Stakeholder perception of wheat production constraints,capacity building needs,and research partnerships in developing countries

In order to update the available information on the main current and future constraints on wheat production and human capacity development, a survey covering nineteen developing countries, including major wheat producers, was conducted prior to the 2006 International Symposium on Increasing Wheat Yield Potential in Ciudad Obregon, Mexico. The results emphasize the substantial yield losses associated with a number of critical abiotic, biotic and socioeconomic constraints, and indicate their global prevalence. The most important constraints on wheat production are heat (affecting up to 57% of the entire wheat area in surveyed countries), competition with weeds, and diseases (both affecting up to 55% of wheat area). Of the socioeconomic constraints listed and evaluated by respondents, access to mechanization and availability of credit were the most often highlighted. The most-reported infrastructural constraints were insufficient resources for field station operations. When evaluating the importance of research partnerships to achieve national wheat program goals, respondents from all 19 countries assigned the highest importance to partnerships with international agricultural research centers. The most desired outputs from these include development and exchange of germplasm and assistance in capacity building and knowledge sharing. These findings confirm the anticipated constraints and needs over the next 10–20 years and affirm the importance of international agricultural research centers in providing support to address them.     

北方地区农村小康住宅建筑规划及节能探析

结合我国北方寒冷地区的地域条件、气候特点及再生能源现状,提出了新农村小康住宅建筑的科学规划、合理布局与住宅节能措施。     

使用3ds max建造实验设备模型的方法及应用

浅谈了虚拟现实技术的重要性及基本思路。讨论了如何使用3ds max作为创作平台,来获得逼真的实物模型,并以显微镜为例,介绍了细节化的方法和步骤。     

新农村建设中完善村级财务工作监督体系的若干思考

分析了村级财务工作的现状和问题,探讨完善村级财务工作监督体系的措施。     

生态公益林林分改造树种选择的技术路线探讨

文章将目前生态公益林林分改造树种选择方法和过程分为自由路线、试验路线、乡土树种路线和天然林模拟路线共4种技术路线,对4种技术路线进行了比较。同时,推荐了宫胁法和风水林模拟法等2种优良的技术路线。     

Role of green roofs in urban connectivity,an exploratory approach using landscape graphs in the city of Paris,France

Green roofs provide many ecosystem services, but little is known about the way they contribute to urban functional connectivity. This paper has the following four objectives: (1) to compare the potential green roofs’ role to connectivity in relation to other urban green spaces, (2) to specify the green roofs contribution’s type, (3) to explore the influence of building height integration method and finally (4) to assess the impact on connectivity of simulated greening new roofs. Using a landscape graph approach, we modeled ecological networks of three species groups with different dispersion capacities in the Paris region (France). Then, we computed several connectivity metrics to assess the potential contribution of green roofs to functional connectivity. At a large scale (metropole scale), our results show that green roofs can slightly improve the global connectivity largely through the connections rather than the addition of habitat area. More than a stepping stone function, green roofs would have a dispersion flux function at a local scale. Furthermore, when the difficulty of crossing movement is exponential to the height of buildings, green roofs over 20 m high are mostly disconnected from the ecological networks. In addition to the green roof’s height, our analysis highlights the very strong role played by buildings’ configuration. This study raises promising directions for the integration of building height into the analysis of urban connectivity. Detailed research and long-term biological data from green roofs and green spaces are needed to confirm our results.