锰尾渣改良对4种植物吸收锰的影响

采用盆栽法研究锰尾渣改良对商陆（Phytolacca acinosa）、美洲商陆（Phytolacca americana）、繁穗苋（Amaranthus paniculatus）和酸模叶蓼（Polygonum lapathif olium）4种植物吸收锰的影响。将锰尾渣与土壤混合进行基质改良,有利于植物生长。基质含80%锰尾渣时,商陆、美洲商陆和繁穗苋3种植物生长正常,吸收锰多。商陆和美洲商陆2种植物对锰尾渣耐受性强,生物量大,植物提取锰多;繁穗苋对锰尾渣耐受性较强。在锰尾渣污染区进行植物修复时,商陆和美洲商陆可作为首选植物,繁穗苋可作为辅助共生植物,采用锰尾渣含量为80%的基质改良方式最佳。     

Observations on Manganese Deficiency and Toxicity in Some Australian Native Plants

Analysis and research on the nutrition of some Australian native plants as well as diagnostic analysis of failed native plant gardens reinforces the view that manganese (Mn) availability is a major factor in the edaphology and cultivation of Australian native species. Yellow Kandosol soils on sandstone show a unique endemic floral assemblage. These soils show low total soil Mn levels of only 20–30 mg/kg. Despite this, endemic species such as Eucalyptus haemastoma and Acacia suaveolens show greater foliar Mn levels (around 291 and 389 mg/kg, respectively) than iron (Fe) levels, with Fe/Mn ratios as low as 0.14 and 0.27. During pot trial work on artificial soils created from crushed sandstone and green waste compost that were designed to research phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) nutrition, some interesting data on Mn uptake were collected. Levels of foliar Mn as high as 1250 and 389 mg/kg, respectively, accumulated in E. haemastoma and A. suaveolens when soils were artificially acidified to pH 4.7 (CaCl₂) using ferrous sulfate. These Mn levels were associated with visible toxicity symptoms in foliage of E. haemastoma but not in A. suaveolens. Foliar Mn in both species showed a strong inverse correlation (R² > 0.93) with soil pH. Previous research has shown that eucalypts from this floral assemblage are prone to Mn toxicity when grown in conditions of high soil Mn availability. Diagnostic analysis of soils and foliage for a client with horticultural problems in a native plant landscape showed severe chlorosis in a wide range of native species due to Mn deficiency induced by neutral soil pH (around 7.0 in CaCl₂). Such soil pHs are considerably greater than those of the plant’s natural distribution. Despite apparently elevated soil P and the appearance of what looked like P toxicity, foliar P levels were not sufficiently elevated to conclude acute P toxicity but rather simple and severe Mn deficiency. The work suggests that induced Mn deficiency and toxicity may be underdiagnosed problems in the cultivation of many Australian native plants.     

选矿药剂对矿区水体COD的影响研究

矿山选矿药荆的使用已经引起了严重的水体和环境污染。采取有效的技术手段实现矿山水质净化和回用,是高效利用水资源,实现矿区的可持续发展的必由之路。丈中对矿山浮选药剂的水体污染作用进行了阐述,并对各种浮选药荆对水体化学需氧量（COD）的贡献进行了试验研究,为矿区水资源保护和可持续发展提出了途径和方法。     

Manganese dynamics in a mangrove mud flat tidal creek in SE Brazil

This study investigated the behavior of soluble and particulate manganese, during tidal cycles in a mangrove tidal creek and adjacent mud flats in SE Brazil. We identify the major processes affecting manganese transport to mangroves. The results showed that manganese variability occurs both seasonally, and over the tidal cycle, in response to changing redox potentials. Tidal water flooding mud flats are enriched in manganese, originating from upward migration of reduced species and further adsorption onto suspended particles under oxic conditions. During the tidal cycle, particulate manganese concentrations are higher during flood periods, whilst dissolved concentrations are higher during ebb periods. Although quantitatively different, this pattern occurs both in winter and summer. The dynamics of manganese characterized in this study suggest that this metal may play a significant role as a conveyor of trace metals to mangrove ecosystems, as suggested by earlier studies.     

Interactive effects of P-Cu fertilizers on growth and mineral nutrition of maritime pine

The interaction between copper and phosphorus was studied in a pot experiment involving a factorial combination of three levels of copper and three levels of phosphorus applied to maritime pine seedlings growing in podzolic sand.Biomass measurement showed that a single copper fertilization could be toxic to the plant and that better growth was obtained with a combination of both phosphorus and copper fertilization. Copper toxicity was shown to be dependent on phosphorus levels in the plant, and better growth was obtained with an appropriate balance between phosphorus and copper concentrations. A reciprocal inhibition between phosphorus and copper uptake was assumed to explain this pattern.     

工业废水处理方法的选择

论述了工业废水处理的几种选择方法及确定选择废水处理方法的基本原则     

钾锌锰配合施用对马铃薯产量和品质的影响

采用三因素二次回归通用旋转组合设计方法，研究了山西石灰性褐土上施用氯化钾、硫酸锌、硫酸锰对马铃薯产量和品质的影响。研究结果表明：钾、锌、锰肥的合理配合施用能使马铃薯产量明显提高，品质得到显著改善。在本试验条件下，马铃薯高产、优质高效的配方施肥方案是：氯化钾297．9～396．0kg／hm^2，硫酸锌69．70～109．1kg／hm^2，硫酸锰92．54～126．27kg／hm^2。钾、锌、锰肥配施可显著增加块茎中的淀粉、粗蛋白含量，降低NO3-N含量。     

基于双层数据分解混合模型预测鄱阳湖COD

化学需氧量（Chemical Oxygen Demand, COD）是衡量水质状况的最重要参数之一,反映水体受还原性物质污染的程度。该研究采用改进的完全集合经验模式分解（Improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition With Adaptive Noise, ICEEMDAN）、变分模式分解（Variational Mode Decomposition, VMD）相结合的双层数据分解算法,并利用双向长短期记忆（Bidirectional Long Short-term Memory, BLSTM）神经网络,提出了一种混合模型IVB（Improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition With Adaptive Noise-Variational Mode Decomposition - Bidirectional Long Short-term Memory）,并以鄱阳湖高锰酸盐指数（Permanganate index, CODMn）监测数据为研究对象,进行案例研究。结果表明,IVB模型具有良好的预测性能：1 d以后的CODMn预测中,IVB模型的平均绝对百分比误差为2.21%,与单一BLSTM神经网络模型相比降低了10.57个百分点,而与IB (Improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition With Adaptive Noise - Bidirectional Long Short-term Memory)模型相比降低了4.62个百分点;7 d以后的CODMn预测中,IVB模型的平均绝对百分比误差为8.18%,与单一BLSTM神经网络模型相比降低了16.34个百分点,而与IB模型相比降低了4.68个百分点。这项研究表明,所开发的IVB模型可以用作水资源管理的有效分析与决策工具。     

大薸对奶牛场废水中耐药基因的去除效果和驱动因子分析

为探究大薸对奶牛场废水的净化效果,该研究选用温室模拟培养结合高通量测序方法,研究大薸对奶牛场废水中耐药基因（Antibiotic Resistance Genes,ARGs）的去除效果及驱动因子。结果显示：对于奶牛场3种实际废水（原水、厌氧池和氧化塘废水）,大薸整体呈现良好的净化效果,废水中大部分ARGs的绝对丰度呈现正去除效果,在原水、氧化塘废水和低浓度厌氧池废水中,大薸处理后ARGs绝对丰度（lg值）分别下降0.25（ermA 和fexA）～3.66（blaOXA-1）、0.08（blaTEM-1）～3.51（strB）和0.09（fexA）～4.07（strB）,而对高浓度厌氧池废水,则仅有9/16的ARGs呈现正去除。经过大薸处理后,不同废水中的微生物多样性和丰度均升高,废水中优势菌种Proteobacteria和Firmicutes相对丰度下降,而Bacteroidetes 和Actinobacteriota相对丰度上升,相较于无植物处理组中微生物群落差异较大。冗余分析（Redundancy Analysis,RDA）结果表明,优势菌属（Hydrogenophaga、Flavobacterium、Bacillus和Gemmobacter）结合环境因子对ARGs变化的解释率分别为9.6%、6.0%、7.0%和5.1%,网络分析结果亦表明,ARGs变化与微生物和环境因子密切相关。因此,大薸对ARGs的去除是通过微生物变化和环境因子改变等多种作用共同驱动的。研究结果可为畜禽污水中ARGs污染防控提供理论依据,有助于推动植物生态处理技术的绿色可持续发展。