Poor regulatory capacity limits the ability of science to influence the management of mahogany

Decades of research have had virtually no impact on harvesting rates or harvesting practices for mahogany (Swietenia spp.), among the most valuable timber species of Latin America. Despite the existence of science-based regulations, mahogany is rapidly and often illegally harvested to the point where its density is so depleted that logging is no longer commercially viable. The lack of influence of science on forest management is not a result of scientific deficiency; rather, it is a political and economic failure to implement existing forest management policies. Until political will and regulatory capacity for enforcement exist or until buyers insist on meaningful verification that shipments were legally obtained, there is little incentive for reform and policies regulating the use of mahogany will not be implemented. Thus, under present conditions, there is little opportunity for science to influence the fate of mahogany. The case study of mahogany provides an excellent example not only of the difficulty for research to inform forest management, but also of demonstrating the key elements necessary for effective implementation of any forest policy.     

林业碳汇核证减排量所有权归属的实践样态与应然思路

林业碳汇核证减排量是应对气候变化领域的新生事物,其所有权归属是确保林业碳汇交易稳定的首要问题,但我国《民法典》物权编、自然资源法和碳排交易规范中均无明确规定,个别部门规章对其收益分配的规定有违上位法.实践中各类林业碳汇项目核证减排量所有权归属情形不尽一致的原因是多方面的:林业碳汇权利与采矿权、渔业权产生机理一致,依据土...     

主要森林认证体系标准制定程序比较研究

针对主要森林认证体系标准制定程序进行比较研究,为制定符合我国国情和林情的森林认证标准提供借鉴。本文选择了森林管理委员会体系、森林认证认可计划体系、加拿大标准化协会体系和美国可持续林业倡议体系作为研究对象。研究结果表明,森林管理委员会体系标准制定程序的利益方参与性和透明度都较高,其他3个体系标准制定程序的利益方参与性不足,透明度较差。     

中国有机农业发展现状与有机产品认证

综述了世界有机农业的发展起源及中国有机农业的现状,就中国有机农业发展的瓶颈问题进行了探讨,明确有机农业应该与有机认证分别对待,有机农业关注的是农业和生态,有机认证关注的落脚点是产品,对中国有机产品认证进行了简单描述,并就人们所关注的有机产品的安全营养做了进一步论述。     

2017年北京市蔬菜无公害基地情况调研

无公害农产品认证是北京市农产品质量安全工作的重要内容。从基地的认证管理情况、销售渠道、无公害认证对销售的影响及存在的问题和基地的需求等方面入手,通过问卷和访谈的形式开展调研,探讨和分析了提高认证主体生产管理水平和效益的方法,并为促进北京市无公害农产品认证工作提出了诸如加强政府引导、加大市场监管、开拓营销渠道等方面的建议。     

森林认证对林产品贸易的影响

森林认证在森林经营政策方面扮演了一个重要的补充角色并对林产品贸易起到了极其重要的影响。在短短的10余年间,森林认证已得到许多国家政府和林业部门的关注和认可。森林认证工作在中国刚刚起步,我们应该让更多的人了解森林认证并推动该项工作的发展。本文分析了森林认证对世界林产品贸易的影响,包括认证进出口国的利益、贸易流向、企业竞争、以及人们对认证林产品的需求,论述了森林认证对中国林产品贸易的影响,提出了森林认证对中国森林经营和林产品贸易的影响是机遇与挑战并存。参8。     

试析CALIS西文三级编目员资格认证联机网考

通过对编目员资格认证考试流程、AB卷题型的特点和考试经验等方面的介绍,为了此类考试提供一定参考。     

迎春林业局非木质林产品经营认证审核与实践

黑龙江省迎春林业局非木质林产品资源丰富,是我国首批非木质林产品经营认证试点单位。依据GB／T 18951－2012《中国森林认证生产经营》与《中国森林认证非木质林产品生产经营》（征求意见稿）,对其开展非木质林产品经营认证审核。一年来,迎春林业局在社会、经济、环境方面都取得了较好成效。本文总结在了迎春林业局开展非木质林产品经营认证试点中取得的经验,提出需采取的措施。     

Impact of assessor on tree risk assessment ratings and prescribed mitigation measures

Tree risk assessment is an inherently human endeavor that can be influenced by risk perception, risk acceptance, and professional bias. Tree risk assessments from 296 arborists were evaluated to assess tree- and assessor-based factors that influenced ratings. Additionally, we investigated sources of variability associated with the main inputs of risk assessment – likelihood of impact ratings, likelihood of failure ratings, and consequences of failure ratings. Finally, we assessed the factors that influenced prescribed mitigation measures. Results indicate that professionals with training and industry credentials had lower risk ratings and were less likely to prescribe more active mitigation measures like tree removal. More notably, there was significant variability among raters, with the likelihood of impact and consequence of failure serving as the most variable factors in tree risk assessment.     

Compatibility of timber and non-timber forest product management in natural tropical forests: Perspectives,challenges, and opportunities

Tropical forests could satisfy multiple demands for goods and services both for present and future generations. Yet integrated approaches to natural forest management remain elusive across the tropics. In this paper we examine one combination of uses: selective harvesting of timber and non-timber forest product (NTFP) extraction. We analyze the current status of this combination and speculate on prospects and challenges regarding: (i) resource inventory, (ii) ecology and silviculture, (iii) conflict in the use of multipurpose tree species, (iv) wildlife conservation and use, (v) tenure, and (vi) product certification. Our conclusions remain preliminary due to the relative paucity of published studies and lessons learned on what has worked and what has not in the context of integrated management for timber and NTFPs. We propose at least three ways where further research is merited. One, in improving ‘opportunistic’ situations driven by selective timber harvesting that also enhance NTFP values. Two, to explicitly enhance both timber and NTFP values through targeted management interventions. Three, to explicitly assess biophysical, social, regulatory and institutional aspects so that combined benefits are maximized. Interventions for enhancing the compatibility of timber and NTFP extraction must be scaled in relation to the size of the area being managed, applied timber harvesting intensities, and the dynamics of multi-actor, forest partnerships (e.g., between the private sector and local communities). In addition, training and education issues may have to be re-crafted with multiple-use management approaches inserted into tropical forestry curricula.