Avian CD154 enhances humoral and cellular immune responses induced by an adenovirus vector-based vaccine in chickens

Recombinant adenoviral vectors have emerged as an attractive system for veterinary vaccines development. However, for poultry vaccination a very important criterion for an ideal vaccine is its low cost. The objective of this study was to test the ability of chicken CD154 to enhance the immunogenicity of an adenoviral vector-based vaccine against avian influenza virus in order to reduce the amount of antigen required to induce an effective immune response in avian. Chickens were vaccinated with three different doses of adenoviral vectors encoding either HA (AdHA), or HA fused to extracellular domain chicken's CD154 (AdHACD). Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and relative quantification of IFN-γ showed that the adenoviral vector encoding for the chimeric antigen is able to elicit an improved humoral and cellular immune response, which demonstrated that CD154 can be used as a molecular adjuvant allowing to reduce in about 50-fold the amount of adenoviral vector vaccine required to induce an effective immune response.     

Increased expression of CD40 ligand by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

AIM:To investigate expression and function of CD40 ligand by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).METHODS:Expression of CD40 ligand by PBMCs in patients with SLE and control were examined by flow cytometric analysis before and after stimulated by phytohemagglutinin(PHA)and depressed by Dexamethasone(Dex). The correlation between expression of CD40 ligand and SLE activity index(SLEDAI) was analysed in patients with SLE.RESULTS:The expression of CD40 ligand by PBMCs in patients with active SLE was higher than that in patients with inactive SLE and control. Though the expression of CD40 ligang by PBMCs could be stimulated by PHA in three groups, it was the highest in patients with active SLE. Dex depressed the expression of CD40 ligand by PBMCs significantly in patients with SLE, but not in control. There was high positive correlation between expression of CD40 ligand and SLEDAI in patients with active and inactive SLE.CONCLUSION:Increased expression of CD40L by PBMCs in patients with SLE may play an important role in pathogenesis of SLE.     

杨树皮类脂对感染鸡传染性贫血病毒鸡外周血T细胞亚群含量的影响

[目的]从细胞免疫学角度探讨杨树皮类脂(PBL)对改善感染鸡传染性贫血病毒(CIAV)鸡的免疫器官的细胞免疫水平的影响。[方法]以人工感染与未感染CIAV的1日龄SPF鸡作为试验模型,分别连续饲喂PBL 7 d,在第7、27、47天采用流式细胞术检测外周血中CD4+和CD8+的含量,并计算CD4+/CD8+。[结果]PBL能够增加健康SPF雏鸡外周血的CD4+T淋巴细胞的数量,提高非特异性细胞免疫功能和体液免疫功能。[结论]杨树皮类脂对CIAV诱导的免疫抑制雏鸡外周血的CD4+和CD8+T细胞水平的降低具有一定抑制作用。     

The molecular mechanism of inhibition of murine Lewis lung carcinoma metastasis by weimaining in vivo

AIM: To investigate the anti-metastasis effect of weimaining, extracted from fragopyrum cymosum meissn, a Chinese medicine, on murine Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL). METHODS: The anti-metastasis effect of weimaining in vivo was detected in the grafting lung metastasis model of murine Lewis lung carcinoma. The effects of the drug on the expression of CD34 and E-cadherin were investigated by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR. RESULTS: Weimaining effectively inhibited the lung metastasis of 3LL at a concentration of 250 mg·kg^-1·d^-1, significantly suppressed the expression of CD34 and increased the expression levels of E-cadherin protein and mRNA in 3LL cells. CONCLUSIONS: Weimaining inhibits the metastasis of murine Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) in vivo via increasing the expression of E-cadherin and decreasing microvessel density of tumor tissue.     

Expression of CD44s in lung cancer and its significance

AIM: To investigate expression of CD44s in lung cancer and it's clinical significance. METHODS: A total of 117 primary lung cancer from patients were examined for CD44s expression by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: CD44s mostly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but not in small ecll lung cancer (SCLC), and squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) showed much stronger expression of CD44s than adenocarcinoma(ADC)(P＜0.05). In comparison of the lung cancer with/ without lymph node metastasis, the latter showed stronger expression of CD44s(P＜0.01). According to TNM, there was a distinct statistic difference between early stage and advanced stage(P＜0.05). CONCLUSION: CD44s might be a better indicant in histological classification of lung cancer, lymph node metastasis, clinical stage and prognosis.     

The influence of diel period on fish assemblage in the unstructured littoral of reservoirs

Abstract Diel changes in littoral fish assemblage were studied in four reservoirs in the Czech Republic (Central Europe). The sampling was performed by beach seining in an unstructured littoral zone. Perch, Perca fluviatilis L., roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.), bream, Abramis brama (L.), carp, Cyprinus carpio L., ruffe, Gymnocephalus cernua (L.), pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (L.), eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.) and A. brama × R. rutilus hybrids exhibited higher densities at night. Only bleak, Alburnus alburnus (L.) exhibited higher densities during the day. The number of species was higher in night hauls, and mean body size of roach and bleak was also higher at night. Diel changes in fish densities resulted in the change in species composition between day and night. The study has implication for the sampling design to assess littoral fish assemblages using beach seine netting and recommends night sampling for a representative assessment or sampling during both diel periods for a robust assessment.     

CD14沉默的猪小肠上皮细胞系的建立及其对大肠杆菌黏附能力的变化分析

白细胞分化抗原14(cluster of differentiation antigen 14,CD14)在先天性免疫和适应性免疫反应中都发挥重要调控作用,本研究旨在构建猪(Sus scrofa)CD14基因的短发夹RNA (short hairpin RNA,shRNA)干扰载体,包装成慢病毒,转染猪小肠上皮细胞,在细胞水平上进行相关功能探讨.本研究参照CD14基因(GenBank登录号:EF626695.1)全长编码区序列,设计4个靶向猪CD14基因的shRNA干扰序列,将其克隆至慢病毒表达载体质粒中,分别命名为pGLV3-CD14-1、pGLV3-CD14-2、pGLV3-CD14-3和pGLV3-CD14-4,以及阴性对照pGLV3-CD14-NC.包装成功后转染猪小肠上皮细胞系IPEC-J2,利用qRT-PCR检测其干扰效率.选择干扰效率最高的慢病毒进行药筛,获得CD14基因稳定沉默的猪小肠上皮细胞系.大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)黏附实验检测大肠杆菌F18ab和F18ac对CD14基因沉默小肠上皮细胞黏附能力的变化.结果表明,本研究成功构建4个shRNA表达载体,包装成的慢病毒均能降低猪CD14mRNA表达水平,其中pGLV3-CD14-3慢病毒的干扰效果最好,其干扰效率达到94.6％;CD14基因沉默后F18ab对小肠上皮细胞的黏附能力显著增强,而F18ac虽然也有上调,但并未产生显著性差异.研究结果表明,CD14基因沉默后的小肠上皮细胞对大肠杆菌F18ab的黏附能力显著增强,CD14基因可能在小肠上皮细胞抵御大肠杆菌F18ab感染过程中发挥了重要的调控作用.慢病毒介导的CD14沉默的猪小肠上皮细胞系的建立,不仅为在细胞水平研究CD14基因功能提供了有效模型,也为进一步探究其所在的Toll样受体/白介素-1受体(toll-like receptors/interleukin-1 receptor,TLRs/IL-1 R)信号通路在猪肠道病原微生物引起的免疫反应和抵御病原入侵的调控机制奠定了基础.     

黄芩及其成分对RU486诱导小鼠流产的保胎作用及脾脏CD80+、CD86+细胞数量的影响

为了研究共刺激分子CD80(B7-1)、CD86(B7-2)在流产发生机制中的意义,探讨中药黄芩及其成分的安胎作用及机理,本试验用米非司酮(RU486)皮下注射(每鼠90μg)诱导BALB/c小鼠流产,流式细胞仪测定脾脏中CD80 、CD86 细胞的数量。发现RU486诱导流产的小鼠脾脏中CD80 细胞显著升高,CD86 细胞显著减少。预先经口给予保胎中药黄芩及其单体成分黄芩苷和黄芩素,则能显著抑制RU486的流产作用,使母鼠胚胎吸收率降低,脾脏中CD80 细胞数量显著降低,CD86 细胞数量显著升高。这些结果表明,RU486诱导流产与机体共刺激分子CD80 、CD86 有关。保胎中药黄芩及单体成分有调节共刺激分子CD80 、CD86 细胞数量的作用。     

猪CD80 mRNA定量检测方法的建立

用RT-PCR技术从猪肺泡巨噬细胞中扩增和克隆了猪CD80基因部分片段,经测序鉴定后,用反向PCR技术构建了CD80的缺失竞争cDNA分子。通过竞争PCR方法,建立了CD80标准竞争曲线,并得到其直线回归方程。本方法操作简单,特异性和敏感性高,可用于猪CD80 mRNA水平的定量检测,从而为分析猪的免疫状态提供了一种重要技术手段。     

Predicting clinical outcome in feline oral squamous cell carcinoma: tumour initiating cells,telomeres and telomerase

Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has very poor prognosis. Here, a retrospective pilot study was conducted on 20 feline oral SCC patients who underwent stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT), to evaluate: (1) the value of putative tumour initiating cell (TIC) markers of human head and neck SCC (CD44, Bmi‐1); (2) telomere length (TL) specifically in putative TICs; and (3) tumour relative telomerase activity (TA). Significant inverse correlations were found between treatment outcomes and Bmi‐1 expression, supporting the predictive value of Bmi‐1 as a negative prognostic indicator. While TL exhibited a wide range of variability, particularly in very short fractions, many tumours possessed high levels of TA, which correlated with high levels of Bmi‐1, Ki67 and EGFR. Taken together, our results imply that Bmi‐1 and telomerase may represent novel therapeutic targets in feline oral SCC, as their inhibition – in combination with SRT – would be expected to have beneficial treatment outcome.