EMS诱变的普通小麦豫农201突变体库的构建与初步分析

为了构建小麦EMS突变体库,为小麦功能基因组学研究准备基础材料,利用化学诱变剂甲基磺酸乙酯(Ethyl methane sulfonate,EMS)溶液诱变处理豫农201种子,对获得的M2代植株进行农艺性状及其他生物学性状的表型筛选,结果共获得722份叶、茎、穗和其他性状发生变异的突变体,其中139份叶片性状突变、220份茎秆性状突变、38份穗部和籽粒性状突变、325份其他性状突变,突变频率分别为2.20%、3.49%、0.60%、5.15%.利用SDS-PAGE对突变体的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基进行分析,共发现有21个缺失不同类型亚基的突变体.本研究初步构建的豫农201 EMS突变群体可应用于小麦功能基因组研究和小麦遗传改良.     

临夏州不同种植区马铃薯播种适期研究

临夏州马铃薯种植区域主要分布在无灌溉条件,年降雨量不足200 mm的干旱山地和年降雨量约600 mm的山二阴地,以及灌溉便利,年降雨量在500 mm左右的川塬区。通过种植区域、播种时间和栽培措施3因素对比试验,以产量、病害损失和经济效益做综合分析对比,得出临夏州春旱较频繁的干旱山地和山二阴地区应适当推迟播期至5月上旬左...     

黄淮麦区小麦品种春化光周期基因型及其与产量性状的相关性

为了解新品种的春化和光周期基因的显隐性组成及对产量的影响,以2011-2012年度国家冬小麦品种区域试验黄淮南片的42个小麦品种为材料,用STS标记对Vrn-A1、Vrn-B1、Vrn-D1、Vrn-B3四个春化基因和光周期基因Ppd-D1位点进行检测,并结合供试材料的农艺性状,探讨春化基因显隐性组成与品种的冬春性、抽穗期及产量性状的相关性.结果表明,42个小麦品种均含有光周期非敏感型等位变异Ppd-D1a.各显性春化基因中,Vrn-D1的出现频率和含有其的品种(系)数最高(38.1％和16);Vrn-A1与每穗小穗数呈显著负相关;Vrn-B1与抽穗期呈显著正相关,与每穗小穗数和产量呈显著负相关;Vrn-D1与抽穗期呈极显著正相关.在春化基因组合中,vrn-A1+ vrn-B1+ vrn-D1与抽穗期呈极显著负相关,与每穗小穗数呈显著正相关;Vrn-A1+vrn-B1+vrn-D1与每穗小穗数呈显著负相关;vrn-A1+ vrn-B1+ Vrn-D1与抽穗期呈显著正相关.说明在小麦可以正常成熟的前提下,对产量等性状有正向作用的最佳春化基因型组合为Vrn-A1+vrn-B1+ vrn-D1.     

番茄种质资源主要生物学性状观察与评价

以41份番茄种质资源为试材,对其生物学性状、品质、抗病性进行鉴定评价,从中选出2份综合性状优良、果实商品性状好,7份种质抗病性较好,5份性状特异的资源,为番茄新品种选育提供借鉴。     

中国海洋病毒研究进展

论述了近10余年来(1990-2003)我国海洋病毒研究状况。包括对虾和其它无脊椎动物、鱼的病毒病及其诊断检测技术和防治。并对我国海洋病毒学今后研究提出一些看法。     

鲤和草鱼杂交中雄核发育子代的研究

在鱼类远缘杂交中,有可能自发产生雄核发育子代,但机率很小。stanley等(1976)对以色列镜鲤♀×草鱼♂杂交中雄核发育草鱼的研究,是至今为止通过杂交获得存活的雄核发育子代的唯一报道,国内未见同类报道,只有刘汉勤等(1987)用移核手段获得过泥鳅雄核发育纯合二倍体幼鱼。吴维新等在1978年开始进行的兴国红鲤与草鱼杂交试验中,曾发现过具有草鱼形态的“草鱼型杂种”,但都在     

国外养殖罗非鱼研究进展

<正> 3 罗非鱼的饵料研究罗非鱼在幼鱼时期以浮游动物为食,随着长大逐渐转为杂食性。对于鲢鳙鱼较难消化的藻类,罗非鱼也能消化利用。因此国外在投饵施肥的池塘中多养殖罗非鱼以获得良好的经济效益。美国奥本大学试验证明,每周每公顷施鸡粪1000kg,养殖罗非鱼经济效益最好。精养罗非鱼塘放养罗非鱼75000尾/ha,产量可高达30000kg/ha以上。为控制池塘水质,以色列最早证实罗氏沼虾和斑     

Dietary effects of soybean products on gut microbiota and immunity of aquatic animals: A review

Soybean meal (SBM) is one of the most commonly used vegetable ingredient to replace fish meal in fish diets. However, SBM is limiting in some essential amino acids and contains numerous antinutritional factors and antigens that can affect intestinal microbiota and innate immune system in several finfish species and crustaceans and compromise health. The impact of SBM on health and gut microbiota of aquatic animals is not only affected by SBM in general, but also on the degree of treatment of the meal and exposure. Recently, many studies are actively seeking ways to complement or balance those adverse responses induced by high inclusion of SBM in aquaculture diets. These include advanced processing and mixture of feed with other feed components to balance antinutritional factors. The impact of dietary soybean oil on gut microbiota has also been investigated but to a lesser extent than SBM. As the gastrointestinal tract has been suggested as one of the major routes of infection in finfish species and crustaceans, the effect of soybean products on the gut microbiota is important to investigate. Several studies have focus on supplementation of SBM on the adverse responses of the innate immune system as immunological mechanisms are likely involved in the underlying pathology. However, the precise cause of the inflammatory process has not yet been clarified, even though some investigations have suggested that alcohol‐soluble antinutritional factors, especially soy saponins, are potential causative factors. Possible interactions between soybean products and innate immune system in several finfish species and crustaceans are discussed.     

First year growth and survival of common carp in two glacial lakes

Abstract  Cohorts of common carp, Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, were monitored from hatch through the next spring in two South Dakota, USA lakes to identify factors affecting year-class strength. Hatching occurred over 37- and 47-day periods in the two lakes. Common carp that hatched earlier achieved greater total lengths at the end of the first growing season (Brant Lake: r  = −0.84, d.f. = 77, P  <   0.001; Campbell Lake: r  = −0.87, d.f. = 78, P  <   0.001). Mean daily growth rates were approximately 1.0 mm day⁻¹ and similar between lakes. Total length was positively related to daily growth rate in the two lakes, indicating that members of the cohort that grew faster achieved greater total lengths by time of capture. Hatch date was inversely related to daily growth (fish hatched earlier grew faster) in one lake ( r  = −0.44, d.f. = 77, P  < 0.001) but not the other ( r  = −0.04, d.f. = 78, P  = 0.678), suggesting that length at the end of the growing season can be affected by length of growing season and growth rate. Overwinter survival of age-0 fish appeared to be size dependent because age-1 common carp length–frequency distributions from both lakes comprised only of the larger cohort members present the previous autumn.     

低温胁迫对鲤血清生化指标的影响

本研究主要报道了荷包红鲤抗寒品系(Cyprinus．carpio var．wuyuanensis)与大头鲤(Cyprinus．pellegrini pellegrini)杂交F_2在温度骤降过程中,温度对其血清中的总蛋白、白蛋白、总胆红素、胆固醇、尿素氮、血糖和甘油三酯等血清生化指标的影响。骤降试验以2℃为降幅,每次间隔1h,依次将10℃、8℃、6℃和4℃,对应编号为A组、B组、C组和D组。数据经SAS8．0统计软件单因素方差分析。结果发现,除温度对尿素氮有显著性影响外{F0．05(3,28)=3.99,P=0．0175(P＜0．05)},温度与其它指标的变化无显著性关联。再对4组样本血清的各项指标进行Ducan式多重范围比较分析。结果表明,D组(4℃)与B组(8℃)总胆红素存在显著性差异(P＜0．05)；C组(6℃)与A(10℃)、B (8℃)组尿素氮存在显著性差异(P＜0．05)。