中草药复方制剂对猪口蹄疫免疫过程中NK细胞的影响

将70头30日龄仔猪随机分成7组,每组10头,在口蹄疫免疫过程中按1%添加剂量使用中草药复方制剂,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在免疫前5天、3天、当天开始连续饲喂3天,Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组分别在免疫前5天、3天、当天饲喂1天。对照组（Ⅶ组）不喂药。分别于免疫前一天和免疫后14d、21d、28d和二免后28d,采血检测NK细胞数量。结果表明：投药组NK细胞数量均高于对照组,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组NK细胞数量高于Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组,Ⅱ组NK细胞数量最高,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组与对照组差异显著（P<0.05）,Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组与对照组差异不显著（P>0.05）。     

正交法优选中药复方“加味白头翁散”

为了筛选中药复方“加味白头翁散”有效部位的最佳提取工艺,以提取物有效部位的浸膏得率与对大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度（minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（minimum bactericidal concentration ,MBC）为综合考察指标,采用单因素试验,初选出适宜的溶媒浓度;采用正交试验对提取工艺中的料液比（A）、提取次数（B）、提取时间/次（C）、乙醇浓度（D）四个因素进行优选研究。中药复方“加味白头翁散”有效部位的最佳提取方法为回流提取,最优组合为：A3B3C1D2,即料液比为1:10,提取次数为3次,0.5 h/次,60%乙醇浓度。在该工艺条件下进行提取,中药复方有效部位的浸膏得率在24%左右,对临床分离致病大肠杆菌MIC和MBC值均为15.625 mg生药/mL。     

中国沙棘和俄罗斯沙棘在不同土壤水分条件下保护酶系统和丙二醛的变化

在野外不同生境和田间不同干旱条件下对中国沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides sinensis)和俄罗斯沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)的SOD,CAT和MDA进行研究后发现,野外沟底土壤水分含量显著高于坡上土壤水分含量,因此,沟底中国沙棘叶片的SOD,CAT活性高于坡上,MDA含量则为坡上植株高于沟底植株。田间不同干旱胁迫条件下,随着土壤含水量的降低,沙棘叶片中的SOD活性在胁迫初期显著降低,随着干旱胁迫时间的延长持续降低,沙棘叶片SOD活性表现为中国沙棘雄株>俄罗斯沙棘雌株>俄罗斯沙棘雄株>中国沙棘雌株;CAT活性在胁迫初期有所升高,之后开始逐渐下降,种间的差异为中国沙棘高于俄罗斯沙棘,雌、雄株的差异为雌株高于雄株;膜脂过氧化物质MDA的含量随着干旱胁迫程度的增加和胁迫时间的延长持续增加,雌株叶片内MDA含量高于雄株,中国沙棘的MDA含量高于俄罗斯沙棘。     

膏状叶面肥及液体钙对大白菜产量和品质的影响

研究了北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所研制的三种膏状叶面肥和液体钙肥在大白菜上的产量效应和品质效应。结果表明,喷施大量元素类、腐殖酸类、氨基酸类膏状叶面肥和均比只喷清水的处理增产,增幅在4.3%~6.2%;喷施以硝酸钙为主成份的液体钙肥能够使大白菜增产10.5%。同时,喷施试验用叶面肥能够降低大白菜体内硝酸盐含量,喷施大量元素类膏状叶面肥和腐殖酸类膏状叶面肥两个处理较对照降低20%左右;腐殖酸类膏状叶面肥处理显著增加了大白菜Vc含量,增幅达25.2%;喷施液体钙肥降低硝酸盐含量15.1%、增加Vc含量23.8%。     

中药细胞级粉碎及其发展趋势

细胞级粉碎是一项新兴的物料加工技术。介绍了中药细胞级粉碎的概念、原理、特点、设备及其发展趋势。     

抗病优质大白菜“秋白70”的选育

优质、抗病的大白菜新品种——秋白70是利用天津青麻叶为母体，进行游离小孢子培养，并结合人工接种鉴定技术于2002年育成功。该品种长势旺，成熟期70d，株型较直立，株高48cm，开展度51cm，外叶8片，叶形长倒卵形，叶色深绿，叶面多皱，绿帮；叶球长筒形，颜色绿，叶球内叶颜色浅黄，心叶拧抱，舒心；叶球高44cm，直径14cm，单球重2.2kg左右，净菜率82.3%。品质优良，口味佳。较抗霜霉病和病毒病。平均产量10.8kg/m2。     

Lighting Design of Chinese Traditional Buildings and Application of New Type of Little Power LED

This paper is a part of the research on the lighting techniques of the traditional Chinese buildings in Summer Palace,Beijing,which is a sub-project of the Municipal Research Project on the Correlative Techniques for Beijing's Sustainable Development(Y0604017040391).The work,which the authors took part in,on the most representative Chinese traditional buildings in Summer Palace,is taken as a case study on lighting design and lab simulated experiments and checked by practical result,illustrating a working frame for other similar lighting design works.     

Incidence and molecular markers of 2n pollen in Populus tomentosa Carr.

Microscopic examination, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and SCAR (sequence-characterized amplified region) molecular markers were employed to determine the incidence of 2n pollen (unreduced pollen) in Chinese white poplar (Populus tomentosa Carr.) and to identify related molecular markers. The presence of a parallel and tripolar spindle at metaphase II and the absence of cytokinesis at telophase II were found to be determining factors in 2n pollen formation. A group of 298 clones that originated from their indigenous areas were investigated for the production of 2n pollen based on pollen size differences, both within a clone and between n and 2n pollen. Pollen grains were collected from 224 of the clones, six of which were subsequently determined to produce only normal pollen; the remainder produced 2n pollen at different frequencies (0.6–21.9%). The frequency at which 2n pollen was produced was significantly and highly significantly different among and within indigenous populations, respectively. Clones produced by the six normal and twenty-two 2n pollen clones were selected for AFLP analysis. Following an initial screening with 55 primer combinations, the E50-M38 (CAT/ACT) primer was identified: it generated a PCR fragment (246 bp) from the normal clones, but not from the 2n pollen producers. In addition, the E31-M50 (AAA/CAT)-amplified DNA fragment (204 bp) was present in 2n pollen producers, and absent in normal clones. These two discriminating AFLP markers were developed into easily detectable SCAR (sequence characterized amplified region) markers which can be used in combination with previously developed AFLP markers to distinguish between normal and 2n pollen clones.     

不结球白菜游离小孢子培养成胚影响因素的研究

以17个不同基因型的不结球白菜为供试材料,对影响小孢子胚胎发生频率的若干因素进行了研究。结果表明:在秋冬季日光温室内,供试植株主花序第一朵花开后第7~14天取样,即初花期是最佳取样时期;不同基因型间小孢子胚胎发生能力差异很大,在接种的17个基因型中,有12个诱导出胚,诱导成功率71%;其中102号产胚量最高,达到32.78个/蕾;在已产胚材料中,产胚量最高的基因型是产胚量最低的基因型的546倍;较易抽薹型材料的产胚能力大于易抽薹型和不易抽薹型。以B5有机成分代替NLN有机成分,能够提高产胚量,尤其是对难成胚基因型的小孢子胚胎发生有较好的促进作用,甘露醇对小孢子分裂无促进作用。