Modeling co-occurrence of northern spotted and barred owls: Accounting for detection probability differences

Barred owls (Strix varia) have recently expanded their range and now encompass the entire range of the northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). This expansion has led to two important issues of concern for management of northern spotted owls: (1) possible competitive interactions between the two species that could contribute to population declines of northern spotted owls, and (2) possible changes in vocalization behavior and detection probabilities of northern spotted owls induced by presence of barred owls. We used a two-species occupancy model to investigate whether there was evidence of competitive exclusion between the two species at study locations in Oregon, USA. We simultaneously estimated detection probabilities for both species and determined if the presence of one species influenced the detection of the other species. Model selection results and associated parameter estimates provided no evidence that barred owls excluded spotted owls from territories. We found strong evidence that detection probabilities differed for the two species, with higher probabilities for northern spotted owls that are the object of current surveys. Non-detection of barred owls is very common in surveys for northern spotted owls, and detection of both owl species was negatively influenced by the presence of the congeneric species. Our results suggest that analyses directed at hypotheses of barred owl effects on demographic or occupancy vital rates of northern spotted owls need to deal adequately with imperfect and variable detection probabilities for both species.     

中小型企业技术情报服务平台的构建

将内容管理技术和技术情报工作结合起来,构建了基于Plone／Zope内容管理系统的企业技术情报服务平台。对中小型企业快速经济地建立技术情报体系,进行技术情报交流有一定借鉴作用。     

利用Asia1型口蹄疫病毒VP1蛋白的单克隆抗体建立单抗竞争ELISA方法

应用纯化的Asia1型口蹄疫病毒VP1蛋白作为抗原,采用过碘酸钠法标记纯化的单抗,建立了单抗竞争ELISA,检测10份阳性猪口蹄疫血清及200多份阴性血清,试验结果与样品的背景相一致。敏感性试验和重复试验结果表明,该方法具有稳定和敏感等特性,适合Asia1型猪口蹄疫病毒抗体的监测。     

论我国农业竞争情报活动的特殊性与分析模型组合——农业CI研究理论体系构建及其实证研究（一）

在总结我国农业竞争情报活动具有的四大特殊性的基础上,研究提出了开展农业竞争情报分析的模型组合框架,并且就如何根据模型组合要求进行信息搜集的四种途径与类型展开深入讨论。     

中国竹藤家具、竹地板国际市场竞争力评价及建议

以2007—2016年间竹藤家具、竹地板贸易数据为基础,选取国际市场占有率、贸易竞争力指数和显示性比较优势指数来分析中国竹藤家具、竹地板的国际竞争力。结果表明:中国竹藤家具、竹地板国际市场占有率较高,贸易竞争优势较大,显示性比较优势明显,但竹地板的显示性比较优势指数逐年下降。基于此,提出通过科技创新提高产品附加值、优化出口产品结构等建议。     

可乐定ELISA检测试剂盒的研制及其性能评价

本研究通过制备可乐定完全抗原,免疫新西兰大白兔,得到特异性多克隆抗体,并和HRP标记的羊抗兔,构建间接ELISA检测法试剂盒,并进行性能测试评价。结果表明,吸光度百分比值与赛庚啶质量浓度的对数在0.1-8.1μg/L呈线性关系,相关系数R₂为0.977,半数抑制浓度(IC₅₀)为0.675μg/L,检测限为0.2μg/L,回收率为81% ～109%,具备良好的特异性,可用于动物尿样、血清和组织中的可乐定残留检测。     

Effect of lowering the root/shoot ratio by pruning roots on water use efficiency and grain yield of winter wheat

A pot and a field experiment were conducted to assess the effects of root/shoot ratio (R/S) on the water use efficiency (WUE) and grain yield of winter wheat. The R/S was regulated by pruning the roots during the stem elongation stage, resulting in reduced root systems of the plants. At the heading stage, the root dry weight of root-pruned plants was less than that of intact-root plants, but their R/S was similar to that of intact-root plants under both experimental conditions. After tiller pruning, the R/S of root-pruned plants was significantly lower than that of intact-root plants (p < 0.05). Root pruning reduced the rate of leaf transpiration and lowered the number of tillers per plant (p < 0.05) during the vegetative stage. As a result, root-pruned wheat showed reduced water use when compared to intact-root plants before heading (p < 0.05). At anthesis, there was no significant difference in transpiration between plants with intact roots and those with pruned roots in the pots. However, under field conditions, transpiration of root-pruned plants was significantly higher than that of intact-root plants at anthesis. Additionally, at anthesis root-pruned plants had a higher rate of leaf photosynthesis and lower rate of root respiration, which resulted in a significantly higher grain yield at maturity when compared to plants with intact roots. Under both experimental conditions, there were no significant differences in shoot dry weight per plant between root-pruned and intact-root plants grown in monoculture. When root-pruned plants were grown with intact-root plants, the root-pruned wheat was less productive and had a lower relative shoot dry weight (0.78 and 0.86, respectively) than the intact-root plants (1.24 and 1.16, respectively). These results suggest that plants with pruned roots had a lower ability to compete and to acquire and use the same resources in the mixture when compared with intact-root plants. Root pruning improved the WUE of winter wheat under both experimental conditions. This suggests that appropriate management for the root system/tillers in wheat crops can be used to increase grain yield and water use efficiency. Specifically, lowering the R/S improved the grain yield and WUE of winter wheat significantly by lowering its competitive ability and improving root efficiency. Therefore, drought-resistance breeding to improve the grain yield and WUE, at least for wheat, should be made by targeted selection of less competitive progeny with a small R/S for cultivation in arid and semiarid areas.     

中国对日本水果出口影响因素分析

介绍了中国对日本水果出口贸易现状,然后运用改进的CMS模型,分2个层次实证分析中国对日水果出口的影响因素。结果表明,日本的进口需求规模是造成出口波动的最主要原因,其次是中国出口水果的竞争力和产品结构。中国水果在日本市场份额的提升促进了出口增长,但出口的水果类别并没有瞄准日本正确的进口市场,果汁产品的出口比重有待提高。最后,作者根据模型分析的结果和各类水果的竞争力指数,提出促进水果出口的相应对策。     

基于SNS的企业竞争情报搜集

介绍了SNS含义、类型和特点以及基于SNS人际网络的优点,在此基础上提出SNS对企业竞争情报获取、人才情报获取上的实际应用。最后提出防止对手通过SNS获取本企业情报的措施。     

论述竞争情报与当今社会的密切关系

竞争情报是一种过程,是一种产品,既是一种过程又是一种产品。在当今社会高速迅猛发展的时候,竞争情报凸显出一种不可替代的重要性,它被社会引导着向前发展,同时也带动着社会向一种更科学的方向前进,所以竞争情报与当今社会保持着一种密切的关系。阐述了竞争情报的科学概念和理论基础,同时研究了竞争情报与社会的关系和发展趋势,最终达到让人们清楚地认识到竞争情报的重要性、科学性。