THE EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURE ADVERSITY ON MALE FLOWERS AND POLLEN IN LARIX OLGENSIS

INTRODUCTIONLarlxolgcnsisisoneofthemainlyusedspeciesintl1ecastforestareaofnortheastChina.Itgrowsthstandhashighcomprehen-six'cusedvalue.So,itisdeeplylovedbypeo-ple,tl1cafforestionarcaisenlargedgraduallyyearbyycar.needsofitsseedsbecomegrcaterandgrcater.Forsccd-bearingcyclcanddal11-agcofIatclYostinproducingseedpcriod,tl1coutputisvel3'low,andseedsforaflbrcstingarcoIlcnil1sufficient.So'itisurgenttostlldycffcctoflot"tcmperatureonfemaleandmalel1otversofIarixolgcnsissotl1atmethodsofillcrcasingf…     

2019-2023年度陕西省科企联合体小麦区试品种抗病性鉴定与评价

为掌握陕西省科企联合体小麦区试品种抗病性水平,对2019—2023年度连续5年参加联合体区试的114份品种,采用大田人工接种的方法进行小麦条锈病、白粉病、赤霉病、叶锈病和纹枯病等5种病害的抗性鉴定与评价。结果表明,供试的114份品种对鉴定的5种病害抗性程度差异较大,表现为对条锈病抗性水平较高,对白粉病和赤霉病抗性水平最差。供试品种中,对条锈病表现免疫-中抗的品种61份,占供试品种的53.51%;对白粉病表现免疫-中抗的品种27份,占供试品种的23.68%;对赤霉病表现抗-中抗的品种21份,占供试品种的18.42%;同时鉴定出2份对5种病害均表现抗病的品种,分别为西农968和金麦207。对21份高感条锈病的品种均按陕西省区试品种试验要求终止了试验。     

在人工接种和自然感虫情况下美洲黑杨后代对桑天牛抗性的研究

杨树 (Ｐｏｐｕｌｕｓｓｐｐ .)是我国主要造林和工业用材树种之一 ,据统计我国杨树人工林面积达 666×1 0 4ｈｍ2 (王世绩 ,1 995 )。但杨树天牛危害十分猖獗 ,其中光肩星天牛 (Ａｎｏｐｌｏｐｈｏｒａｇｌａｂｒｉｐｅｎｎｉｓ)和黄斑星天牛 (Ａｎｏｐｌｏｐｈｏｒａｎｏｂｉ     

果树对低温的响应及抗寒评价体系研究进展

低温冷害是果树生产中常见的一种自然灾害,严重影响了果树生产的可持续发展。综述了果树抗寒性的评价、抗寒机制研究和抗寒基因工程研究,提出了该研究领域的前景展望,以期为果树抗寒性研究和抗寒育种提供科学依据。     

不同杨树无性系抗杨锈病能力观察

杨树锈病近年来在江苏一些地区发生严重.为了解不同杨树无性系对锈病的抵抗能力,2008年9～10月对江苏省泗洪县境内部分杨树无性系抗锈病能力进行了观察.观察结果表明,‘L35'杨抗病性较强,‘NL-95'和‘NL-895'抗病性中等,‘NL-80351'、‘中林46'、‘NL-107'等发病严重.提出在没有选育出更抗锈病,更适合在江苏北部地区种植的杨树新无性系以前.种植‘L35'、‘NL-95'和‘NL-895'是解决杨树锈病较好的办法.     

Testing of selected South African <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus</Emphasis> hybrids and families for tolerance to the pitch canker pathogen, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium circinatum</Emphasis>

Plantations of Pinus spp. constitute approximately 50% of the South African forestry industry. The first aim of this study was to develop a reliable inoculation technique to screen Pinus spp., for tolerance to infection by F. circinatum, which threatens pine forestry in South Africa. Inoculation of branches was compared with stem inoculations and we considered the number of branches or trees required to obtain statistically significant results. Furthermore, variation in the susceptibility of some Pinus families, clones and hybrids was considered. Results showed that branch inoculations were closely correlated with those from stem inoculations, and that it is important to consider branch and stem diameters when assessing susceptibility of trees. Subsequent trials using branch inoculations showed significant differences in F. circinatum tolerance amongst a range of pine species and hybrids of potential interest to forestry in South Africa. Significant differences in susceptibility were also found among clones of two P. radiata families. The most tolerant trees were P. elliottii × caribaea and P. patula × oocarpa hybrids, while the most susceptible species were P. patula, P. greggii and hybrids of these two. This is the first trial considering the susceptibility of Pinus hybrids, Pinus clones and some P. patula provenances, and the results indicate excellent potential for breeding for tolerance to pitch canker in South Africa. Application The accurate selection of disease tolerant planting stock for the South African forestry industry is crucially important for the continued sustainability of this important industry. The work described here provides valuable information on an artificial inoculation technique that will assist the industry in screening trees for tolerance to the pitch canker fungus, F. circinatum. It also provides some indication of the relative susceptibility of a number of Pinus spp., hybrids and families currently being evaluated in the country.     

建筑材用防腐剂配方及其化学性能的试验

我国CCA系列配方与英国CCA(Tanalith C,Celcure K33)的对比试验表明:我国CCA_3、CCA_6配方抗流失和对金属腐蚀效果接近英国产品;砷含量范围低于美国CCA—C型;国产原料配制的CCA_(S)抗流失和对金属腐蚀性较好。浸渍处理试验显示,CCA类防腐剂宜采用加压法。PPA油性防腐剂中的五氯酚溶解度、抗“霜”、油漆性能良好;CCB宜于处理门窗及室内木结构。表层化学浸渍处理可使硼在木材中的保留率提高到60—70%。     

花椒抗花椒窄吉丁虫优树的选择

为选择对花椒窄吉丁具有抗性的优良花椒单株,设置优树选择标准,在陕西凤县12个乡镇72个花椒样地进行了调查.结果表明,大红袍花椒品种对花椒窄吉丁的抗性优于小红袍,花椒抗虫性与树龄、坡向、海拔有关,但地形对花椒的抗虫性影响不显著;经过逐步淘汰、评优,初步选出了对花椒窄吉丁具有抗性的优树7株.     

泡沫沥青冷再生技术在道路改建工程中的应用和分析

泡沫沥青冷再生技术是对回收沥青路面材料和水泥稳定基层材料进行再生利用。采用冷再生技术,即对所有旧路面材料和破碎的路基材料进行全部现场利用,减少了废料外运产生的费用,也节约了新材料的用量,提高了经济效益的同时也取得了良好的社会效益。     

Field screening for genetic-based susceptibility to mammalian browsing

Browsing by mammalian herbivores is a major problem in plantation forestry. Seedlings are most vulnerable to browsing during establishment, making protection crucial during this period. Aside from reducing herbivore numbers, browsing can be controlled through the application of tree guards or chemical repellents. These methods are generally short-term options. A promising, potentially longer-term method of reducing browsing damage on plantations is to plant individuals with enhanced natural browse resistance. This requires the development of a rapid, cost-effective means of identifying germplasm with enhanced resistance. Here we present such a screening methodology.We planted Eucalyptus globulus seedlings from 22 different seedlots in randomised blocks along edge rows of six operational plantations. Seedlings were monitored for mammal browsing damage and growth for 2 years. Natural variation between E. globulus seedlots resulted in significant variation in the extent to which they were browsed. Differential browsing was evident just 10 weeks after planting, and caused a significant effect on tree growth after 2 years. Differential browsing was thought to be due to variation in levels of plant secondary metabolites (PSMs). The identification and selective planting of high PSM seedlots in high risk areas could be an effective management tool to reduce browsing in plantation forestry.