加减四君子汤对商品肉鸡免疫功能的研究

选用420只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分成7个处理组,每组设3个重复,每个重复20只。试验鸡在新城疫La Sota系冻干苗免疫时分别应用加减四君子汤和四君子汤煎剂按0．25％、0．5％、0．75％3个添加量兑水自由饮用,连用4d。并于14日龄、28日龄、42日龄分别在鸡翅静脉采血,进行白细胞、淋巴细胞计数,α-醋酸萘酯酶染色（ANAE）和β-微量血凝抑制试验（ND-HI）检测各项免疫指标。结果表明：加减四君子汤以0．25％或四君子汤以0．5％浓度混饮,在14日龄、28日龄、42日龄均可极显著提高鸡的淋巴细胞数和血液中HI抗体水平（P〈0．01）;显著提高白细胞数和T淋巴细胞阳性率（P〈0．05）。且用药剂量加减四君子汤可以减半应用。证明中药古方加减应用能有效提高鸡的特异性免疫和非特异性免疫水平。     

鱼腥草煎剂和颗粒剂有效成分及其体外抗菌活性比较

为探讨传统中药煎剂与免煎颗粒剂有效成分和药效上的差异,利用回流提取浓缩机组制备了鱼腥草原药浓缩液,同时利用喷雾干燥机将部分原药浓缩液制备成干粉;并对鱼腥草两种剂型中槲皮素的含量进行测定和二者体外抑菌效果的观察。通过试验发现,鱼腥草原药浓缩液与喷雾干燥粉中的槲皮素含量无统计学上的差异,而在体外抑菌试验中,鱼腥草原药浓缩液对大肠埃希菌、沙门菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度均低于喷雾干燥粉。     

白头翁汤对大肠杆菌造模腹泻小鼠血清和小肠组织中MPO含量的影响

使用致病性大肠杆菌O101经腹腔注射感染小鼠建立腹泻模型,4h后给予不同剂量白头翁汤灌胃治疗,治疗3d后,小鼠禁食不禁水12h后采样测定血清和小肠组织中MPO含量。模型组小鼠血清中髓过氧化物酶(MPO)含量升高,与空白组比较差异极显著(P<0.01),小肠组织匀浆液中MPO含量升高,与空白组比较差异显著(P<0.05);白头翁汤治疗组血清MPO含量均降低,与模型组比较差异极显著(P<0.01),白头翁汤治疗组小肠组织MPO含量降低,与模型组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。白头翁汤能降低致病性大肠杆菌诱发的腹泻小鼠血清和小肠组织中MPO含量,提示其能够抑制细菌性腹泻早期炎性细胞在小肠组织的浸润。     

温阳强心方对兔慢性充血性心力衰竭 细胞凋亡及心脏结构的影响

目的探讨温阳强心方对兔慢性充血性心力衰竭模型心脏结构、功能以及细胞凋亡的影响、方法将50只 兔随机抽取10只为正常组,其余40只予以阿霉素静脉注射建立心力衰竭模型〔造模结束后行心脏彩超检查,根据心 功能分层再随机分为4组:慢性充血性心力衰竭(CHF)模型组、卡托普利组、轻剂温阳强心方组及重剂温阳强心方组、 各组分别予以相应药物灌胃治疗,正常组和CHF模型组以等量的蒸馏水灌胃,每天1次,连续4周、实验结束时比较 各组心脏结构和功能以及心肌细胞凋亡阳性面密度比值的变化、结果与CHF模型组比较,温阳强心方能升高心衰家 兔LVEF , LVFB , E/A (P<0.01),降低IVB, LVPW(P<0.01),降低心肌细胞凋亡阳性面密度比值,差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05 ),且重剂量组疗效优于轻剂量组、结论温阳强心方能改善阿霉素所致兔慢性充血性心力衰竭模型的心功能,抑 制细胞凋亡和心室重构.且重剂量组疗效优于轻剂量组、     

银杏叶对小鼠抗炎镇痛作用的研究

目的：观察不同剂量银杏叶水煎醇沉液对小鼠的抗炎、镇痛作用。方法：采用二甲苯诱导小鼠耳壳肿胀法,50只小鼠随机均分5组,分别为银杏叶水煎醇沉液腹腔注射高（10.0 g/kg）、中（5.0 g/kg）、低（2.5 g/kg）剂量组,空白对照组腹腔注射等量生理盐水,阳性对照组腹腔注射地塞米松（10 mg/kg）,连续给药6 d,测定小鼠耳廓的肿胀率和肿胀抑制率;采用热板法测定小鼠的镇痛作用,取合格小鼠100只随机均分10组,分别为银杏叶水煎醇沉液腹腔注射和水煎液灌胃高（10.0 g/kg）、中（5.0 g/kg）、低（2.5 g/kg）剂量组,空白对照组腹腔注射和灌胃等量生理盐水,阳性对照组腹腔注射和灌胃安乃近（20 mg/kg）,给药后30 m in测定小鼠的痛阈值的变化。结果：腹腔注射银杏叶水煎醇沉液各剂量组小鼠耳廓肿胀率均低于生理盐水组（P〈0.01）,其肿胀抑制率以高剂量组最高;与生理盐水组比较,腹腔注射银杏叶水煎醇沉液各个剂量组痛阈值均明显提高（P〈0.01）;灌胃给药高剂量组有镇痛作用（P〈0.01）。结论：银杏叶水煎醇沉液腹腔注射对小鼠具有较强的抗炎和镇痛作用,灌胃给药镇痛效果相对较差。     

Effects of Maxing-Shigan decoction on airway remodeling and expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in lung tissues of asthmatic mice

AIM:To investigate the effects of Maxing-Shigan decoction on airway remodeling and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the lung tissues of asthmatic mice, and to explore its possible mechanism in treatment of asthma. METHODS:The BALB/c mice were divided into blank control group, model group, low-dose Maxing-Shigan decoction group, middle-dose Maxing-Shigan decoction group, high-dose Maxing-Shigan decoction group and positive control group. The mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin to establish asthma model. The mice in blank control group and model group were given saline by oral administration before 30 min of suscitation. The mice in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose Maxing-Shigan decoction groups were given Maxing-Shigan decoction at 5.0 g/kg, 10.0 g/kg and 20.0 g/kg, respectively, by oral administration before 30 min of suscitation. The mice in positive control group was given dexamethasone at 0.005 g/kg by oral administration before 30 min of suscitation. After consecutive administration for 7 d, the variations of airway responsiveness, the percentage of the goblet cells, the collagen deposition, and the eosinophil (EOS) counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of each group were observed. The protein levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the lung tissues were determined by ELISA and Western blot. The mRNA expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was detected by RT-qPCR. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group, the airway responsiveness, the goblet cell percentage, the collagen deposition, the EOS counts in BALF, the protein levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1, and the mRNA expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were significantly increased in model group (P<0.01). Compared with model group, all of the indexes were reversed in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose Maxing-Shigan decoction groups and positive control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION:Maxing-Shigan decoction improves airway remodeling in asthma model mice by down-regulating the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1.     

Effects of Xiaoyaosan on imiquimod induced psoriatic lesions and depression neurotransmitters in mouse model

AIM: To observe the effect of Xiaoyaosan decoction on the psoriatic lesions and depression neurotransmitters induced by imiquimod in mice. METHODS: BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, methotrexate group and Xiaoyaosan high, medium and low dose groups, 6 mice in each group. Imiquimod (IMQ, 5%) was used on the back of the animals to induce psoriasis-like lesions in the mice. The psoriasis area and seve-rity index (PASI) were evaluated for daily scoring. The sugar water preference experiment was conducted to explore the behavioral differences in the mice. The morphological changes and epidermal thickness of the lesions were observed under light microscopy. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of CD3 on T lymphocyte surface. The expression of Ki67 in the skin lesions was detected by immunofluorescence. The contents of monoamine neurotransmitters such as adrenaline (AD), gamma-aminobutylic acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), dopamine (DA) and their metabolites in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of mice were detected by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). RESULTS: Compared with model group, the back skin lesions of Xiaoyaosan each dose group and methotrexate group were significantly improved, and the PASI score and epidermal thickness were both lower than those in model group (P<0.05). The expression levels of Ki67 and CD3⁺ T cells in Xiaoyaosan group and methotrexate group were lower than those in model group (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the body mass change range of Xiaoyaosan high-dose group and blank control group was significantly smaller than that in model group (P<0.05). The sugar water preference rate in blank control group was significantly higher than that in model group (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the sugar water preference rate in methotrexate and Xiaoyaosan groups showed a certain increase trend, but no statistical diffe-rence was observed. Compared model group, the levels of 3, 4-Dihydroxypheny-lacetic acid (DOPAC), AD, GLU and GABA levels in the mouse hippocampus in blank control group were decreased significantly (P<0.01), while the levels of DA and homovanillic acid (HVA) had no significant difference (P>0.05). No significant difference of DA, DOPAC, HVA and GLU levels in the mouse hypothalamus was observed between blank control group and model group (P>0.05), while the content of AD and GABA in the mouse hypothalamus in blank control group was lower than that in model group. The AD content of the hypothalamus in high-dose Xiaoyaosan group was significantly higher than that in model group (P<0.01), and the HVA content of the hypothalamus in low-dose Xiaoyaosan group was significantly higher than that in model group (P<0.01). PASI score was negatively correlated with the content of DOPAC, AD, GLU and GABA in the hippocampus and the content of AD, GLU and GABA in the hypothalamus, those were, the more severe the back skin lesion was, the lower the expression of depression-related neurotransmitters were, indicating the aggravation of depression in the mice. CONCLUSION: Xiaoyaosan improves the skin lesions induced by imiquimod in the mice with psoriasis, improves the behavior of depression in the mice with psoriasis, and up-regulates the expression of depression-related monoamine neurotransmitters. The expression of depression-related neurotransmitters is negatively correlated with the skin lesions induced by imiqumod in the mice with psoriasis. The degree of depression is increased with the aggravation of psoriatic lesions.     

Yunpiheluo decoction alleviates diabetic kidney injury by regulating Sirt1/AMPK signaling pathway and activating autophagy

AIM: To observe the effect on Yunpiheluo decoction (YPHL) on renal injury in type 2 diabetic rats and to explore the mechanism from the perspective of Sirt1-AMPK-autophagy. METHODS: Male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats (n=24) were randomly divided into model group, Sirt1 over-expression group and YPHL group, and fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet for 10 weeks. ZL rats were used as normal control and fed with normal diet for 10 weeks. After 10 weeks, urine and blood were collected for renal function detection. The rats were sacrificed and specimen was submitted. In addition, the mRNA expression of Sirt1 was analyzed by real-time PCR. The protein levels of Sirt1, AMPK, p-AMPK, LC3 and P62 in the renal tissues wene determined by Western blot. The renal pathological changes were observed under light microscope with HE and Masson staining. RESULTS: Compared with control group, fasting blood glucose (FBG), urinary protein (UP), urinary albumin (U-ALB) and serum creatinine (SCr) in model group were obviously increased (P<0.01). The mRNA expression of Sirt1 was decreased (P<0.05). The protein levels of SIRT1, AMPK, p-AMPK and LC3-II/-I were decreased (P<0.01), and P62 was increased (P<0.01). Glomerular focal fibrosis, focal renal tubular epithelial cell vacuolation, necrosis, shedding and atrophy, tubular type, and renal interstitial fibrosis were observed. Compared with model group, FBG was obviously decreased in Sirt1 over-expression group (P<0.01), but it showed no significant change in YPHL group (P>0.05). SCr and U-ALB were decreased (P<0.05), Sirt1 mRNA was increased (P<0.05), the protein levels of SIRT1, AMPK, p-AMPK and LC3-II/-I were increased (P<0.01), and P62 was decreased (P<0.01) in Sirt1 over-expression group and YPHL group. HE and Masson staining showed that the renal damage in Sir1 over-expression group and YPHL group was attenuated. CONCLUSION: Yunpiheluo decoction may protect the kidney by increasing the expression level of Sirt1, activating AMPK, and regulating autophagy.     

舒胃汤对功能性消化不良大鼠胃肠平滑肌Bcl-2、Caspase-12表达的影响

目的 通过观察舒胃汤对功能性消化不良（functional dyspepsia,FD）肝郁脾虚证模型大鼠胃窦和幽门区Bcl-2、Caspase-12蛋白及mRNA表达的影响,探讨舒胃汤治疗FD的作用和机制。方法 将Wistar大鼠60只随机分成空白组,模型组,莫沙必利组,舒胃汤低、中、高剂量组。按改良复合病因造模法造成FD肝郁脾虚证模型,连续21 d。分组干预,连续14d。处死大鼠后,取胃窦平滑肌和十二指肠上段组织。Western-blot法检测Bcl-2、Caspase-12蛋白表达;RT-PCR法检测Bcl-2、Caspase-12的mRNA表达。结果 Western-blot检测发现,与空白组比,模型组Caspase-12表达升高而Bcl-2表达降低（P<0.05）;与模型组比,舒胃汤中、高组Caspase-12 mRNA表达显著降低（P<0.01）。RT-PCR检测发现,与空白组比,模型组Caspase-12表达显著升高而Bcl-2表达显著降低（P<0.01）;与模型组相比,舒胃汤低、中、高剂量组Caspase-12表达显著降低（P<0.01）,中、高剂量组Bcl-2表达显著升高（P<0.01）。结论 舒胃汤可能通过调控胃窦和幽门区凋亡因子Bcl-2、Caspase-12的表达抑制平滑肌细胞的凋亡,从而有效地治疗功能性消化不良。     

滋肾活血汤治疗子宫内膜薄致月经过少肾虚血瘀证的疗效观察

目的观察滋肾活血汤治疗子宫内膜薄致月经过少肾虚血瘀证的临床疗效。方法选择2012年9月—2013年9月期间在我院妇科门诊治疗的子宫内膜薄致月经过少肾虚血瘀证60例患者,随机分为观察组与对照组各30例。观察组口服滋肾活血汤,对照组口服补佳乐联合黄体酮,3个月为1疗程。观察两组临床疗效、治疗前后中医症状评分、子宫内膜厚度变化。结果观察组治疗后临床疗效和中医症状评分优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗后子宫内膜厚度与本组治疗前比较,均有明显改善(P<0.05),两组治疗后子宫内膜厚度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论滋肾活血汤治疗子宫内膜薄致月经过少肾虚血瘀证具有显著疗效,且能增加子宫内膜厚度,值得临床推广应用。