Emerging viral zoonoses: frameworks for spatial and spatiotemporal risk assessment and resource planning

Spatial epidemiological tools are increasingly being applied to emerging viral zoonoses (EVZ), partly because of improving analytical methods and technologies for data capture and management, and partly because the demand is growing for more objective ways of allocating limited resources in the face of the emerging threat posed by these diseases. This review documents applications of geographical information systems (GIS), remote sensing (RS) and spatially-explicit statistical and mathematical models to epidemiological studies of EVZ.Landscape epidemiology uses statistical associations between environmental variables and diseases to study and predict their spatial distributions. Phylogeography augments epidemiological knowledge by studying the evolution of viral genetics through space and time. Cluster detection and early warning systems assist surveillance and can permit timely interventions. Advanced statistical models can accommodate spatial dependence present in epidemiological datasets and can permit assessment of uncertainties in disease data and predictions. Mathematical models are particularly useful for testing and comparing alternative control strategies, whereas spatial decision-support systems integrate a variety of spatial epidemiological tools to facilitate widespread dissemination and interpretation of disease data. Improved spatial data collection systems and greater practical application of spatial epidemiological tools should be applied in real-world scenarios.     

关于饱和D—最优设计的再商榷

以试验误差理论为基础,通过误差类型和自由度的划分,论证回归设计的实质是通过增大信息矩阵A的行列式来减少模型误差,提高回归方程的拟合性,而与试验随机误差无关; 至于能否对回归方程进行拟合性检验,则取决于是否有剩余自由度。饱和D—最优设计A的行列式最大,在给定回归模式和设置重复的条件下所需的试验处理数也最少,因而是最优设计。本文还结合肥料田间试验特点,对现代回归设计的农业应用进行了讨论。     

Data Access Technique and Implementation in ITS Virtual Common Information Platform

The framework of "ITS Virtual Common Information Platform"is introduced,which integrates and shares of data between ITS subsystems by integrating distributed storage and centralized control of data.The distributed data(access) engine of the platform is designed and implemented.Based on the distributed data access engine,the flow of data providing and accessing is addressed in detail.In the end a typical application of the distributed data access engine is presented.     

广西农业信息化现状与发展策略

农业信息化是农业现代化的重要标志和关键,对农业产业发展意义重大。本文探讨了农业信息化的内涵、作用及其发展趋势,分析了广西农业信息化现状,提出了进一步发展的若干策略。     

市、县、乡、村四级网络联动探索农村信息服务模式

本文对我国推进农村信息化的意义和当前发展现状进行了阐述,指出日前我国农村信息服务体系建设中存在的问题,作者以济南市在实施农村信息化工程中的对策和效果为研究对象,全面阐述和分析了“市、县、乡、村”四级网络联动的农村信息服务模式,同时用实例说明了全面推进农村信息化对缩小城乡之间的“数字鸿沟”和拉近城乡之间“知识文明”距离的作用。     

农业院校电气信息类创新人才培养模式探索

本文以中国农业大学电气信息类人才培养为例,通过分析农业院校行业应用优势以及工科类学科特色,提出了基于“三大创新平台,三段式培养,两头打通”的人才培养方案,建立了科技竞赛、科研训练以及专业认证等多种形式的人才培养环节,探索了农业院电气信息类创新型人才培养模式。     

农业土地资源信息管理平台的建设

随着数字农业的发展,为了实时、有效地利用农业土地资源信息,以沈阳市东陵区为例,采用B/S结构,在 .NET开发平台和MapXtreme2004集成开发环境下,融入WebGIS思想、OA技术和推荐施肥技术,建立集基础数据管理、统计查询、专题图制作、辅助决策、网上办公于一体的数字化的农业土地资源信息管理平台, 为农业生产者和决策者提供实时的技术支持和辅助决策。     

Comparison of field sampling methods for assessing coarse woody debris and use of airborne laser scanning as auxiliary information

Coarse woody debris (CWD) has been recognized as one of the strongest indicators of forest biodiversity and its assessment has been emphasized in the development of new inventory methods. In this study, the most commonly referenced probability sampling methods were tested in a field area of 305.8 ha to gain comparative information on their performance and efficiency. Simple random sampling (SRS), systematic sampling and cluster sampling with fixed sized circular sample plots were tested, as well as strip sampling, transect relascope sampling and adaptive cluster sampling (ACS). Point relascope sampling and line intersect sampling were also tested for inventories of downed dead wood volumes. In addition, the amount of standing dead wood was assessed by means of traditional small angle relascope sampling. In general, the use of additional information in the inventory process has shown promising results. A new method for using data derived from airborne laser scanning (ALS) as a source of auxiliary information in the assessment of CWD volumes is presented, using probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling for the selection of the first-stage sample units in ACS (ACS_PPS) and for the placement of fixed sized plots (PLOT_PPS). The sampling methods were compared in terms of the cost-effectiveness. Point relascope sampling proved the most efficient sampling method for inventorying CWD volumes. PLOT_PPS and ACS_PPS were more efficient than the inventory of fixed sized plots (PLOT_SRS) and ACS (ACS_SRS) where sample units were selected with SRS. However, these methods could not achieve the same efficiency as relascope samplings. Nevertheless, the use of probability layers derived from ALS data gave promising results and offers new possibilities for inventorying CWD volumes more efficiently.     

对森林公安情报信息技术远程培训教育的探讨

情报信息处理能力越来越成为森林公安干警必须掌握的警务技能,对森林公安进行情报信息技术培训是提高森林公安队伍情报信息能力的重要途径。远程教育具有节省资金,影响日常工作低,便于迅速开展进修及培训的优势,这对提高森林公安队伍情报素质,加强公安队伍战斗力具有重要意义。该文通过调查研究,探索了森林公安情报开展远程教育的必要性、可行性及实施森林公安情报远程教育的措施,为更好地提升森林公安情报信息能力提出参考性的建议。     

基于Oracle流的森林资源信息集成探讨

Oracle流具有同步的数据更新、精细的信息筛选、灵活的加工转换以及统一的解决方案等优点。本文针对当前森林资源管理信息系统建设面临的问题,提出了一套基于Oracle流的森林资源信息集成解决方案,为从技术上解决这些问题提供了新的思路和方法。