日本结缕草叶斑病病原鉴定及其生物学特性研究

从日本结缕草Zoysia japonica发病叶片上分离得到病原菌,对病原菌进行形态特征观察、致病性测定及其生物学特性研究.结果表明,该病原菌为Bipolaris hawaiiensis.该菌能利用多种碳源和氮源,其中以蔗糖为最适碳源,以KNO3为最适氮源;菌丝生长最适温度为25～30 ℃;最适pH值7～9.菌丝的致死温度为70℃/15 min.PDA平板药剂筛选结果表明,30%爱苗的抑菌效果最好,15%三唑酮的效果最差.     

草坪草分蘖特征及调控机理研究进展

分蘖是草坪草的重要特征之一,直接影响草坪草的耐践踏性及坪用价值。从草坪草分蘖类型、形成过程及分蘖形态特征等方面阐述了草坪草的分蘖特征,并从生长素、细胞分裂素等内源激素及碳水化合物,氮素等营养物质的类型和含量分析探讨了影响草坪草分蘖的调控机理。以期为草坪草分蘖调控机制的进一步研究及针对性地提出养护对策提供参考。     

云南武定鸡肉品质分析

本试验对230日龄武定鸡不同性别和部位的肉质物理特性指标进行了测定分析。结果显示:①性别对230日龄武定鸡的肉质物理特性影响不大,仅在嫩度上母鸡优于公鸡,且差异显著(P<0.05);②部位对230日龄武定鸡肉质的物理特性有很明显的影响(P<0.05),胸肌的嫩度、贮藏损失、L值、b值均显著高于腿肌,而a值、pH值显著低于腿肌,只有系水率在胸部和腿部间没有显著差异(P>0.05);③阉割可以改善武定鸡肉质。     

关于苜蓿产业发展对粮食安全影响的政治经济学思考

“三聚氰胺”事件后,国内对于优质奶产品的需求骤升,苜蓿（Medicago spp.）作为“牧草之王”,苜蓿产业作为“牛奶生产的第一车间”,愈加受到人们的关注。同时,也又一次引发人们对国内牧草产业如何发展的思考。本研究基于国家粮食安全和综合效益的视角下,在探讨粮食安全和食物安全的实质内涵以及奶产业素质提升的必要条件的基础上,重点实证分析了苜蓿产业发展对粮食安全的影响,并就未来如何发展苜蓿产业提出了自己的看法和见解,以期为我国苜蓿产业和奶业的发展提供参考。     

内蒙古驼绒藜属牧草的初步研究

驼绒藜属牧草是耐旱、抗寒、高产、优质的半灌木优良牧草。各种家畜均喜采食,用于冷季补饲更为理想。内蒙古草原化荒漠及荒漠区分布有驼绒藜,干草原及荒漠草原区分布有华北驼绒藜。探讨了内蒙古驼绒藜属牧草的生态生物学特性、种类分布及利用情况、栽培要点。     

加入WTO对重庆市粮食产业发展的影响与对策研究

通过对中国加入WTO后在粮食产业发展上面临的国内外形势的比较分析，指出了我国粮食产业发展在加入WTO的新形势下如何发展的问题，同时结合重庆市粮食生产情况，为重庆市粮食产业发展提出了一系列的建设性意见和对策，以应对加入WTO对我国及重庆市粮食产业带来的冲击，对把握重庆市粮食产业的发展方向有一定的指导意义。     

2008～2009年国内外蜂王浆研究概况

对2008～2009年国内外蜂王浆的研究和专利公开情况进行了综述。从年度、地域和研究领域等方面对研究情况进行了统计和比较,就蜂王浆的成分测定、基因与蛋白质组分析、生理药理学功能验证和产业发展等方面的研究成果以及最新专利公开信息和新兴技术的应用情况进行了介绍,并对蜂王浆研究发展的趋势和方向进行了展望。     

提升我国农产品加工业的途径

改革开放30年来,我国农产品加工业取得了长足发展．但与国外发达国家相比还存在较大差距。提升我国农产品加工业的途径主要有：制定并落实扶持政策：以食品精深加工作为重点,以龙头企业为主干;优化产品结构,大力发展主导产业,优先发展品牌企业;加大技术投入,加快技术创新,提升自主创新能力;按照国际标准完善农产品加工质量标准体系;加强农产品原料生产基地建设;降低农产品加工企业的税负;构建营销体系,发挥协会作用,提升服务水平等。     

Yield and growth characteristics for cotton under various irrigation regimes on sandy soil

Over-watering cotton wastes a valuable and scarce resource; it can also lead to rank growth, nutrient leaching, and contaminated groundwater. Since under-watering can decrease yields, the question becomes one of finding the optimum application regime. An irrigation experiment was set up to apply water at six different application rates, ranging from 33% to 144% of normal, with hopes of identifying the regime that produces maximum yield. Two cultivars, Acala Maxxa and Acala PhytoGen-72 (Gossypium hirsutum L.), were planted on sandy soil and irrigated daily with a highly efficient subsurface drip irrigation system for four seasons. The results showed that on the average there was no significant difference in the yield of the two cultivars and there was no significant difference in the yield for the three wettest treatments. The driest of the three wettest treatments, treatment 4, was a critical point on the water production function curve. It represented the least amount of water applied that still produced essentially maximum yield, and it had the highest water use efficiency. This critical level of water application during mid-season was found to be, on the average, 95% of Class A pan evaporation; it corresponded to a total seasonal application of 654 mm of water. Any application less than this critical level decreased yields. Reducing the water application by 5% below the critical level caused about a 4.6% reduction in yield. The critical level produced a soil moisture level that remained nearly constant throughout the season. The final plant height was closely related to the depth of water applied, with the wettest treatment producing plant heights of 2.0 m, and the driest treatment producing plant heights of 0.6 m. At the extremes of the water application rates there were some small differences in the early-season growth rate of the plants, but the main cause of differences in final plant height was the date of cutout (cessation of main stem node production). The length of season for the driest treatment was about 4 weeks shorter than for the wettest treatment on both cultivars. Results showed that deficit irrigation of cotton on sandy soil can greatly reduce yield, and the practice should probably be avoided.     

江西樟树害虫的发生、危害特点与IPM策略

樟树是江西省省树,在全省范围推广种植多年,樟树虫害发生呈逐年上升趋势。据前期调查数据及文献资料,汇总统计江西樟树害虫179种,其中,重要害虫26种,占14.5%,次重要害虫23种,占12.8%,非重要害虫130种,占72.6%,包括重要食叶害虫樟叶蜂、泡桐叶甲、黄刺蛾、丽绿刺蛾、褐边绿刺蛾、樗蚕、龙眼裳卷蛾、樟巢丛螟等;重要刺吸性害虫六点始叶螨、樟脊网蝽、黑刺粉虱、樟木虱、樟白轮盾蚧、思茅壶蚧等;重要钻蛀性害虫家白蚁、黄翅大白蚁、黑翅土白蚁、吉安樟筒天牛等;重要地下害虫粉白金龟、黑绒金龟等。据危害方式、发生特点将其归为强生态适应性害虫、r类害虫、隐蔽性害虫与嗜食性害虫,由此有针对性地提出其IPM策略。