木霉拮抗黄瓜枯萎病菌菌株的筛选

通过对峙培养、拮抗作用、耐性的测定,筛选出对黄瓜枯萎菌(Fusarium oxysporumf. sp. cucum erinum)拮抗作用强的木霉菌株(Trichoderma spp.)有13株,其中T55的拮抗作用最强。该菌株对峙培养对黄瓜枯萎菌抑菌率为80.16%,拮抗作用测定其圆盘滤膜法抑菌率大于50%,其它方法的抑菌率低于30%。该菌在5、10、35℃,pH4、9、10的条件下生长良好。     

细胞骨架解聚药物对小麦与叶锈菌互作诱发的细胞过敏性反应的影响

 小麦(Triticum aestivum)品种洛夫林10和叶锈菌小种366组成不亲和组合,小麦叶片发生过敏性坏死反应(HR)是小麦抵抗叶锈菌侵染的重要因素。在接种前给小麦叶片分别预注射微管解聚药物磺草硝(oryzalin)和微丝解聚药物细胞松弛素D (cytochalasin D,CD),结果表明2种药物注射使得寄主因叶锈菌侵染诱导的细胞过敏性坏死数目明显减少,并且注射药物的浓度越大,寄主细胞发生HR的数量越少。说明肌动蛋白和微管蛋白的聚合状态是诱发小麦叶片发生HR防卫反应所必需的,细胞骨架在小麦抵抗叶锈菌侵染过程中可能起着重要作用。     

细果角茴香中总黄酮的提取及含量测定

利用热回流法和超声波法提取细果角茴香中的总黄酮,结合NaNO2-Al（NO3）3-NaOH体系分光光度法测定细果角茴香中的总黄酮含量,并对细果角茴香中总黄酮的提取方法进行优化。结果表明：利用超声波法提取细果角茴香中的总黄酮效果较好;且在甲醇浓度为70％、料液比为1：20、超声波提取2次、提取时间分别为2．0h和1．5h的条件下提取效果最好,测得总黄酮的含量为15．44mg／g。NaNO2-Al（NO3）3-NaOH体系分光光度法操作简捷,测定结果准确可靠。     

青稞慢消化淀粉酶法制备技术研究

为了探索酶解处理对青稞慢消化淀粉含量的影响,以青稞淀粉为原料,分别以α-淀粉酶法,β-淀粉酶法,转葡糖苷酶协同α-淀粉酶处理法,转葡糖苷酶协同β-淀粉酶处理法等4种方法制备慢消化淀粉(SDS),通过单因素试验和正交试验确定最佳制备方案。结果表明,制备SDS的最佳方法为转葡糖苷酶协同β-淀粉酶处理法,具体处理条件为:β-淀粉酶的添加量0.032%,转葡糖苷酶的添加量0.192%,酶解时间8h,冷藏回生时间5d,淀粉乳浓度15%。此条件下制备的SDS含量为32.53%。本研究结果为青稞慢性消化淀粉产品的开发利用提供了科学依据和技术参考。     

腾冲红花油茶籽油主要理化成分分析

对云南9个代表性种群的腾冲红花油茶籽油的主要理化成分进行分析。结果表明：比重、折光指数、酸值和过氧化值的变化幅度依次为0.903 2～0.915 9 d40/40、1.470 0～1.473 6 n40、0.345 0～0.750 5 mg/g、11.905 1～33.629 9 meq/kg;通过气相色谱法分析,腾冲红花油茶籽油富含不饱和脂肪酸,含量为82.11%～84.04%;并且富含钙、磷、钾等矿质元素。     

Chinese urban migrants' sense of place: Emotional attachment,identity formation,and place dependence in the city and community of Guangzhou

In this paper, we study urban migrants' sense of place in Guangzhou, China, focusing on the structural relations between place attachment, identification and dependence as the three key place dimensions. Through both quantitative structural equation modelling and qualitative analysis of in‐depth interviews data, our research suggests that migrants' sense of place demonstrates complex relationships between the three registers of emotional attachment, identity formation and functional dependence. The construction of sense of place is also related to the personal experiences of living as urban ‘outsiders’. Our research also reveals a striking difference between the city and community levels in terms of the ways in which migrants' sense of place is constructed. Urban migrants tend to exploit the functional utilities of microscopic urban spaces to meet their demands for recreation, education and socialisation. On the other hand, their sense of place to the city is largely compromised by their attachment to the hometown and conditioned by their personal identification to the city.     

氟乐灵处理后棉苗对枯萎病菌的抗侵入及抗扩展特性

 以1μg/g土的氟乐灵播前土壤处理,棉花出苗后移栽到无氟乐灵的土壤中并接种棉花枯萎病菌(Fusarium axysporum f.sp.vasinfectum)。结果表明氟乐灵处理明显降低了棉苗枯萎病的株发病率和病情指数,提高了棉苗对枯萎病的抗病性。氟乐灵处理组棉苗根部和茎部枯萎病菌侵染率均低于对照组,特别是上部茎片段中处理组侵染率降低更为明显。氟乐灵处理组棉苗根部和茎部的菌量明显降低,而且处理组茎部菌量的增长明显滞后于对照。以上结果表明,病菌对氟乐灵处理棉苗根部的侵入和病菌在棉苗体内的纵向扩展及增殖受到了阻抑,因而氟乐灵处理后棉苗对枯萎病菌的抗性表现了抗侵入和抗扩展的特性。试验还证明,氟乐灵处理并接种病菌的棉苗茎部组织中类萜烯醛的含量明显提高;并产生一种能抑制病菌大型分生孢子萌发的真菌毒性物质。这些抑菌物质的产生和积累可能与抗扩展特性有关。     

天津西青区王稳庄蓖麻产业化项目财务实证分析

以王稳庄蓖麻产业化项目为实证，采用文字和表格相结合方式，较全面系统地对王稳庄蓖麻产业化项目进行了财务实证分析。     

Induced resistance in cotton seedlings against fusarium wilt by dried biomass of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Penicillium chrysogenum</Emphasis> and its water extract

Dry mycelium (DM) of killedPenicillium chrysogenum and its water extract (DME) were used to induce resistance in cotton plants againstFusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum (Fov). Results showed that the efficacy of either DM or DME in controlling the disease depends on both the concentration and the mode of application. DM amended to the soil at 0.25–2% (w/w) provided 32–75% protection againstFov. Soil drench with 2–5% DME (w/v) and pre-sowing seed soakage with 5–10% DME provided 51–77% and 28–35% protection against the wilt disease, respectively, whereas no protection was obtained with foliar sprays of 1–10% DME. DM and its water extract had no direct antifungal activity on growth ofFov in vitro, suggesting that disease control with DM or DME resulted from the induction of natural defense mechanisms in the cotton plants. Soil drench with 5% DME was as effective as 2% DM powder in inducing resistance againstFov, implying that the resistance-inducing substances were mostly water-soluble. Four cotton cultivars with various genetic resistance levels againstFov were tested at the seedling stage: two resistant ‘Pima’ cultivars and two susceptible ‘Acala’ cultivars. The level of protection achieved in the two susceptible cultivars with DME was equal to, or higher than, that of the two resistant cultivars treated with water. Innate and induced peroxidase activity in cotyledons or hypocotyls and roots coincided with the level of genetic resistance and DME-induced resistance, respectively. Based on our results, an integrated control strategy ofFov with both genetic resistance and induced resistance is suggested.     

2007年我国部分麦区小麦白粉菌对三唑酮的抗药性监测

采用拌种离体叶段法测定了我国9个省（市）的112个小麦白粉菌株对三唑酮的抗性。结果表明,供试菌株的平均EC50为57.25mg/L,平均抗性水平为27.39倍,其中86.61%供试菌株已经产生抗性,抗药性比敏感菌株高出10~40倍的菌株占47.32%,四川、山东、甘肃和贵州等地菌株的抗性高于其他地区。此结果可为三唑类杀菌剂在我国的推广应用和制定合理的抗药性治理措施提供依据。