基于优化支持向量机的采煤机故障诊断技术

为了对采煤机故障进行准确诊断研究,本文提出了一种基于优化支持向量机的采煤机故障诊断新方法,首先采用主成分分析法(PCA)对采煤机故障特征参数进行特征提取,其次应用特征数据进行基于支持向量机(SVM)的采煤机故障诊断模型训练,再次采用交叉验证方法对SVM模型参数进行优化,建立最优SVM采煤机故障诊断模型,最后通过对比实验,验证了基于优化SVM采煤机故障诊断模型的可行性和优越性。     

亳州市涡北煤矿周边农田土壤重金属污染评价及来源解析

为开展煤矿周边农田土壤重金属污染程度及来源研究,采集了亳州市涡北煤矿周边农田105个表层土壤样品,测定了Ni、As、Cr、Zn、Cu、Cd和Pb 7种重金属的含量.利用污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对重金属污染程度进行评价,采用绝对主成分分数-多元线性回归(APCS-MLR)受体模型初步定量解析重金属的潜在来源.结果 表明,涡北煤矿周边农田土壤重金属含量总体处于较低水平,重金属Cd局部污染较为严重.涡北煤矿周边农田土壤中7种重金属主要受到自然因素与采矿、农业施肥等人为因素的影响.结论 显示,涡北煤矿周边农田土壤存在一定程度的重金属污染,重金属Zn与Cd的富集主要受矿业活动的影响.     

太原市煤粉尘降落量监测及其对土壤肥力的影响

研究结果表明,煤粉尘的降落值在污染源下风向明显高于其他方位,且随平均风速的增加而增加。煤粉尘使得土壤中的pH值降低而EC值增大,在土壤的表层0~10 cm更为明显。土壤表层全氮及碱解氮的含量与降尘量和煤粉尘量呈正相关关系。煤粉尘降落比较多的地方,有机质含量也高,说明煤粉尘在一定程度上增加了土壤有机质的含量;有效硫和CEC也随之增加。煤粉尘的降落在一定程度上增加了土壤肥力。     

Effects of incubation times and moisture regimes on pH values and exchangeable cations in acid sulfate soils as influenced by application rates of basic slag

Severe acidifications in acid sulfate soils (ASSs) have occurred worldwide due to sulfuric acidity, which requires sustainable measures for their reclamation. Accordingly, an incubation study was conducted with the topsoil of two different ASSs (Cheringa and Badarkhali) to evaluate the effects of basic slag (BS; size <1 mm, pH 9.6, Ca 20.8%, Mg 9.8%, etc.), on reduction of acidity and changes in exchangeable cations. It is noted that BS is a byproduct of steel industry in Bangladesh and can be collected almost free of charge. These soils received BS at the rate of 0 (T₀), 11 (T₁), 22 (T₂) and 33 (T₃) t ha⁻¹ under various moisture regimes (saturated condition M₁,_, i.e., 100% moisture content, wetting–drying cycles of 100 and 50% moisture M_2, and moisture at field condition M₃, i.e., 50%). The impacts of these treatments on some selected parameters in these soils were studied within 180 days of incubation. The application of BS was found to increase the pH of soils from 3.6 to 5.1 for Cheringa, 3.9 to 5.2 for Badarkhali soils at the end of incubation. These increments were more striking with the highest doses of BS under saturated moisture conditions in both of the soils. The ECe of the soils was not much influenced by the application of BS regardless of time. The treatments exerted significant (P ≤ 0.05) effects on exchangeable cations in different periods of incubation. The striking changes were recorded for the rate of increments of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, which were about 2–3 times higher for Ca and more than 2 times higher for Mg²⁺ compared with the control after 180 days of incubation. These results suggest that the application of BS not only increased the Ca²⁺ to the higher amount than that of the increment of Mg²⁺ in the soils, but also improved one of the important criteria of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ratio in the soils.     

Study on the Seebeck Effect in Steel-slag Concrete

The Seebeck effect of steel slag reinforced concrete was studied in this paper.The effect of steel slag content and curing period on Seebeck effect were focused on especially.The experimental results show that Seebeck effect of steel slag reinforced concrete was discovered,and a good linear relationship was observed between thermoelectric force(TEP)and temperature differential on the specimen;The linear relationship was from enhancing to weakening with increasing steel slag content;As the curing period extends,the Seebeck effect of steel slag reinforced concrete was better,and TEP became steady.     

使用粉煤灰泡沫隔墙板经济效益浅析

作者依据实例,对使用粉煤灰泡沫隔墙板与普通材料隔墙的经济效益做了综合比较,提出应大力推广使用粉煤灰泡沫墙板这一新型建筑材料。     

新疆北疆寒冷地区非烧土坯墙体材料力学性能的研究

对新疆北疆纯粘土、粘土中掺入一定量水泥、石灰和粉煤灰制成的材料试件进行试验,测试试件在不同配合比下的抗压、抗折强度及导热系数。研究不同含水率,不同掺量石灰、水泥和粉煤灰对混合材料的抗压、抗折强度、导热系数的影响。得到适合于强度高、保温性能好的非烧土坯墙体材料。     

发酵葡萄渣对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响及安全性评价试验

为了评价葡萄渣经发酵处理后,应用于肉仔鸡的有效性和安全性,试验选用AA肉仔鸡40只,分为2组,每组20只,试验组饲喂含10％发酵葡萄渣的肉仔鸡配合饲料,对照组饲喂含5％棉粕和5％菜粕的肉仔鸡配合饲料,试验期为42 d.结果表明：与对照组相比,试验组日增重提高7.43％ （P＜0.05）,料重比降低4.19％（P＜0.05）,死淘率为0;肤色、肌肉pH值、肌肉组织弹性、肌肉气味、器官湿重、清烹肉汤鉴定指标、品尝评价均无异常;试验组血红蛋白显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）,其余血液常规指标均无显著差异（P＞0.05）;试验组总胆红素、γ-谷氨酰氨转肽酶均极显著低于对照组（P＜0.01）,碱性磷酸酶、肌酐、尿酸显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）,其余血液生化指标均无显著差异（P＞0.05）;肌肉安全性方面：各组均未检测出有害微生物和有害寄生虫,所检测出的有害微量元素含量也都在国家标准规定值内,并远低于规定值,且试验组指标低于对照组.试验结果说明发酵葡萄渣应用于肉仔鸡是安全、有效的.     

干渣吸附处理含磷污水的研究

采用批量平衡法,研究了水体磷浓度、干渣粒径和温度对干渣吸附除磷效果的影响,探讨了干渣对水体中磷素的选择性吸附特征及其饱和吸附磷素后的解吸释磷现象。结果表明,溶液浓度越高,干渣吸附除磷速率越慢,效率越低。磷浓度为6和12mg·L^-1时,作用20h后,除磷效率可达90%。干渣粒径越小,除磷速率越快,效果也越好,磷浓度为12mg·L^-1,吸附平衡后,30、60和100目干渣的除磷效率分别为80%、93%和96%。温度对干渣除磷效果的影响较大,磷浓度为12mg·L^-1,25和35℃时,除磷效率可达95%,但在5℃时,除磷效率仅为75%。干渣能够选择性地吸附去除水体中的磷素,适宜作为除磷吸附剂,处理多种含磷污水。     

瓜果类蔬菜木薯渣育苗基质配方筛选研究

以腐熟的木薯渣作为主要原料,与草炭、蛭石和珍珠岩按照不同体积比混配成12个基质配比,以市场上成品蔬菜育苗基质作为对照,研究不同配比基质的理化性质及其对不同种类瓜果蔬菜幼苗生长的影响,筛选出适合黄瓜、番茄、西瓜生长的育苗基质配方。结果表明,木薯渣、草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩体积比为40∶40∶10∶10(T5处理)和20∶40∶20∶20(T6处理)的复配基质各项理化性质均在瓜果类蔬菜幼苗生长要求的适宜范围内,2个基质配方培育的瓜果类蔬菜幼苗出苗率、壮苗指数、叶绿素含量、根系活力、根体积、根尖数等生长和生理指标均表现较好。根据瓜果类蔬菜幼苗的生长状况,并结合环境和经济方面等因素,在生产上推荐使用木薯渣比例更高的T5处理作为黄瓜育苗专用基质配方,T6处理可作为瓜果类蔬菜通用育苗基质配方。