突泉县西北地区布鲁氏菌病防控存在的问题及应对策略

在详细阐述布鲁氏茵病的概念、症状和国际国内形势的基础上,通过对突泉县布鲁氏茵病疫情进行调查。重点分析了研究的防控技术不当和养殖户等问题的基本原因,进而总结出在疫区的行政干预等应用实践。     

云南省猪布鲁氏杆菌病血清学调查

采用虎红平板凝集试验与试管凝集试验相结合的方法,对云南省部分养殖场和屠宰厂采集的猪血清样本进行布病血清学检测,检测血清样本302份。经虎红平板凝集试验筛选,共检出阳性血清样本30例,检出率为9.934%。阳性者通过试管凝集试验证实,最终检出阳性血清样本14例,检出率为4.636%。其中屠宰厂检出率为6.091%,养殖场检出率为1.905%,屠宰场的检出率高于养殖场。     

Brucellosis vaccines: past,present and future

The first effective Brucella vaccine was based on live Brucella abortus strain 19, a laboratory-derived strain attenuated by an unknown process during subculture. This induces reasonable protection against B. abortus, but at the expense of persistent serological responses. A similar problem occurs with the B. melitensis Rev.1 strain that is still the most effective vaccine against caprine and ovine brucellosis. Vaccines based on killed cells of virulent strains administered with adjuvant induced significant protection but also unacceptable levels of antibodies interfering with diagnostic tests. Attempts were made to circumvent this problem by using a live rough strain B. abortus 45/20, but this reverted to virulence in vivo. Use of killed cells of this strain in adjuvant met with moderate success but batch to batch variation in reactogenicity and agglutinogenicity limited application. This problem has been overcome by the development of the rifampicin-resistant mutant B. abortus RB51 strain. This strain has proved safe and effective in the field against bovine brucellosis and exhibits negligible interference with diagnostic serology. Attempts are being made to develop defined rough mutant vaccine strains that would be more effective against B. melitensis and B. suis. Various studies have examined cell-free native and recombinant proteins as candidate protective antigens, with or without adjuvants. Limited success has been obtained with these or with DNA vaccines encoding known protective antigens in experimental models and further work is indicated.     

四川省家畜布鲁氏菌病流行病学调查与分析

通过对四川省近年家畜布病的流行病学分析,结合我省专项定点调查资料,笔者对本病的流行因素和危害进行了剖析,提出了布病防控工作的几点建议。     

奶牛布鲁氏菌病的检测技术研究进展

本文从病原学检测、血清学试验、聚合酶链反应方法、胶体金检测技术以及其他几个常用方法等方面对奶牛布鲁氏菌病的检测技术研究进行综述。     

沈阳地区鹿布氏杆菌病的血清学调查

采用血清学方法,对沈阳地区的梅花鹿群未注射布氏杆菌病疫苗的541份血清进行了检测,阳性率为26．62％。结果表明鹿群中仍然存在布氏杆菌病。     

祁连县绵羊群中流产类疾病的血清学检测

应用虎红平板凝集试验(Rose-Bengal Plate Agglutination Test,RBPT)、衣原体、弓形虫、绵羊支原体间接血凝试验(Indirect Hemagglutination Assay,IHA),对采自青海省祁连县两个村绵羊的199份血清进行了布氏杆菌、衣原体、弓形虫的血清抗体检测。结果:在199份被检血清中,未检出布氏杆菌和衣原体的血清阳性;检出弓形虫阳性血清9份,阳性率为4.5%;羊传染性胸膜肺炎阳性血清13份,阳性率为6.5%。     

塔城市牛布鲁氏菌病血清流行病学调查及分析

采用虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)和试管凝集试验(SAT)对塔城市10个乡镇场社区27个村队巷1207份未免疫布病疫苗的牛血清进行监测,检出阳性65头,阳性率为5.4%。阳性牛分布在8个乡镇场社区的27个村队巷。出现布病疫情主要原因是,传染源没有彻底清除,市场交易频繁,大量外引牲畜未得到有效检疫,饲养者缺乏对布病知识的了解致使阳性畜不断增加,导致疫情扩散。采取检疫、净化与扑杀无害化处理相结合的方式,淘汰病畜,加强牲畜流通环节监管,加大宣传,以控制疫情蔓延。     

布鲁氏菌病病原学研究进展

布鲁氏菌病是由布鲁氏茵引起的危害严重的人畜共患病,主要危害人畜生殖系统,患病动物是主要的传染源,其流行地域在不断变化,每年都有新发和复发地区的报道。布鲁氏菌的感染主要缘于其有效的宿主免疫逃避机制,论文对近几年国内外布鲁氏菌抗原和毒力因子等病原学研究进展予以综述,为布鲁氏菌病防治提供参考。