白菜软腐病生防菌B-13最佳培养条件研究

对白菜软腐病生防菌B-13进行了最佳培养条件研究。单因子及正交试验结果表明,氮源对B-13生物活性的影响最大,其次是碳源,NaCl的影响较小;B-13发酵培养基的理想配方为:2%玉米粉+1%酵母膏+1.5%NaCl。B-13的最佳初始pH值是7.5,最适温度为35℃,最佳接种量为3%,最佳培养时间为30 h。     

培养基组成及发酵条件对黑曲霉变种产α-半乳糖苷酶的影响

    为获得高产α-半乳糖苷酶,通过单因素实验,研究黑曲霉变种Aspergillus niger v. Tiegh CGMCC1182在固态发酵条件下产α-半乳糖苷酶的培养基组成和发酵条件,继而采用Ln18(37)正交试验设计,对影响黑曲霉A. niger v.Tiegh CGMCC1182产α-半乳糖苷酶的7个主要因素进行研究,对影响产酶的重要因素进一步优化.结果表明,黑曲霉变种A. niger v. Tiegh CGMCC1182产α-半乳糖苷酶的最适培养基组成为:麸皮∶豆粕=7∶3(W/W),在此基础上添加2.0%的棉子糖、2.5%的(NH4)2SO4和0.5%的MgSO4;产酶最适发酵条件为:培养温度30 ℃,培养基含水率55%,培养基装量为250 mL三角瓶中装入14 g培养基,接入10%(V/W)的孢子悬浮液(孢子浓度107个·mL-1),静置培养68 h获得最高α-半乳糖苷酶产量,酶活达308.5 U·g-1.     

淮北地区氮肥群体最高生产力水稻钾素吸收利用特征

以淮北地区有代表性的34个中熟中粳品种为试材,设置7个氮肥水平(0、150.0、187.5、225.0、262.5、300.0、337.5 kg hm~(–2)),得出各品种的最高产量,将该最高产量定义为氮肥群体最高生产力。在此基础上,明确处于顶层水平(≥10.50 t hm~(–2))、高层水平(9.75~10.50 t hm~(–2))、中层水平(9.00~9.75 t hm~(–2))和底层水平(≤9.00 t hm~(–2))水稻品种的钾素积累、分配及转运特征。结果表明,4个生产力等级水稻品种地上部植株、茎鞘和叶片的含钾率在拔节期最高;抽穗期顶层水平品种的这3个参数高于其他3个等级的品种;穗部含钾率差异不显著。随着氮肥群体生产力等级的提高,钾素总积累量增多;拔节前底层水平钾素积累量最多,两年平均为120.56 kg hm~(–2),比例占50.56%,顶层水平为最少,两年平均为108.02 kg hm~(–2),比例占35.99%;拔节至抽穗期和抽穗至成熟期顶层水平钾素阶段积累量及比例显著高于其他3个等级。移栽至拔节期,钾素积累速率为中层底层高层顶层水平,拔节后则为顶层高层中层底层水平。叶片的钾素转运量及转运率明显高于茎鞘;顶层水平叶片的钾素转运量高于其他3个等级,高层水平叶片的转运率最高;穗部增加量随生产力等级的递增而变大;抽穗到成熟期,茎鞘、叶片对穗的钾素转运贡献率表现为底层最高,中层次之,顶层最低。4个等级水稻品种籽粒生产率和百千克籽粒吸钾量差异不显著;钾素偏生产力和钾收获指数均表现为顶层高层中层底层水平。总之,氮肥群体最高生产力越高,水稻中后期植株钾素积累量及器官对钾素的吸收利用效率越显著。抽穗后保持较高的钾素吸收利用及转运效率是高产水稻品种的重要特征。     

中微量元素对雪茄烟叶的施用效果

为了探究不同中微量元素在雪茄烟上的施用效果,本研究采用田间试验的方法,对比了增施不同中微量元素肥料对雪茄烟烟叶产量、产值、等级结构及表观品质的影响。中微量元素施用能够提高烟叶总产量,其中施用锌肥总产量提升最高可达1716kg/hm2。施用Ca、Mg、Zn和B通过提高中上部烟叶茄衣、茄套产量,改善烟叶等级结构,从而提高产值。施用B处理茄衣产量和烟叶产值均最高,分别可达到21.36%和16.7万元/hm2。施用中微量元素能调节叶表观质量以及烟叶化学协调性,但并无显著性提升。因此,在丹江口烟区增施中微量元素有利于雪茄烟生长,其中增施适宜B肥有利于烟叶产量、茄衣产量及经济价值的提升。     

Use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for characterization of focal splenic lesions.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was used to study focal and multifocal lesions of the spleen in 26 dogs and two cats affected by 11 benign and 18 malignant splenic diseases. A second-generation microbubble contrast medium (Sonovue) was injected into the cephalic vein and enhancement patterns were subjectively described and time intensity curves calculated. Final diagnosis was obtained by histopathologic examination after splenectomy (n=19) or by needle aspiration and sonographic follow-up after 4 and 8 weeks (n=9). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters, improving the characterization between benign and malignant lesions, were established. The most useful criterion was the hypoechogenicity of the lesion in the wash-out phase combined with the presence of tortuous feeding vessels, which was observed in association with malignancy. All malignant lesions were hypoechoic to the surrounding spleen 30s after starting the contrast medium injection. Lymphosarcoma and hemangiosarcoma had characteristic perfusion patterns. Lymphosarcoma had rapid time to peak and early wash-out phase with a honeycomb pattern during the wash-out. Hemangiosarcomas were large nonperfused masses in all phases surrounded by hypervascular splenic parenchyma. Benign lesions except one hematoma and a benign histiocytoma had the same perfusion pattern as the surrounding spleen. Ultrasonographic and contrast-enhanced ultrasound findings of an accessory spleen are reported. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can improve the characterization of focal or multifocal lesions of the spleen.     

监控系统图象信号传输线缆的选择

论述了监控系统图象信号传输中同轴电缆、双绞线和光纤的特点和传输特性,并对其技术性能进行了分析。     

平菇菌株诱变处理及应用初探

为了探讨平菇菌株诱变处理与应用。在平菇培养中,以马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基为基本培养基,设栽培袋培养料A、B、C和D 4个配方,利用紫外线(照射时间分别为为0.51、0和15 min)对平菇菌丝体进行诱变处理,筛选高产优良菌株。利用紫外线对平菇菌丝体进行诱变处理筛选出了高产优良菌株,其菌丝生长表现为生长速度快、菌丝洁白、健壮等特点。与对照(固体棉籽皮培养基)相比,该处理原种和栽培种的菌丝体可提前10~15 d长好,液体菌种比固体菌种可提前10~15 d长满菌袋,提前20~30 d出菇。不同的培养基配方,其产量存在差异,以配方A(以棉籽皮87%,麸皮或米糠10%为主要成分)产量最高,生物学效率达98.7。利用液体培养生产菌种,采用培养基配方A栽培平菇,具有栽培周期短、简化栽培程序,降低成本,提高平菇的品质、产量高和成品率高等优点。     

多花黑麦草特高和多年生黑麦草四季高频组培再生体系的优化与建立

对在贵州地区广泛种植的多花黑麦草特高(Lolium multiflorum‘Tetragold’)和多年生黑麦草四季(L.perenne‘Four seasons’)的成熟种子进行了愈伤组织诱导及植株再生的研究,建立了两个品种的胚性愈伤组织高频诱导与再生体系。结果表明,剥去成熟种子的颖壳,切除1/3胚乳端,将特高接种于CC+7mg·L~(-1) 2,4-D+0.5mg·L~(-1) 6-BA、四季接种于CC+5mg·L~(-1) 2,4-D+0.5 mg·L~(-1) 6-BA的培养基中,在明显降低组培污染率的同时,能分别得到65.52%和63.55%的最高愈伤组织诱导率;将两个品种诱导出的愈伤组织转移在MS+0.5 mg·L~(-1) 2,4-D+0.5mg·L~(-1) 6-BA+1.25mg·L~(-1) CuSO4+1.0g·L~(-1) CH的继代培养基上,能促进质量较好的Ⅱ型胚性愈伤组织的形成;根据后续转化试验所选用的植物表达载体pCAMBIA 1300的抗性特点,30~40mg·L~(-1)的潮霉素是两个品种愈伤组织最佳的筛选剂和临界浓度;特高的胚性愈伤组织接种在MS+2.0 mg·L~(-1) 6-BA+0.5 mg·L~(-1) NAA+0.1mg·L~(-1) TDZ的培养基上,可以产生86.37%的最高分化率,四季的胚性愈伤组织接种在MS+6.0 mg·L~(-1) 6-BA+0.3mg·L~(-1) NAA+5.0mg·L~(-1) KT的培养基上,能得到85.40%的最高分化率;生根培养基1/2MS+0.5 mg·L~(-1)NAA+0.5mg·L~(-1) IAA能让两个品种分化出的不定芽形成100%的生根率;以腐殖土∶蛭石∶砂壤土=1∶1∶1的混合材料作为营养土,能保证组培再生苗达到99%以上的成活率。优化建立的高频组培再生体系为下一步的遗传转化奠定了基础。     

SPONTANEOUS RESOLUTION OF A PSEUDOANEURYSM IN A HORSE FOLLOWING ANGIOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS

Angiography in a horse was used to confirm a pseudoaneurysm of the dorsal metatarsal artery originating from trauma. Gradual clinical resolution of the pseudoaneurysm occurred within days following the procedure. A follow-up angiogram confirmed the clinical impression. An etiology of the spontaneous resolution is presented. Probable influences included technical factors of the injection procedure that caused prolonged presence of the contrast medium within the aneurysmal sac and factors that enhance thrombus formation during angiography.     

花生褐斑病菌产孢条件的研究

花生褐斑病菌(Cercospora arachidicola Hori)在花生秆汁培养基上的产孢量优于前人推荐的3种培养基。培养过程中,不同光照处理对病菌产孢不敏感;不同温度处理产孢量有显著差异。