Mechanism of High Photosynthetic Capacity in BC2F4 LinesDerived from a Cross between Oryza sativa and Wild Relatives O. rufipogon

Abstract

We found that several BC₂F₄ lines had high leaf photosynthetic rates under light-saturated and ambient CO₂ conditions. These lines are progenies of BC₂F₁ plants with high photosynthetic capacities which were generated by backcrossing between Oryza rufipogon (W630) and O. sativa cv. Nipponbare, as a recurrent parent. Some photosynthetic characteristics of the BC₂F₄ lines were investigated to identify the factors increasing photosynthetic rates. Photosynthetic rates of these lines under light-saturated conditions at 50 to 700 ppm CO₂ concentrations were higher than those in Nipponbare. The estimated-maximum photosynthetic rates under light-saturated and CO₂-saturated conditions in BC₂F₄ lines were also higher than that in Nipponbare. The photosynthetic rate under light-saturated and ambient CO₂ conditions was positively correlated with the carboxylation efficiency as an indicator of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activity in vivo rather than stomatal conductance. Initial and total Rubisco activities in vitro tended to be higher in the BC₂F₄ lines than in Nipponbare. The content of active Rubisco calculated from the activation state of Rubisco was also higher in the BC₂F₄ lines than in Nipponbare. These results suggest that high photosynthetic capacities of BC₂F₁ plants can be maintained high in their progenies and high photosynthetic rates under light-saturated and ambient CO₂ conditions in the BC₂F₄ lines are achieved mainly by the high activity of Rubisco due to the high active Rubisco content.     

三相旋风分离器流场分布研究

采用激光多普勒测速仪(LDV)对三相旋风分离器内气体流场的速度分布进行了测量。结果表明,旋风分离器内气流切向速度、轴向速度和径向速度沿轴向、径向和周向均遵循一定规律变化,合理选择旋风分离器结构参数可有效提高分离效率。     

烟草中高级烷醇·植物甾醇和茄尼醇含量及形态分布研究

采用气相色谱法,同时分析测定了不同类型、不同品种、不同产地及不同部位的烟草样品中高级烷醇、植物甾醇及茄尼醇的含量,得出：不同类型烟草样品中的高级烷醇、植物甾醇及茄尼醇均主要以酯结合态的形式存在,植物甾醇和茄尼醇的含量呈现出了特定的规律,即白肋烟及烤烟中植物甾醇和茄尼醇含量较高,香料烟其次,而雪茄烟含量最低.不同品种烟叶中3类组分均以K326及红大的含量较高,云87、NC82及云85中含量较低.不同产地烟叶中高级烷醇、植物甾醇及茄尼醇含量分布均呈现出明显的地域性差异.不同部位烟叶叶片,植物甾醇以及茄尼醇的含量变化规律为：中部叶＞上部叶＞下部叶.     

耕地集约利用的空间特征及影响因素研究——以甘肃省东部四市为例

为了准确把握耕地集约利用水平和空间差异特征以及不同区域间的影响因素,本文采用多因素综合评价、K-mean聚类法和空间计量模型对甘肃省东部四市的耕地集约利用度的变化情况及空间水平分布规律进行了研究,并对影响耕地集约利用水平的内部因素进行探索。结果表明:1)2016年研究区耕地集约利用度整体处于较粗放利用水平(均值0.377 2),区域差异比较明显,其中Ⅲ、Ⅳ级位于研究区东北部和西南部,Ⅰ、Ⅱ级位于研究区中部,整体呈"哑铃"状结构;2)全局莫兰指数为0.142 2,表明研究区各县(区)耕地集约利用度存在显著为正的全局自相关,呈现空间集聚特征,LISA聚集图空间特征与集约度等级图基本吻合;3)劳动力指数、地均机械总动力和部分区域农业科技发展率、有效灌溉率与耕地利用集约度成正相关关系,由于空间的辐射性和依赖性,各回归系数值分布具有明显的"片"或"带"状区域特征。     

普光气田高含硫腐蚀缺陷输气管道安全评价

普光气田是中国特大型高含硫酸性气田,随着气田不断开采,集输工艺管道腐蚀问题日益突出。对普光气田高含硫输气管道所用L360管线钢开展应力-应变参数测试试验,采用Solid186单元对含缺陷腐蚀管道进行建模,基于非线性有限元隐式积分算法与塑性失效准则,分析了腐蚀缺陷参数对高含硫输气管道极限承载能力的影响规律,并通过静水压爆破试验,验证了模型的准确性。结果表明:腐蚀缺陷对高含硫输气管道强度的影响主要表现为局部应力集中;缺陷深度系数对高含硫输气管道极限承载能力影响最大,缺陷长度系数影响次之,缺陷宽度系数影响最小。研究成果为普光气田高含硫输气管道剩余强度评价提供了理论依据。     

低温环境机械防腐补口装备构成与施工工艺

针对中俄东线天然气管道工程北段的冬季防腐补口施工要求,通过材料低温力学性能分析、结构优化设计、低温试验、低温电子元器件优选、机械式温控、加热元件高低温交变及国内外低温补口材料对比分析等综合研究,研制了适用于-40℃低温环境的机械化防腐补口装备,制定了配套的机械化防腐补口工艺和施工方案。工程应用表明:低温机械化防腐补口装备与工艺有效保证了中俄东线试验段及北段管道工程的防腐补口质量和施工效率,日平均补口30道,一次合格率100%。积累了大口径管道低温环境下的防腐补口施工经验,可为中俄东线天然气管道工程中段及同类管道工程的防腐补口施工提供技术支撑。     

黑木相思17号无性系在桂东地区早期生长表现

为丰富桂东地区速生树种多样性以及为生态敏感地区桉树改造提供新的树种,2017年5月在桂东地区试种黑木相思17号无性系20hm^2,分别在造林后第8个月和14个月调查试验林不同海拔、坡向、坡位的林分生长情况,试验结果表明:黑木相思17号无性系在桂东地区造林成活率85%以上,造林后第8个月成活率、地径和树高分别为92%,3.1cm和2.3m,造林第14个月地径、胸径和树高分别为7.4cm,5.8cm和5.0m;黑木相思造林后8-14个月,上坡生长表现优于下坡,海拔200m生长表现优于海拔320m。说明黑木相思17号无性系适合在桂东地区生长,避开谷底和山脚等光照不足地块、及时抚育是黑木相思在桂东地区造林成功的关键。     

糖腈乙酰酯衍生气相色谱法测定土壤水解性单糖

通过对糖腈乙酰酯衍生条件的优化,建立了一种测定土壤水解性单糖的糖腈乙酰酯衍生气相色谱分析方法。8种单糖线性范围为10～640!g,检出限(3S/N)在1.4～4.2ng之间,样品加标平均回收率为100.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.5～6.3%。试验结果表明该方法操作简便快速、灵敏度高,可准确可靠地应用于土壤单糖含量的测定。     

东祁连山不同高寒草地类型土壤表层碳、氮、磷密度特征

在青藏高原东祁连山以杜鹃灌丛、高山柳灌丛、金露梅灌丛、珠芽蓼草甸、禾草草地、沼泽草地和嵩草草地为研究对象,对土壤理化性质和土壤碳、氮、磷密度进行了研究.结果表明:2005年土壤表层碳、氮、磷密度分别介于4.66kg/m2～6.63 kg/m2、 0.31kg/m2～0.59 kg/m2和0.07kg/m2～0.16kg/m2,2006年分别介于5.27kg/m2～6.84kg/m2、0.40kg/m2～0.51 kg/m2和0.10kg/m2～0.20kg/m2;土壤碳、氮和磷密度受植物群落和根系分布特征影响,样地间及土层间差异明显.     

Metastatic Osteolytic Angioleiomyosarcoma Induced by a Foreign Body in a Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus)

An adult female Eastern Grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) was examined for lameness due to a mass located at the right tibiotarsal joint. Radiographs revealed a metal arrowhead‐shaped foreign body within the mass alongside a pathologic fracture. Grossly, at necropsy, there was a multilobulated and haemorrhagic mass with intralesional metal fragments, associated osteolysis of the tibiotarsus and pulmonary metastatic nodules. Histologically the neoplasm was composed of plump elongated and fusiform cells that often formed concentrically around small vessels. The pulmonary nodules were composed of similar neoplastic cells, necrosis and haemorrhage. Neoplastic cells were positive immunohistochemically for vimentin and smooth muscle actin. The histological features, immunohistochemical profiles and behaviour of this tumour support a diagnosis of a primary angioleiomyosarcoma with lung metastasis associated with a metal foreign body.