基于土地利用/覆盖的甘肃省景观生态风险时空变化特征

甘肃省景观类型丰富多样,在中国西部地区的生态安全中起关键性作用,也为当地发展提供着重要的物质基础和生态服务。由于气候变化和人类不合理活动的影响,甘肃省部分地区生态环境的安全与稳定遭到严峻挑战。本研究基于欧洲航空局全球土地利用/覆盖数据（CCI-LC）,利用动态度、转移矩阵方法分析了2005-2019年甘肃省土地利用/覆盖变化特征;通过构建景观生态风险指数并运用空间自相关分析法分析了景观生态风险的空间分布特征。结果显示：1)2005-2019年间,裸地面积减少最多,变化率1.88%,耕地次之,变化率2.31%;草地面积增加最多,变化率1.83%,建设用地次之,变化率191.08%。2）所有土地利用/覆盖类型中,建设用地的动态度最高且在整个研究时期内变化速率都保持在较高水平,综合动态度最大的时期为2010-2019年。3）土地利用/覆盖转移矩阵主要表现为耕地、林地、草地、裸地之间的转入与转出以及其他土地类型向建设用地的转入。4)2019年整体的生态风险值较2005年明显上升。其中低风险区和较低风险区面积最多,转化最频繁;中等风险区、较高风险区和高风险区面积虽然较少,但都存在不同程度的增长。...     

From Lujiazui in Shanghai to New East Area in Chongqing--An exploration on Urban Land Use Form Oriented by the Public Traffic

To develop the public traffic and setup a city form coordinated with the development of the public traffic has become a common sense in the full achievement of the city sustainable development. Due to the particularity of the exploration procedure and some difficulties in urban development, the policy on developing public traffic has not been realized in our country. Now it is on edge to solve these problems, particularly in the new area of development. In this article, the authors intend to find a practical way of establishing a ciity development mode with adapting the public traffic development by contrasting Lujiazui new area in Shanghai and the new east area in Chongqing.     

Land Storage System: Effect, Problem and Its Legal Regulation

The authors suggest that the land storage system is beneficial not only to strengthen the country's macroscopic regulation of city land market, accelerate healthy development of city economy and increase the financial income, it can also be advantageous to carry out the economic reform and public facilities construction without a hitch. On the basis of this, in this paper, the increment of the land price and house price as well as the high risk of fund due to lack of related laws is analyzed. Corresponding legal regulations, such as polishing the legislation of land right, implementing the land utilization planning, reinforcing the legislation of city development, land requisition and countryside residential land administration are put forward.     

Study on the Land Use Right in Urban Housing Dismantling and Moving

With the strengthening of constitutional protection that legal private property is not to be encroached upon and the land usufructs paid regime are further clear, the regime of urban housing dismantling and moving is facing a vigorous test. This paper analyzes three problems: the justice of the withdrawal of land use right, the legality of the alteration of the land use right and the rationality of the compensation of the land use right during the urban housing dismantling and moving. Finally, this paper tries to find some effective measures to solve the chain problems.     

Exploring Harmonious Protection of Land Resources in City Construction

Urbanization in China is at an essential point in its transformation from the initial stage to accelerating stage. With quick expansion of city scale and large occupation of land for urban construction, the contradiction between land resource shortage and people's living needs becomes more and more prominent. It has great affection on the grand plan of China's sustainable development of economy and society. How to adjust the relations between the development of urban construction and protect the land resource, promote the rational use of urban land, perfect and complete the protection system of land resource for improving the efficiency of urban land use. In order to conserve land resource and find a sustainable way for development of people's living and environment construction, the above mentioned problems are the most important issue for urban construction and important subject of this paper.     

不同农艺措施对旱地谷子水分利用效率的影响

１９８８￣１９９０年在山西省屯留试点进行了不同农艺措施对旱地谷子水分利用效率影响的研究，结果表明，肥料是影响旱地农田水分利用效率的主要因子，其次是品种、密度和播期。     

山区庄园式开发模式研究——以河北省元氏县为例

本文对河北省元氏县山区庄园式开发模式进行了论述,该模式通过山区“四荒”(荒山、荒坡、荒沟、荒滩)地使用权的拍卖调动了群众治理荒山的积极性,将“庄”与“园”相结合,对山区进行综合性、立体化治理,实现了生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的协调发展,是实现山区农民脱贫致富的有效途径。     

人民公社阶段的农地产权制度变迁及其绩效

研究人民公社阶段的农地产权制度变迁与绩效，是为了分析人民公社制度得以长期维持的原因，以期为新时期农村经济体制改革提供启示与借鉴。文章在相关文献资料的基础上，采用实证描述与规范研究分析方法，探讨人民公社阶段的农地产权制度的演进、特征、变迁的原因、内在缺陷以及制度绩效，研究表明，人民公社阶段农地产权严重残缺、缺少激励机制、组织管理费用高昂，这种制度安排实际上一开始就处于非均衡状态，依靠国家主流的意识形态和超经济强制来维持，致使人民公社阶段农地产权制度效率低下。改革开放后，中国社会政治和意识形态方面的约束放松，获取存在于人民公社制度之外的巨大外部利润，推动了农地产权制度创新。