柑橘灰象甲危害园林苗木习性观察及防治试验

对园林苗木生长过程中柑橘灰象甲的生长习性（趋嫩性、选择性、避光性、假死性、交配习性、越冬习性等）进行观察,并从农业防治、人工防治、物理防治、生物防治等进行防治试验,形成初步观察和试验结果,旨在为园林苗木防治提供一定的技术参考。     

洁利康对有机磷农药残留的去除效果

[目的]明确洁利康对有机磷农药残留的去除效果。[方法]以洗涤灵、洁利康和清水为供试清洗剂,采用高效液相色谱法,研究洁利康对大白菜叶片表面的对硫磷、水胺硫磷残留的去除效果。[结果]洁利康对大白菜叶片水胺硫磷残留的去除率为82.3%,而洗涤灵和清水的去除率分别为78.7%和62.2%。洁利康对大白菜叶片对硫磷残留的去除率达90.8%,洗涤灵和清水的去除率分别为81.2%和76.9%。[结论]洁利康能有效去除大白菜叶片表面的有机磷农药残留,是很有发展前途的专用农药残留清洗剂。     

关于宁夏枸杞实行节水灌溉的思考

针对宁夏引黄灌区黄河引水量逐年降低和宁夏枸杞在宁夏经济发展中的重要地位,结合宁夏枸杞抗旱抗盐生理基础和当前先进的作物节水灌溉原理和方法,提出开展控制性交替灌溉节水栽培技术的必要性和可行性,对于改变当前宁夏引黄灌区水资源紧张、农业灌溉水分利用效率低的现状以及加速宁夏枸杞的进一步发展具有重要的现实意义。     

我国核桃嫁接繁殖技术研究进展

为了总结核桃砧木苗应用情况、核桃嫁接方法以及影响嫁接成活率的关键因素等方面的研究进展,为今后更好地开展核桃砧木应用和嫁接育苗工作奠定基础,本文在阐述了7种不同核桃砧木苗、4种核桃嫁接方法的基础上,进一步分析了伤流、温度、嫁接时期和砧穗亲和力等因素对核桃嫁接成活率的影响,总结了我国核桃苗木繁育方面的研究与应用概况。最后,针对核桃产业健康发展,提出了以下对策建议：(1)依据良种核桃对土地条件的要求,坚持适地适树和因地制宜原则;(2)加快新技术和新产品研发,提升核桃产业链条科技含量;(3)加强合作组织建设,建立多元化的经济合作组织。     

Automatic detection of skin defects in citrus fruits using a multivariate image analysis approach

One of the main problems in the post-harvest processing of citrus is the detection of visual defects in order to classify the fruit depending on their appearance. Species and cultivars of citrus present a high rate of unpredictability in texture and colour that makes it difficult to develop a general, unsupervised method able of perform this task. In this paper we study the use of a general approach that was originally developed for the detection of defects in random colour textures. It is based on a Multivariate Image Analysis strategy and uses Principal Component Analysis to extract a reference eigenspace from a matrix built by unfolding colour and spatial data from samples of defect-free peel. Test images are also unfolded and projected onto the reference eigenspace and the result is a score matrix which is used to compute defective maps based on the T² statistic. In addition, a multiresolution scheme is introduced in the original method to speed up the process. Unlike the techniques commonly used for the detection of defects in fruits, this is an unsupervised method that only needs a few samples to be trained. It is also a simple approach that is suitable for real-time compliance. Experimental work was performed on 120 samples of oranges and mandarins from four different cultivars: Clemenules, Marisol, Fortune, and Valencia. The success ratio for the detection of individual defects was 91.5%, while the classification ratio of damaged/sound samples was 94.2%. These results show that the studied method can be suitable for the task of citrus inspection.     

药用植物昆虫学课程教学方法改革的几点思考

针对药用植物昆虫学课程的教学方法改革进行了研究和实践,在实践中总结了一系列的教学体会,对提高本课程的教学效果,提高学生的主动思考能力、创造能力和实践能力的培养提供了有效参考,为培养出满足社会需要的本科人才提供有效保障。     

Sampling for ants in different-aged spruce forests: A comparison of methods

It is necessary to use special sampling method for studying of each animal group. However each method has its specificity and describes the studied community a bit differently. Three common methods for sampling of ants were compared: soil excavation, pitfall traps and baits. Ants were sampled in 25 patches in a large spruce forest in the Czech Republic during 2005 and 2006. Each patch represented one of five age classes (0–2, 3–5, 8–12, 26–41 and 85–105 years old), and the patches were located in five sites such that the five patches in each site formed a chronosequence. The percentage of variability in ants as explained by other sampling techniques was as follows: 60.0% of the variability in bait data was explained by pitfall trap data, while only 19.7% of the variability in pitfall trap data was explained by excavation data. Species and numbers of ants on baits were strongly affected by bait type: Myrmica species preferred honey whereas Formicinae preferred tuna bait. Assembly composition in pitfall traps varied significantly between study sites. The position of sampling site in landscape (location in the forest regardless of the immediate habitat type where the trap was located) hence strongly affected ants. Proportions of ants in particular methods were equal in the majority of cases. For excavation samples, ant numbers and species were more influenced by the immediate habitat than the wider habitat, but the opposite was true for samples from pitfall traps.     

沧州品牌蔬菜发展战略分析

阐述了品牌蔬菜在沧州发展的必要性及现存的主要问题,提出了沧州蔬菜生产品牌战略发展的建议。     

洁净燃烧热风炉结构与设计

设计了基于型煤洁净燃烧技术及高强化传热技术的新型热风炉,可用于粮食及农副产品的干燥。编制了热风炉优化设计程序,阐述了热风炉结构特点及设计要点。试验表明,洁净燃烧热风炉的排放烟尘质量浓度只有常规热风炉的5％,其热效率比国家标准提高了3个百分点,具有低污染、高效率、长寿命等优点。     

农艺与种业领域研究生课程教学改革探索与实践-现代植物生产理论与技术课程为例

现代植物生产理论与技术是农艺与种业专业型硕士研究生的一门学位课,在研究生培养环节中有重要作用。目前在传统的教学模式下,存在教学内容创新性不足和教学方法单一等问题,导致学生学习兴趣不够,科学问题敏感性不强、创新性缺乏,综合能力没有得到较好提升。针对以上问题,结合本校农艺与种业硕士研究生学生特点,教学团队积极思考,大胆改革尝试,从更新教学内容、多样化教学模式、多维教学评价等方面对本课程进行教学改革并实践。以期为提升农艺与种业硕士研究生实践能力和应用型人才培养提供保障,也为其他课程教学改革方向思路提供参考。