Antioxidant Efficacy of a Spirulina Liquid Extract on Oxidative Stress Status and Metabolic Disturbances in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome

Lipid peroxidation is associated with the development of some pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases. Reduction in oxidative stress by antioxidants, such as Arthrospira (formely Spirulina), helps improving this redox imbalance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the Arthrospira liquid extract “Spirulysat^®” on oxidative markers—in particular, oxidized LDL (oxLDL)/total LDL cholesterol—and isoprostanes and to investigate its impact on lipid and glucose metabolism in the metabolic syndrome subject. A controlled, randomised, double-blind design was conducted in 40 subjects aged 18 to 65 years with metabolic syndrome after a daily intake of Spirulysat^® or placebo for twelve weeks. Blood and urinary samples were collected at three visits (V1, V2, V3) in the two groups for parameters determination. Although the Spirulysat^® group showed a decrease at all visits of the oxLDL/total cholesterol ratio, there was no significant difference compared to the placebo (p = 0.36). The urinary isoprostanes concentration in the Spirulysat^® group was reduced (p = 0.014) at V3. Plasma triglycerides decreased at V3 (p = 0.003) and HDL-cholesterol increased (p = 0.031) at all visits with Spirulysat^®. In conclusion, Spirulysat^® did not change the oxidized LDL (oxLDL)/LDL ratio but decreased the urinary isoprostanes, plasma triglycerides and increased HDL cholesterol, suggesting a beneficial effect on metabolic syndrome.     

1-O-Alkylglycerol Ethers from the Marine Sponge Guitarra abbotti and Their Cytotoxic Activity

The cytotoxicity-bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract from the marine sponge Guitarra abbotti, whose 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycerol ethers (AGEs) have not been investigated so far, led to the isolation of a complex lipid fraction containing, along with previously known compounds, six new lipids of the AGE type. The composition of the AGE fraction as well as the structures of 6 new and 22 previously known compounds were established using ¹H and ¹³C NMR, GC/MS, and chemical conversion methods. The new AGEs were identified as: 1-O-(Z-docos-15-enyl)-sn-glycerol (1), 1-O-(Z-docos-17-enyl)-sn-glycerol (2), 1-O-(Z-tricos-15-enyl)-sn-glycerol (3), 1-O-(Z-tricos-16-enyl)-sn-glycerol (4), 1-O-(Z-tricos-17-enyl)-sn-glycerol (5), and 1-O-(Z-tetracos-15-enyl)-sn-glycerol (6). The isolated AGEs show weak cytotoxic activity in THP-1, HL-60, HeLa, DLD-1, SNU C4, SK-MEL-28, and MDA-MB-231 human cancer cells. A further cytotoxicity analysis in JB6 P⁺ Cl41 cells bearing mutated MAP kinase genes revealed that ERK2 and JNK1 play a cytoprotective role in the cellular response to the AGE-induced cytotoxic effects.     

避雨栽培对川农泡椒1号品质的影响

以川农泡椒1号为试验材料,研究遮阳网+薄膜、遮阳网和露地3种栽培模式对川农泡椒1号品质的影响。试验结果表明,在夏季采用避雨栽培后,辣椒品质有所下降,其中VC、还原糖的含量均极显著低于对照,总糖含量差异不显著。而在避雨栽培的两种模式中,遮阳网+薄膜模式比遮阳网模式VC含量高5.4%,差异显著;还原糖高10.8%,差异极显著;总糖高0.8%,差异不显著。     

荃两优系列杂交稻品种耐热性与稻米品质的相关性研究

以优质水稻不育系荃211S为母本选育的13个荃两优系列杂交水稻品种为试验材料,利用智能温室进行高温胁迫处理,分析品种的耐热性和高温胁迫对稻米加工品质、外观品质和蒸煮食味品质的影响,以及品种耐热性与其主要品质性状的相关性。结果表明,荃两优系列杂交稻品种耐热性水平整体较强,其耐热系数与经过高温胁迫后品种的整精米率、碱消值呈极显著正相关,与胶稠度呈显著正相关,与垩白度呈极显著负相关;经过高温胁迫后,品种的整精米率、碱消值、胶稠度和直链淀粉含量普遍降低,垩白度普遍增加;耐热性强的水稻品种经过高温胁迫处理后,其整精米率、垩白度、直链淀粉含量、碱消值和胶稠度等主要米质指标的变幅小于高温相对敏感的品种。本研究为选育耐高温优质水稻品种奠定基础。     

楸树的初代培养研究

以楸树的4个品种(类型)(圆基长果楸、豫楸1号、豫楸2号和梓树)为材料进行组织培养研究,试验结果表明:(1)通过豫楸1号和圆基长果楸在MS、1/2MS、N6、WPM、B55种基本培养基上的诱导率和启动时间确定了该实验的最佳培养基为N6,其诱导率达80%,接种后2 d即启动。(2)外植体的消毒方式采用75%的酒精和0.1%HgC l2双步消毒,4个品种(类型)中豫楸2号的成活率最高,污染率最小。而不同品种(类型)最适消毒时间分别为:圆基长果楸5 min、豫楸1号8 min、豫楸2号7 min、梓树9.5 min。(3)大田栽培的圆基长果楸的污染率是温室栽培下的4~6倍,而成活率仅为温室栽培下的1/4,温室栽培的材料更适于进行组织培养。(4)豫楸1号在30 d内的污染率动态变化表明,外植体在接种7 d后出现污染,而主要污染发生在接种后的第14 d和第21 d。     

斑点叉尾鲴嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌的分离鉴定及系统发育分析

从发生在四川、重庆等省市的斑点叉尾妇急性流行性传染病病鱼的肝脏、肾脏内分离到1株高致病性菌株（CCF00024），人工感染健康鱼表现出与自然痛鱼相同的症状，并从中分离获得同种细菌，证实其为斑点叉尾鲴急性流行性传染病的病原菌。形态、生理生化检测表明，该菌为非发酵型直杆菌，严格需氧，革兰氏阴性，极生多鞭毛，对除麦芽糖和甘露糖以外的多种糖类不利用产酸，氧化酶阴性，DNA酶、蛋白酶、脲酶、赖氨酸脱羧酶阳性，MR、VP阴性。在以该菌16SrDNA序列（GenBank登录号AY970826）和GenBank及RDP数据库内同源性较高的细菌16SrDNA序列构建的系统发育树中，分离菌CCF00024与嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌（Stenotrophomonasmaltophilia）聚在一簇，特剐是与5．maltophiliaM5—1的同源性最高，序列相似性达99．6％，结合形态和生理生化特点将其鉴定为嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌（Stenotrophomonasmaltophilia）。药敏试验结果表明，对磺胺甲口恶唑、磺胺异口恶唑、阿齐霉素、洛美沙星高度敏感，而对新霉素、卡那霉素、氨苄青霉素、头孢唑啉、先锋霉素V和链霉素不敏感。     

斑点叉尾(鮰)嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌的分离鉴定及系统发育分析

从发生在四川、重庆等省市的斑点叉尾(鮰)急性流行性传染病病鱼的肝脏、肾脏内分离到1株高致病性菌株(CCF00024),人工感染健康鱼表现出与自然病鱼相同的症状,并从中分离获得同种细菌,证实其为斑点叉尾(鮰)急性流行性传染病的病原菌.形态、生理生化检测表明,该菌为非发酵型直杆菌,严格需氧,革兰氏阴性,极生多鞭毛,对除麦芽糖和甘露糖以外的多种糖类不利用产酸,氧化酶阴性,DNA酶、蛋白酶、脲酶、赖氨酸脱羧酶阳性,MR、VP阴性.在以该菌16S rDNA序列(GenBank登录号AY970826)和GenBank及RDP数据库内同源性较高的细菌16S rDNA序列构建的系统发育树中,分离菌CCF00024与嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia)聚在一簇,特别是与S.maltophilia M5-1的同源性最高,序列相似性达99.6%,结合形态和生理生化特点将其鉴定为嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia).药敏试验结果表明,对磺胺甲(口恶)唑、磺胺异(口恶)唑、阿齐霉素、洛美沙星高度敏感,而对新霉素、卡那霉素、氨苄青霉素,头孢唑啉、先锋霉素V和链霉素不敏感.     

S2基因失活突变马传染性贫血病毒感染性克隆的构建及感染性研究

为研制马传染性贫血病毒(EIAV)标记疫苗株,本研究在EIAV驴胎皮肤(FDD)细胞弱毒疫苗株感染性克隆pEIAVFDDV3-8的S2基因内部引入两个终止密码子,致使S2基因终止表达,构建了一株S2基因突变的感染性克隆pEIAVFDDV3-8△S2。用该重组质粒转染FDD细胞,盲传至第4代时,转染细胞病变明显,电镜下可见细胞内的典型病毒颗粒。反转录酶活性检测和Real-time PCR对病毒拷贝数的检测均证明,获得了EIAVS2基因终止表达的感染性克隆毒株,命名为EIAVFDDV3-8△S2。     

CnAβ基因对大鼠RBL-2H3细胞脱颗粒的影响

过敏是人和养殖动物常见的疾病,而且发生的频率呈现逐渐增加的趋势.为了深入了解过敏反应的机制,本研究利用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术,构建钙调磷酸酶A beta(calcineurin A beta,CnAβ)基因敲除的大鼠RBL-2H3细胞株,并探讨CnAβ基因对RBL-2H3细胞生长及脱颗粒的影响.选取大鼠Cn...     

疯牛病发病机理和跨物种传播研究进展

疯牛病（BSE）是严重危害畜牧业和人类健康的一种传染性疾病。该病以侵害中枢神经系统为特征。由于该病的临床症状和组织病理学变化等已为人们所熟知，本文仅就疯牛病病因、发病机理、及跨物种传播作一综述。