人参皂苷Rg3(R),Rg3(S),Rg5/Rk1对乙醇致小鼠记忆阻碍改善作用的影响

采用被动回避穿越法研究了人参皂苷Rg3(R),Rg3(S)和Rg5/Rk1(1∶1)对乙醇致小鼠记忆阻碍改善作用的影响。结果表明:灌服人参皂苷Rg3(R),Rg3(S)和Rg5/Rk110 mg/kg后,显著延长了小鼠避暗的潜伏期,尤其以人参皂苷Rg5/Rk1作用最为显著,Rg5/Rk1处理组的潜伏期是对照组的2.97倍,Rg3(R),Rg3(S)分别为对照组的2.35和2.53倍,差异极显著(P<0.01)。说明这些化合物具有改善乙醇致小鼠的记忆障碍的能力。     

鹅细小病毒四平分离株VP3基因的克隆与序列分析

根据已发表的鹅细小病毒(GPV)核苷酸序列,设计并合成了1对引物,对吉林农业大学预防兽医学研究室分离鉴定的GPV四平株(SP)主要保护性抗原蛋白VP3基因进行扩增。所得到的PCR产物片段大小约1.6 kb,与预期片段大小相符。将该片段纯化后与T载体连接,转化到感受态大肠杆菌JM-109中进行克隆。对所提质粒进行快速鉴定、PCR鉴定以及限制性内切酶NheⅠ和BamHⅠ双酶切鉴定,筛选阳性重组质粒,对重组质粒测序并进行核苷酸序列分析。结果表明:GPV四平株VP3基因长1 605 nt,包含了完整编码GPV VP3蛋白阅读框,且与国内GPV分离株B,GD,HG5/82相应核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列的同源性较高,分别为96.2%,96.3%,96.4%和97.4%,98.7%,98.9%。据此认为,GPV四平株VP3基因可以作为构建具有普遍应用价值的基因工程疫苗的候选基因。     

低温等离子体耦合Fe2O3催化剂去除粮食仓储环境中磷化氢

为了探究低温等离子体（Non-Thermal Plasma,NTP）耦合催化剂对粮仓中磷化氢（PH3）的去除效果,该文采用介质阻挡放电低温等离子体与催化剂耦合的反应装置,研究了NTP与Fe2O3催化剂耦合对PH3去除率的影响,并对耦合反应后的催化剂进行表征,分析产物及反应机理。结果表明,载体和催化剂与NTP耦合改变了NTP的放电状态,提高了PH3去除率;不同载体负载Fe2O3后,在输入功率超过53 W时,NTP与Fe2O3催化剂耦合对PH3去除率均高于无填充,Fe2O3/Al2O3与NTP耦合效果最好,去除效率达到了100%。耦合前后催化剂的表征结果表明,耦合反应之后,Fe2O3/Al2O3催化剂的比表面积降低了11.23%,Fe3+/(Fe2++Fe3+)含量提高了21.06%,Osur/(Olatt+Osur+Oads)含量减少了2.24%,Fe含量降低了4.69%,P含量增加了4.34倍。产物分析表明耦合后生成的主要产物为磷酸。研究结果表明NTP耦合Fe2O3/Al2O3催化剂具有很好的PH3去除效果,为粮食仓储行业去除磷化氢提供理论依据。     

All-around 3D plant modeling system using multiple images and its composition

In this study, we developed an all-around 3D plant modeling system that operates using images and is capable of measuring plants non-destructively without any contact. During the fabrication of this device, we selected a method capable of performing 3D model reconstruction from multiple images. We then developed an improved SfM-MVS (Structure from Motion / Multi-View-Stereo) method that enables 3D reconstruction by simply capturing images with a camera. The resulting image-based method offers a high degree of freedom because the hardware and software can comprise commercially available products, and it permits the use of one or more cameras according to the shape and size of the plant. The advantages of the image-based method are that 3D reconstruction can be conducted at any time as long as the images are already taken, and that the desired locations can be observed, measured, and analyzed from 2D images and a 3D point cloud. The device we developed is capable of 3D measurements and modeling of plants from a few millimeters to 2.4 m of height using this method. This article explains this device, the principles of its composition, and the accuracy of the models obtained from it.     

3D modeling and reconstruction of plants and trees: A cross-cutting review across computer graphics,vision, and plant phenotyping

This paper reviews the past and current trends of three-dimensional (3D) modeling and reconstruction of plants and trees. These topics have been studied in multiple research fields, including computer vision, graphics, plant phenotyping, and forestry. This paper, therefore, provides a cross-cutting review. Representations of plant shape and structure are first summarized, where every method for plant modeling and reconstruction is based on a shape/structure representation. The methods were then categorized into 1) creating non-existent plants (modeling) and 2) creating models from real-world plants (reconstruction). This paper also discusses the limitations of current methods and possible future directions.     

花生新品种邢花3号的选育

以冀油4号为母本、7915为父本通过有性杂交选育而成的花生新品种邢花3号,具有优质、高产、中熟、抗逆性强和适应性广等特点.邢花3号适宜在北方花生产区春播或麦垄套种栽培.     

不同性别黄瓜中的EIN3序列分析

以WI1983G(全雌,G)和WI1983H(两性,H)近等基因系为材料,对EIN3序列进行分析,发现它们分别在153 bp和501 bp处出现两个单核苷酸多态性(SNPs).根据两个SNPs获得了1个可在黄瓜雌性植株上特异扩增的标记.初步推测,EIN3因为两个SNPs导致基因表达发生变化,使植株表现出对乙烯不同的敏感性,可能是最终不同性别表达方式的主要原因之一.     

Lipid characterization of both wild and cultured eggs of cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis L.) throughout the embryonic development

The present work reports a characterization of mean wet weight and moisture, the lipid class and fatty acid (FA) composition from the total lipids (TL), of both culture and wild eggs of the cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis , throughout the embryonic development. Additionally, reproductive data, such as the number of spawnings, number and mean weight of eggs and duration of spawning period of cultured cuttlefish is provided. Both types of eggs were similar in mean wet weight, moisture content, TL content and lipid composition throughout embryonic development. Females from the cultured group spawned 13 times and laid 8654 eggs in 64 days, with a mean weight of 0.607 ± 0.179 g. A sex ratio of 1.57 (11♀ for 7♂) promoted an individual fecundity of 787 eggs/♀ (the biggest until now on our culture facilities), which might be related to increased bottom areas. The TL increased with day/stage of embryonic development ( P  < 0.05) only in the cultured egg group. However, no differences were found on TL between culture and wild eggs at the same day/stage ( P  > 0.05). Eggs displayed predominant levels of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), cholesterol and triacylglycerol at the end of embryonic development. Polar and neutral lipids of both eggs groups remained consistently proportional (∼50% for each lipid fraction) and a significant increase ( P  < 0.05) was observed in phosphatidylserine, PE and free FA throughout the embryonic development. In either egg type and day, 16:0, 18:0, 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 accounted for approximately 70 g Kg⁻¹ of all FA and saturated and n-3 totals seemed to have the same proportion in the cuttlefish eggs. The present results suggest that lipids are not used as energetic substrate but as structural components in cuttlefish egg.     

绿狐尾藻对不同铵硝配比的生理响应

为了探究高氨养殖废水中一定比例的硝态氮对绿狐尾藻(Myriophyllum aquaticum)生长及生理特征的影响,采用营养液培养,在总氮浓度为15 mmol/L的条件下,以纯铵处理为对照(CK),设置NH+4∶NO-3=3∶1(以N3∶1表示)和NH+4∶NO-3=1∶1(以N1∶1表示)两个处理,研究绿狐尾藻对不同铵硝配比的生理响应。结果显示,培养至第21天,N1∶1处理的相对生物量和相对茎高分别为13.17 g和35.31 cm,显著低于N3∶1(19.59 g,41.78 cm)和CK组(17.82 g, 38.82 cm)(P<0.05)。不同处理下叶片中的氮含量为50.38~58.82 mg/g,显著高于茎中氮含量26.96~35.42 mg/g;但叶片中磷含量5.17~7.38 mg/g显著低于茎中的磷含量8.44~9.88 mg/g(P<0.05)。培养至第21天时,CK、N3∶1、N1∶1处理之间的叶片磷含量(6.76、7.06、7.38 mg/g)差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05),表现为N1∶1> N3∶1>CK。N1∶1和N3∶1处理叶片(7.03、6.75 mg/g)和茎中(6.43、5.04 mg/g)的可溶性糖含量均显著高于CK(3.58、3.27 mg/g)(P<0.05)。N1∶1处理叶片和茎中的叶绿素含量均显著高于CK和N3∶1处理(P<0.05)。研究表明,当处理中添加少量或不添加硝态氮时,有利于绿狐尾藻生长和生物量增加;当处理中硝态氮含量相对较高时,植株叶绿素和可溶性糖含量增加,同时吸收磷的能力增强。绿狐尾藻在不同铵硝配比的水体中均能保持良好的生长状态和较强的氮磷吸收能力,该结果为绿狐尾藻高效净化不同来源的养殖废水提供了理论依据。     

盐酸小檗碱对草鱼补体系统及补体c3作用的研究

为了探究盐酸小檗碱(berberine hydrochloride)对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)补体c3的作用机理,用含0、0.06%、0.12%、0.24%盐酸小檗碱饲料投喂草鱼,在第7 d、14 d检测血清中补体c3含量,在第14 d检测肝脏中补体c3 mRNA表达量及急性感染嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)后存活情况。并进一步对盐酸小檗碱体内药代动力学和补体消耗试验进行了研究。结果显示;摄食盐酸小檗碱的草鱼血清中补体c3含量和肝脏补体c3 mRNA表达量均显著性增加(P0.05/P0.05),草鱼的存活率与对照组相比也有显著性提高(P0.01)。补体消耗试验结果显示,当盐酸小檗碱在血清中浓度小于5 mg/L时与对照组相比补体消耗不显著,当盐酸小檗碱浓度大于5 mg/L时,补体消耗达到显著性差异(P0.05),表明此时盐酸小檗碱与补体c3直接结合,激活补体。药代动力学实验发现,灌服盐酸小檗碱后,出现双峰现象,两峰值分别是0.243 mg/L和0.117 mg/L,此浓度远远低于与补体c3直接结合量最低量(5 mg/L)。结果表明,盐酸小檗碱对草鱼补体c3的作用机理可能是通过上调补体c3mRNA的表达增加补体c3数量,而非通过直接结合补体c3来改变其活性。