犬常见皮肤病的日常诊护

犬皮肤病是犬临床诊治中常见病之一。犬因品种、年龄、个体、营养、生活环境等不同而引起的皮肤病有很大的差异。本文就几种常见的犬皮肤病的不同的临床症状进行了简要综述,旨在给饲养者提供一些早期的、简单的鉴别及诊断,能尽快做出相应的预防和护理措施,并及时就诊。     

Comparison of Blood Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Two Kinds of Minipigs in Different Altitudes

This study was designed to compare the blood physiological and biochemical parameters between plateau Juema minipigs and plain Bama minipigs,and provide a theoretical basis for Juema minipigs served as experimental animals in the future.The blood samples of Juema minipigs were taken in Gannan,and the blood samples of the Bama minipigs were taken in Xi'an,24 blood physiological and biochemical parameters were tested using an automatic analyzer of blood cells and biochemistry.Between the plateau Juema minipigs and Bama minipigs,there were significant differences in PLT,RDW-CV and RDW-SD (P< 0.05) and extremely significant differences in RBC,HGB,HCT,MCH,MCMH,GGT,GLU and CRE (P< 0.01).The plateau Juema minipig had an altitude acclimatization,so it was better than Bama minipig in plateau medical science.     

药物防治蝇害的研究进展

蝇害已经成为危害规模化畜禽养殖的重要问题。文章回顾了防治蝇害的三代杀虫剂的发展过程和存在的问题 ;展望了作为新一代环境友好防治蝇害药物的昆虫生长调节剂的开发前景。     

应用草地农业系统理论发展半农半牧区农村经济

在半农半牧区,草地农业系统的植物生产过程应包含种植生植物和一年生饲料作物两方面,动物生产过程是以草食畜禽为主综合发展的畜牧业生产,把草地农业系统理论应用到生产实践中,就是广泛建立生态模式家庭牧场,以期达到增加收入和农牧业持发展的目的。规划固定饲物用地可使耕种农业形成新的三元种植结构。畜牧业的发展和农业种植结构的变化,必将促进农村经济的有效和可持续发展。     

疫苗、药物对仔猪黄白痢的控制效果观察

对248头仔猪采用免疫预防仔猪黄白痢，224头仔猪用畜痢灵、消维康两种药物预防黄白痢，结果表明免疫预防后仔猪的成活率87.5%，药物预防后的成活率为95.3%和96.3%，预防后的断乳重三组极显著高于对照组，而三组内无显著性差异。另外对520头发生黄白痢的仔猪用药物治疗，结果畜痢灵的治愈率最高，达91.6%；断乳重比较发现三种药物与对照组均出现显著性差异，畜痢灵组断乳重极显著地高于免疫组，其它组与免疫组无显著性差异。     

药用真菌云芝的研究进展

云芝Coriolus versicolor是具有药用价值的木腐性大型真菌,其多糖能提高人体免疫力,具有护肝、抗癌等功效。笔者对云芝的分类、形态特征、地理分布、生物学特性、人工培养方法、化学活性成分、药理活性等方面的研究现状进行综述,以期为云芝进一步开发利用提供参考。     

Comparison of fecal culture and F57 real-time polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Swiss cattle herds with a history of paratuberculosis

Background

Bovine paratuberculosis is an incurable chronic granulomatous enteritis caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). The prevalence of MAP in the Swiss cattle population is hard to estimate, since only a few cases of clinical paratuberculosis are reported to the Swiss Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office each year.Fecal samples from 1,339 cattle (855 animals from 12 dairy herds, 484 animals from 11 suckling cow herds, all herds with a history of sporadic paratuberculosis) were investigated by culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for shedding of MAP.

Results

By culture, MAP was detected in 62 of 445 fecal pools (13.9%), whereas PCR detected MAP in 9 of 445 pools (2.0%). All 186 samples of the 62 culture-positive pools were reanalyzed individually. By culture, MAP was grown from 59 individual samples (31.7%), whereas PCR detected MAP in 12 individual samples (6.5%), all of which came from animals showing symptoms of paratuberculosis during the study. Overall, MAP was detected in 10 out of 12 dairy herds (83.3%) and in 8 out of 11 suckling cow herds (72.7%).

Conclusions

There is a serious clinically inapparent MAP reservoir in the Swiss cattle population. PCR cannot replace culture to identify individual MAP shedders but is suitable to identify MAP-infected herds, given that the amount of MAP shed in feces is increasing in diseased animals or in animals in the phase of transition to clinical disease.     

2012―2013年猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒河南流行株的分离鉴定及分子流行病学调查

为了解河南地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）流行毒株的遗传变异情况和发展趋势。通过RT-PCR方法,对2012―2013年采自河南省各地疑似病料进行PRRSV检测,并对阳性病料进行病毒分离鉴定及分子流行病学分析。结果显示：54份疑似病料中17份检测为阳性,阳性率为31.5%,并分离出3株PRRSV;通过完整的ORF5基因和部分NSP2基因序列遗传进化分析表明,河南地区流行毒株主要为美洲型PRRSV,且17份阳性样品中10份与高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（HP-PRRSV）高度同源、2份与经典PRRSV高度同源、另外5份与美洲流行毒株NADC30高度同源,该类毒株的NSP2基因在不同部位存在393个核苷酸缺失,国内尚未见相关报道。结果表明,2012―2013年河南地区PRRSV主要流行毒株为HP-PRRSV,同时出现了新的变异毒株,使河南地区乃至我国PRRSV变异种类更加多样化,提示加强PRRSV流行及变异的监测十分必要。     

四川家兔传染性皮肤霉菌病发生情况调查与分析

对四川省肉兔主产区、獭兔产区、毛兔产区15个县（市）948个不同规模养兔场（户）进行调查,结果显示：有明显传染性皮肤霉菌病的兔场达22．5％,严重影响了养兔生产和经济效益。结合调查结果,分析了该病的流行特点、临床症状等,指出了该病在生产上的识别特点。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征防控方法研究进展

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)是危害养猪业的一种高度传染性疾病,在临床上以母猪流产、死胎等繁殖障碍以及仔猪呼吸道症状和高死亡率为特征,给养猪业造成了严重的经济损失.目前,PRRS的诊断与综合防治技术已成为国内外兽医学家研究的热点.论文简要概述了近几年来我国对PRRS病原学、临床症状、诊断学及其防控等方面的研究进展,并对当前存在的问题进行了讨论.