg和693．83kg，分别比对照品种双亚5号增产13．02%%、24．05％和16．68％。长麻率20．4％，全麻率29．11％，纤维强度27．3kg。     

菘蓝优质高产技术研究综述

本文综述了菘蓝优质高产技术的研究进展,旨在为从事菘蓝栽培育种研究与生产提供依据,促进中药产业的发展。     

苎麻分子育种与饲料用苎麻研究进展

苎麻遗传育种是提高其产量和品质的重要手段之一，由于育种技术的进步和苎麻新用途的开发．近年来苎麻育种领域发生新的变化。本文对中国农业科学院麻类研究所近年来在苎麻分子育种和饲料用苎麻研究两方面所做的主要研究工作和重要进展进行了概述和总结。